Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
Binge drinking can dramatically amplify damage to the liver
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by a fatty liver, hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Binge drinking is on the rise worldwide, and is particularly common in the U.S. A review of studies addressing the effects ...
Addiction
Jan 22, 2013 |
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Reviewing alcohol's effects on normal sleep
Sleep is supported by natural cycles of activity in the brain and consists of two basic states: rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Typically, people begin the sleep cycle with NREM sleep ...
Health
Jan 22, 2013 |
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Alcohol use from adolescence to adulthood follows different, complex pathways
Adolescence is often a time of novelty seeking and risk taking, including the initiation of drinking. While heavy drinking that begins in adolescence can lead to problematic alcohol use later in life, other risk factors are ...
Health
Jan 22, 2013 |
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Will proposed DSM-5 changes to assessment of alcohol problems do any better?
Proposed changes to the upcoming fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) will affect the criteria used to assess alcohol problems. One change would collapse the two diagnoses of ...
Psychology & Psychiatry
Jan 22, 2013 |
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A brain protein called vimentin can indicate damage to the hippocampus following binge drinking
Chronic drinking is known to have detrimental health effects such as cardiac and liver problems, cognitive impairments, and brain damage. Binge drinking in particular is known to increase the risk of developing dementia and/or ...
Health
Jan 22, 2013 |
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Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to alcohol-related muscular weakness
Myopathy refers to a muscular disease in which muscle fibers do not function, resulting in muscular weakness and wasting. Vitamin D deficiency is a well-recognized cause of myopathy, and excessive drinking is often associated ...
Addiction
Dec 14, 2012 |
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Alcohol marketers use drinker identity and brand allegiance to entice underage youth
While exposure to alcohol marketing is prevalent, and associated with both initiation and progression of alcohol use in underage youth, exactly how it works is not well understood. A new study of alcohol-specific cognitions ...
Addiction
Dec 14, 2012 |
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Negative emotionality may make some people more prone to alcohol or other drug problems
Prior research has shown that sensitivity to the stimulating effects of alcohol and other drugs is a risk marker for heavy or problematic use of those substances. Prior research has also shown that the personality trait of ...
Addiction
Dec 14, 2012 |
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Impaired executive function may exacerbate impulsiveness and risk of developing alcohol dependence
Executive function (EF), frequently associated with the frontal lobes, guides complex behavior such as planning, decision-making, and response control. EF impairment due to alcohol dependence (AD) has been linked to alcohol's ...
Addiction
Dec 14, 2012 |
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Chronic alcohol and marijuana use during youth can compromise white-matter integrity
Chronic use of alcohol and marijuana during youth is associated with poorer neural structure, function, and metabolism, as well as worsened neurocognitive abilities into later adolescence and adulthood. This may be due to ...
Addiction
Dec 14, 2012 |
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The mu opioid receptor genotype may be a marker for those who drink for alcohol's rewarding effects
Previous research had identified an individual's subjective response to alcohol as a marker of alcoholism risk. The A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the mu opioid receptor (OPRM1) gene had also been previously ...
Addiction
Dec 14, 2012 |
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Early drunkenness may be riskier than an early age at first drink for problem behaviors
Many studies have reported that the earlier the age at first drink (AFD) the higher the chances of that person developing later drinking-related problems. However, it is unclear why consuming small quantities at an early ...
Addiction
Dec 14, 2012 |
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Alcoholic men demonstrate a deficit in empathy and distorted view of irony
Emotions are often implicit undertones to our communication interactions, and decoding them requires substantial social and cognitive abilities. Prior research has shown that chronic alcoholics often demonstrate impaired ...
Addiction
Nov 08, 2012 |
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Environmental factors can mitigate genetic risk for developing alcohol problems
Alcohol use during adolescence is harmful on multiple levels, including an increased risk for developing alcohol use disorders (AUDs) later in life. Recent research suggests that genetic influences are moderated by environmental ...
Addiction
Nov 08, 2012 |
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College women who act impulsively when distressed are at risk for alcohol problems
An increasing number of women entering young adulthood engage in heavy drinking behavior, placing them at risk of developing alcohol use disorders (AUDs) as well as other negative consequences such as sexual assault and physical ...
Addiction
Nov 08, 2012 |
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