Study suggests humans are slowly but surely losing intellectual and emotional abilities
Human intelligence and behavior require optimal functioning of a large number of genes, which requires enormous evolutionary pressures to maintain. A provocative hypothesis published in a recent set of Science and Society pieces published in the Cell Press journal Trends in Genetics suggests that we are losing our intellectual and emotional capabilities because the intricate web of genes endowing us with our brain power is particularly susceptible to mutations and that these mutations are not being selected against in our modern society.
"The development of our intellectual abilities and the optimization of thousands of intelligence genes probably occurred in relatively non-verbal, dispersed groups of peoples before our ancestors emerged from Africa," says the papers' author, Dr. Gerald Crabtree, of Stanford University. In this environment, intelligence was critical for survival, and there was likely to be immense selective pressure acting on the genes required for intellectual development, leading to a peak in human intelligence.
From that point, it's likely that we began to slowly lose ground. With the development of agriculture, came urbanization, which may have weakened the power of selection to weed out mutations leading to intellectual disabilities. Based on calculations of the frequency with which deleterious mutations appear in the human genome and the assumption that 2000 to 5000 genes are required for intellectual ability, Dr. Crabtree estimates that within 3000 years (about 120 generations) we have all sustained two or more mutations harmful to our intellectual or emotional stability. Moreover, recent findings from neuroscience suggest that genes involved in brain function are uniquely susceptible to mutations. Dr. Crabtree argues that the combination of less selective pressure and the large number of easily affected genes is eroding our intellectual and emotional capabilities.
But not to worry. The loss is quite slow, and judging by society's rapid pace of discovery and advancement, future technologies are bound to reveal solutions to the problem. "I think we will know each of the millions of human mutations that can compromise our intellectual function and how each of these mutations interact with each other and other processes as well as environmental influences," says Dr. Crabtree. "At that time, we may be able to magically correct any mutation that has occurred in all cells of any organism at any developmental stage. Thus, the brutish process of natural selection will be unnecessary."
More information: Crabtree et al.: "Our fragile intellect. Part I." Trends in Genetics
Crabtree et al.: "Our fragile intellect. Part II." Trends in Genetics
Journal reference:
Trends in Genetics
Provided by
Cell Press
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Nov 12, 2012
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Nov 12, 2012
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Nov 12, 2012
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Nov 12, 2012
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Nov 12, 2012
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And I'll add, especially so when there is a hint of sarcasm and suggestion they are not able to understand, this makes them firm up their opposition to thinking and shows quite substantively their inability to become detached, hence touching upon the emotional aspect as per this article.
Its as if people are getting more likely to develop a type of oppositional defiance disorder such as generally described in the link below but, instead a variance of this regardless of their age.
http://en.wikiped...disorder
Nov 12, 2012
Rank: 2 / 5 (4)
Is learning innate? Provided from nature?
Is learning not a worthy subject of research?
Nov 12, 2012
Rank: 1.3 / 5 (6)
One fact is that humans had the biggest brains 10,000 to 30,000 years ago and have been shrinking mentally and physically every since.
Nov 12, 2012
Rank: 1.9 / 5 (9)
as the sweet potatoes are worth it.
Further discussion had me explain I'm a food scientist & take many combinatorial mineral supplements, Eg. Zinc & Copper which improve mental function but the dose needs to be higher than generally eaten http://en.wikiped...n_health
& for me thats ~ 7 milli gms/day.
She quickly complained & earnestly warned "NO, No, copper will make you go mad!" she was really worried but, I did manage to continue discussion to enquire how she came to that view & what sort of careers her family had pursued.
She came from a family of accountants, traditional, easiest with family but, she was the only girl who would be working, all others housewives.
I wonder if, for her family, madness meant ability for critical thinking, dialectic, rational discussion and doing things differently :-)
Nov 12, 2012
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Nov 12, 2012
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The belief that the results of genetic drift would be visible within your lifetime is also silly, if less obviously so. We don't reproduce fast enough for that.
And Flynn Effect makes a mockery of all claims that we're getting less intelligent.
Worthless paper, published as a favor to an otherwise very intelligent guy with an unsubstantiated pet theory. Just another Linus Pauling.
Nov 12, 2012
Rank: 4.4 / 5 (14)
"The subjects of the papers he published reflect his great scientific versatility: about 350 publications in the fields of experimental determination of the structure of crystals by the diffraction of X-rays and the interpretation of these structures in terms of the radii and other properties of atoms; the application of quantum mechanics to physical and chemical problems, including dielectric constants, X-ray doublets, momentum distribution of electrons in atoms, rotational motion of molecules in crystals, Van der Waals forces, etc.; the structure of metals and intermetallic compounds, the theory of ferromagnetism; the nature of the chemical bond, including the resonance phenomenon in chemistry; the experimental determination of the structure of gas molecules by the diffraction of electrons; the structure of proteins..."
You, Surly, have just single-handedly proven Dr. Crabtree's hypothesis corrrect.
Nov 12, 2012
Rank: 3 / 5 (6)
On a light note, Idiocracy is hilarious.
Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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"The Histories" by Herodotus is enough evidence for me that we have become compromised.
What with phyto endocrines and endocrine disruptors is anyone amazed at the stupidity we read in these comments?
Never mind, now that the population has built up to 9 Billion, Evolution has a lot of material to work with.
And it is about to put the pressure on the pool soon. The oil that feeds us is going away.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 4.3 / 5 (6)
On the other hand it is a speculative article, in that we can't measure a decreasing ability. In fact, in as much intelligence tests measure it beyond the ability to respond to the tests, intelligence is increasing. (As mention in the comments.)
On the gripping hand, this idea says that we will have the intelligence we need.
@ kochevnik: Learning is an innate trait, as it must be (see computer science), because neuronal endowed species has it. Granted, we can push the bottleneck with various methods.
But innovation/capita hasn't gone up (or down) much, or we wouldn't be on the exponential economical and technical evolution we are.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3.7 / 5 (3)
I know Kurzweil put out a list of "predictions", but they are mostly equivocal. He hasn't been able to test his "predictions" _now_. So no "singularity", actual phenomena are mostly readily obsrevable.
@ Massen: It is your life, but as a heads up: Some research have found supplements shorten your life (unless you really need them). Dunno how good it is, but you can surely find out if you need to.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 4.3 / 5 (6)
In actuality oil has plateaued, as the best earlier models (simply random walk of total ignorance) predicted. But the IMF models, basically econometrics but allowing for supply shocks, can predict all the shocks and are better than all other models.
In sum, the oil production will continue its slow increase that the current economy has predicted. It will double in prize over a decade, but the GDPs will not crash.
With such a slow adjustment other technologies will kick in at the higher prizes. I hear that they are revisiting the century old technique of producing oil & gas raw materials from bacteria. Gas is an excellent energy carrier, and oil plastics are much more flexible.
If IMF is correct, and it looks as reasonable models for the first time, oil will always be with us. "Peak oil" terminology OTOH will go.
Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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- Many so-called herbal supplements dont have claimed contents
- Some herbals also have contaminants, eg Cadmium, excess Iron
- Others would mess with bowel equilibria, bacterial spores too !
Eg.
One very important discovery for a review for the Food Chemistry unit showed that those on a Western Diet whether in USA, Europe or Australia were very likely to suffer copper deficiency. Partly due to soils & fertilizers and also due to perception Copper is/was toxic.
Many would be lucky & get 0.4 mg/D, most need ~5.0mg/Day
~200 enzymes/proteins compete just for Copper
Too many complexities to expand here, food is deadly important!
Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 1.9 / 5 (14)
giving that money to people who make less and are less smart, then have lots more kids.
in this socially engineered lanscape of fairness, you have more kids the dumber you are... and have fewer the smarter you are.
given sangers neg*ro project started 100 years ago, and is now a billion dollar industry of eugenics (when combined with redistribution), the outcome is something any breeder could tell you.
you select for stupid who vote for dependency
you get a nation of dependent stupid
[this is how 80% of the population has fewer children than the remaining 20% according to the census]
Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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You are aware that Pauling wasted years he could have spent on valuable work trying to prove that Vitamin C cures everything, right? I fear Crabtree's doing the same thing, dropping what he's good at to try to further a crackpot theory.
Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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Quite right, however, ironically he has touched on the truth somewhat. Tell me the latest super scientific discovery made by someone originating from council housing...
You can have a family of 4 all raised the same, its simple genetics, 3 can be absolutely thick and the 4th is VERY smart, same nurturing, different genetics. Its a commonly seen thing, hence the terms "black sheep of the family". While it has no p value, if something becomes a "saying" throughout human social history, it tends to lend a fair amount of truth to itself, otherwise it wouldnt be a saying.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (10)
Most British men are cross-dressers.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3 / 5 (4)
Not quite as popular as "black sheep of the family". Maybe I should re-phrase myself for very very simple clarification to those who didn't understand. Very old common sayings that have stood the test of many generations, sometimes even complete eras, have a basis of truth. Sayings made up on a whim for a witty retort have minimal basis in truth, apart from the occasional coincidental one that is bound to happen
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (10)
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 2.6 / 5 (5)
However, as with all biological organisms, you aren't going to get 100% efficiency. If you compare the amount of geniuses from council housing, to the amount of thick idiots from successfull families of scientists/doctors, you will find that smart from stupid is much rarer than stupid from smart. Money has little to do with it. It is well known in todays economics and politic and law, that rich people are all ranges of intelligence. You can have an IQ of 100 and own a superstore-everyone needs food. Intelligence is genetic, the transfer isn't 100%, however, smart/intelligent people work jobs paying rubbish money and cant afford kids. Stupid benefit scounrgers get paid more money the more children they have. The maths is VERY simple, and is a basic evolutionary concept
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 2.3 / 5 (3)
The teeth one is true, I can tell you that being from the UK.
Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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You would like to go into the army or police force & they start by giving you an intelligence test of their design which is not necessarily the standard psychological test of the 7 or so variants of intelligence...
There are three groups of outcomes:-
a. Very low, imbecile level, you are likely to be refused entry.
b. Anywhere from low to high, you are very likely to be accepted.
c. Very high, genius level, you are going to be refused entry.
Clearly a. and b. are pretty obvious as to the choice rationale.
But when it comes to c., other than care for the applicant & a suggestion they might be wasting their time, the applicant is dissuaded from pursuing a career in police or army.
I can see one protective reason for the relevant organisations but, I'm interested to hear of others knowledge in this area as its pretty much on topic as to the various rationales for denying c. entry ?
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 2.6 / 5 (5)
Then your intelligent interest in truth demands you must look deeper.
Intelligent people tend to look at (deeper) levels where details really matter and try to avoid widespread inane generalisations such as your misplaced comment.
Try taking a look at my previous post as a starter to tickle your imagination !
*grin*
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3.3 / 5 (6)
I never even mentioned skin colour. You're just releasing pent up political drivel. The fact remains, that the majority of people from social housing etc aren't going to be winning nobel prizes any time soon. The whole bad schooling thing is bull. I came from one of the worst "highschools" in the UK, from an area of mostly government benefits, the unemployment rate is something ridiculous like 80%. Guess what. Im one of the minority families who arent on the social, just happen to be from the area. Same schooling, same pressures, I still made something of myself. Its called genetics.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3.7 / 5 (9)
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3 / 5 (4)
Personally insulting me doesn't make you correct, or me incorrect. Why would I be near upper class people? I am learned in the sciences and have a job in the sciences, I am still poor. Since when did intelligence = earn more money. A footballer earns more than any super genius will.
Brown eyes/Blue eyes. Chances are brown eyes for the offspring, occasionally, you get blue, from sheer chance.
Brown is thick, blue is intelligent. If both parents have blue eyes, the chances of blue eyes is much larger.
Trust me I've lived in rough low income areas, most of them are so thick by the time they were taking final exams they barely knew how to add! Same school, same teachers, same pressures, I passed! Why? Hard work? No, very lazy, good genetics.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3 / 5 (4)
So why, when the other way around, do so many disagree, simply based on an opinion. Heres why. Most people arent rich. So funnily enough, when someone says "low income=low intelligence", it gets majority grumblings.
I'm sure if I entered this "debate" saying low income=high intelligence I'd have people singing my praises.
Stop being subjective, and look at the facts. Statistically low income areas perform worse in academics, and have more chances actually. You think rich toff schools allow 7 retakes? No.
Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
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Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 2.1 / 5 (7)
Same with intelligence. Our wild ancestors selected for mates based on physical characteristics. The biggest muscles, the largest breasts, the biggest penis, the meanest personality... One can see all this in the 'country bars' all over this country and all over the world. Up to recently, intelligence was devalued by women as 'geeky' or 'nerdy' or 'square'(older generation). This constant deselecting of intelligence by masses of people of the lower classes over a long term leads to generalized lowering of intelligence of a species. Greatly dislike the use of the term, 'class', but no way to get around it. Our species 'mass culture' and our flocking to this mass culture of the exalting of muscles over intelligence is setting our species to a 'planet of the apes' scenario or a caste system of Brahmins and Sudras. Look at our muscle/fighting mags.
Nov 13, 2012
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (10)
Notice how he says "we have all"? Any attempt to fingerpoint at any group, class, or race is a fallacy promoted by the dumb. Try reading the article before sharing your ugliness.
Nov 14, 2012
Rank: 1.8 / 5 (6)
To claim nature doesn't like order, doesn't obviously take account of your own physical existence, unless you also claim to be a disordered mass - which you may well be or going that way...
So your writings must therefore logically be disordered as they arise from natures ideal of producing you, a heap of disorder and as your writings must be disordered, they can so easily be dismissed !
.
.
.
Blind are those that cannot see, and blinder still are those that write so badly about the opposite of what they guess they see !
Nov 15, 2012
Rank: 5 / 5 (1)
So am I doing the same thing?
Nov 15, 2012
Rank: 2.2 / 5 (5)
Peak oil was estimated based on 1. Total estimated oil in each oil reserve and 2. back-dating those oil reserves to when they were first discovered. The total estimated oil was generally quantified as conventional, recoverable oil, and recoverable meant profitable at a certain oil price level (typically prices as they were in the 90s or early 2000s). As Americans have proven willing to pay for expensive oil and as advanced drilling and fracking techniques increase recoverable oil, perhaps it's high time that someone redid the peak oil estimate. Since fossil oil is a finite resource, peak oil is inevitable, regardless of the quality of the estimates used to predict its arrival. And to all you abiogenic oilheads out there... you're crazy.
Nov 16, 2012
Rank: 3 / 5 (4)
You dont understand evolution lol. If every person has it, then it has spread. All organisms of a species dont just suddenly change in unison. A mutation occurs and through successive breeding becomes dominant in a subgroup or entire group of a species. Someone started a thick mutation, them children mated, their children mated. Assuming just 2 children per generation, exponential increase, 120 generations, way over 7 billion. Its simple evolution and maths. Im surprised so many people voted my above comment so low because I said a mutation is random and its trait continuing is non random, thats evolution 101!
Nov 17, 2012
Rank: 1.5 / 5 (4)
Given the fact that the majority of those disabilities are caused by randomly-occurring, spontaneous genetic mutations (rather than being entirely hereditary), this is hardly relevant to the case that humans are [supposedly] losing intelligence, through a halt in evolution.
Nov 17, 2012
Rank: 2.3 / 5 (3)
It seems to me that the scientist fell a bit into the trap of romanticizing the past as an golden age(in that case of intelligence).
Nov 17, 2012
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Nov 18, 2012
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Nov 18, 2012
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Nov 18, 2012
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Nov 18, 2012
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Nov 18, 2012
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Nov 18, 2012
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Nov 19, 2012
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Nov 19, 2012
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Did he claim that it "cures everything"? I do not think so. What he claimed is that vitamin C is so important that a deficiency can be dangerous. From personal experience I agree.
Nov 19, 2012
Rank: 2 / 5 (4)
Such as being OCD about theoretical physics in STR without ever doing one analysis of any of the 60 plus STR experiments of last 50 years with real data without claiming all the experimenters 'subconsciously' altered their data to agree with expectation.
Dont you realise their names would be up in lights if they had a result that went against understanding of the times, you obviously have never studied or experienced commercial psychology and public relations - is that WHY you dont get published ?
You keep going on at me for not answering questions, very strange when you CLAIM to know more about STR than I and YET have never done any analysis on any one STR experiment - why is that - are you a bit FixAted !
Each time I bring this STR example up you try so hard to ignore it, WHY ?
http://www.phys.u...adox.htm
Yet you 'want' me to derive the LF, its from Pythagoras (duh), its evident from the maths, get a grip johanfprins !
Nov 19, 2012
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
I have asked you time and again to first do a simple derivation by using the Lorentz transformation: I should have realised that in your case, where you only have ossified bone between your ears it is not possible: So let us see whether you are able to think:
A moving clock passes through a stationary clock and their times are synchronized to be zero. Ater a further time interval on the mov. clock tm, the clock has moved on to be a distance
Xm=v*tm (1)
from the stationary clock. LT this time and the position xm=0 of the moving clock within its OWN IRT:
ts=(beta)*tm (2)
This is the "time-dilation" formula.
BUT the LT distance between the clocks is:
xs=Xs=(beta)*v*tm=(beta)*Xm
The time on the moving clock is tm when the clocks are a distance Xm apart and the time on the stationary clock is ts when the clocks are a distance Xs apart, WHICH IS LARGER THAN Xm.
The time ts and tm are thus NOT simultaneous
Nov 19, 2012
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
When the time on the moving clock is tm, the distance Xm between the clocks can be calculated in terms of the time on either clock: Thus if at this instant the simultaneous time on the stationary clock is tss, one must have that Xm=v*tss=v*tm, so that tss must be equal to tm. Similarly when the distance is Xs, and the time on the stationary clock is ts, then the time on the moving clock MUIST also be ts.
The clocks must thus keep time at the same rate: The "time-dilation formula" cannot be caused by the moving clock keeping time at a slower rate, but by the fact that the LT time ts, is the same time as the time on the moving clock after it has moved on further to reach the distance Xs from the stationary clock!
Are you able to get this simple logic through your boney skull?
Nov 19, 2012
Rank: 1 / 5 (2)
Nov 20, 2012
Rank: not rated yet
Yeah, good luck with that.
Even on sites like this with a high density of seemingly intelligent liberal users phrases like "genetic modification" and "indefinite life extension" rustle many jimmies.
So I'm kinda not seeing how the whole evasion of natural selection is going to happen. Considering the ways of evading it seems to be such an offending topic.
Dec 03, 2012
Rank: 4 / 5 (12)
The space-time distance between the two events (clocks), is,...
Δσ = sqrt(Δr² - c² Δt²)
Dec 04, 2012
Rank: 1 / 5 (6)
Pauling calculated that if humans had a functioning GULO gene the average human would produce about 5 grams of vitamin C per day. The RDI is what, ~60mg? The great apes except humans get more than this through diet. Doesn't it make sense we would have the same requirements?
Dec 04, 2012
Rank: 2.8 / 5 (13)
Dec 04, 2012
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (13)
Why did you rate me a one in this thread?
Off topic? OK, that is reasonable, ..then why not rate your boy TheGhostofOtto1923, nor even johanfprins, nor mike?
Since, I know you will rate this post a one,...
This study explains why Obama won two terms.
Dec 05, 2012
Rank: 3.3 / 5 (14)
"Understanding the relationship between the brain and the mind – mind-body problem is one of the central issues in the history of PHILOsophy"
-WELL OF COURSE IT IS. More bang for the buck. The answer is simple - one exists, the other doesnt.
"There are three major PHILOsophical schools of thought concerning the answer: dualism, materialism, and idealism."
-None of which have led anywhere whatsoever. If you read the wiki article you can see the preponderance of PHILO references along with the gratuitous use of scientific links which do not use the specious word 'mind' at all. As it has no scientific utility.
http://en.wikiped...iki/Mind
-A philo scam.
"Minds are simply what brains do." minsky
http://www.leader...h03.html
-And so why do we need the word 'mind' which carries with it all the obsolete PHILO notions such as soul and consciousness and intuition? We have one very good word for discussing human thought. It is 'brain'.
Dec 06, 2012
Rank: 3.2 / 5 (13)
Dan dennett will also tell you that the mind is nothing more and nothing less than the brain. AND that what follows is that consciousness is an illusion.
http://www.ted.co...ess.html
Dec 06, 2012
Rank: 3.9 / 5 (11)
I already explained to you in the other thread, but I will do so again.
I don't suggest that the mind has anything other than a physical basis. I have never suggested any kind of mind-body duality, nor soul-like role for it. Indeed those philosophical notions are out-dated.
The distinction I make between a brain and mind, is simply this; The brain is a bio-mechanism that passively operates on physical sense data. The mind is the various cognitive faculties that actively facilitates ordering and synthesizing of experience, and includes the organization of the complex of the understanding.
Of course the words, 'mind', 'consciousness', and 'intuition', all denote phenomena that is experienced, and thus meaningful. Ultimately they all have a physical basis, yes.
Dec 06, 2012
Rank: 3.9 / 5 (11)
Dec 07, 2012
Rank: 3.5 / 5 (13)
Re your petulant profile, you need to include the names minsky and dennett, whose ideas I was only repeating.
Dec 07, 2012
Rank: 3.3 / 5 (12)
The word 'Farvergnugen' is worthless to auto mechanics just as the words 'mind' and 'consciousness' and 'soul' are worthless to scientists.
You guys and people like penrose still want to insist that there is something different about the brain as opposed to the liver or the spleen, or that the human brain differs from an animal brain in some fundamental ways. But all EVOLVED in response to environmental stimuli, and all can be explained thus.
Dec 07, 2012
Rank: 3.3 / 5 (12)
Dec 07, 2012
Rank: 3.8 / 5 (10)
Obviously, the identifiable phenomena of consciousness and awareness is an emergent property of the physical brain.
Awareness is the surest experience knowable in principal. To say that consciousness or the mind "doesn't exist", is only your faulty personal evidence. Are you aware or conscious of it not existing ?
It's a phenomenon, that is all that is meant. Why all of a sudden do you rely on philosophers?
Dec 07, 2012
Rank: 3.5 / 5 (13)
"...when the mind is regarded, in principle, in terms of what the brain may do, many questions that are usually considered to be philosophical can now be recognized as merely psychological-because the long-sought connections between mind and brain do not involve two separate worlds, but merely relate two points of view."
" To comprehend the relationship between mind and brain, we must understand the relationship between what things do and what things are; what something does is simply an aspect of that thing considered over some span of time."
" we don't yet know enough about the brain...In any case, if we agree that minds are simply what brains do, it makes no further sense to ask how minds do what they do."
"...this sense of having a Self is an elaborately constructed ILLUSION..."
-You OUGHT to explore the refs I post.
Dec 07, 2012
Rank: 3.3 / 5 (12)
Another book you never read:
"Consciousness Explained"
"One of the book's more controversial claims is that qualia do not (and cannot) exist. Dennett's main argument is that the various properties attributed to qualia by philosophers—qualia are supposed to be incorrigible, ineffable, private, directly accessible and so on—are incompatible, so the notion of qualia is incoherent. The non-existence of qualia would mean that there is no hard problem of consciousness, and "philosophical zombies", which are supposed to act like a human in every way while somehow lacking qualia, cannot exist."
http://en.wikiped..._Dennett