Salk Institute

Psychology & Psychiatry

Bipolar patients' brain cells predict response to lithium

The brain cells of patients with bipolar disorder, characterized by severe swings between depression and elation, are more sensitive to stimuli than other people's brain cells, researchers have discovered.

Medical research

How the cell's power station survives attacks

Mitochondria, the power generators in our cells, are essential for life. When they are under attack—from poisons, environmental stress or genetic mutations—cells wrench these power stations apart, strip out the damaged ...

Medical research

Pain and anxiety impact breathing on a cellular level

You're startled by a threatening sound, and your breath quickens; you smash your elbow and pant in pain. Why a person's breathing rate increases dramatically when they're hurting or anxious was not previously understood. ...

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