http://medicalxpress.com/cancer-news/ en-us Medical Xpress provides the latest news on cancer, health, medicines, cancer treatments, cancer research, cancer studies and types of cancer. By studying the roles two proteins, thrombospondin-1 and prosaposin, play in discouraging cancer metastasis, a trans-Atlantic research team has identified a five-amino acid fragment of prosaposin that significantly reduces metastatic spread in mouse models of prostate, breast and lung cancer. The findings suggest that a prosaposin-based drug could potentially block metastasis in a variety of cancers. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-cancer-environment-halt.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 17:20:05 EST news288375375 A novel transcriptome-based classification of colon cancer that improves the current disease stratification based on clinicopathological variables and common DNA markers is presented in a study published in PLOS Medicine this week. (A transcriptome is all RNA produced by a population of cells.) Pr. Pierre Laurent-Puig and colleagues from INSERM in Paris, France used genetic information from a French multicenter study supported by the "Ligue contre le cancer" to identify a standard, reproducible molecular classification based on gene expression analysis of colorectal cancer. The authors also assessed whether there were any associations between the identified molecular subtypes and clinical and pathological factors, common DNA alterations, and prognosis. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-rna-based-classification-colorectal-cancer.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 17:00:04 EST news288374223 A study of veterans at high risk for developing lung cancer shows that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) can be highly effective in helping clinicians spot tiny lung nodules which, in a small number of patients, may indicate the earliest stages of the disease. LDCT uses less than a quarter of the radiation of a conventional CT scan. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-scans-cancer-earliest-stages.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 15:18:35 EST news288368304 An attack on glioblastoma brain tumor cells that uses a modified poliovirus is showing encouraging results in an early study to establish the proper dose level, researchers at Duke Cancer Institute report. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-poliovirus-vaccine-trial-early-recurrent.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 13:31:22 EST news288361876 The surgical management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in U.S. hospitals varies widely depending on the race of the patient, according to a new study. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-racial-disparities-surgical-non-small-cell.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 09:50:01 EST news288347131 Treatment with an Alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (A1-PI), a naturally occurring protein that protects lung tissue from breakdown and protects the lung's elasticity, is effective in slowing the progression of emphysema in patients with Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), a life-threatening genetic disorder, according to a new study presented at the 2013 American Thoracic Society International Conference. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-treatment-a1-pi-emphysema-alpha-antitrypsin.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 09:27:19 EST news288347219 Scientists from Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and Lund University, Sweden, have bioengineered a novel molecule which has been proven to successfully kill tumour cells. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-tumour-killer-great-suppressing-cancers.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 09:10:02 EST news288344824 An article published on the journal Nature describes the major role that Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) —an enzyme of cellular energy metabolism— plays in the regulation of the cellular senescence induced by the oncogene BRAF, which usually appears mutated in melanoma and other cancers. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-factor-oncogene-induced-senescence.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 08:46:11 EST news288344761 (Medical Xpress)—Scientists at the School of Medicine have shown that their previously identified therapeutic approach to fight cancer via immune cells called macrophages also prompts the disease-fighting killer T cells to attack the cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-anti-cd47-antibody-route-successful-cancer.html Cancer Tue, 21 May 2013 07:21:45 EST news288339694 Older prostate cancer patients with other underlying health conditions should think twice before committing to surgery or radiation therapy for their cancer, according to a multicenter study led by researchers in the UCLA Department of Urology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-older-prostate-cancer-patients-treatment.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 17:44:42 EST news288290675 Intensity-modulated radiation therapy has become the most commonly used type of radiation in prostate cancer, but research from the University of North Carolina suggests that the therapy may not be more effective than older, less expensive forms of radiation therapy in patients who have had a prostatectomy. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-radiotherapy-treatments-similar-morbidity-cancer.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 16:00:03 EST news288284199 New research suggests that a compound abundant in the Mediterranean diet takes away cancer cells' "superpower" to escape death. By altering a very specific step in gene regulation, this compound essentially re-educates cancer cells into normal cells that die as scheduled. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-compound-mediterranean-diet-cancer-cells.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 15:40:33 EST news288283224 (HealthDay)—For young adults needing either a chest or abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT), the short-term risk of death from underlying morbidity is greater than the long-term risk of radiation-induced cancer, according to a study published in the May issue of Radiology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-ct-indicator.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 14:20:01 EST news288273516 In a new study described in the journal Oncogene, researchers reveal how a key player in cell growth, immunity and the inflammatory response can be transformed into a primary contributor to tumor growth. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-team-mechanism-linking-key-inflammatory.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 09:08:29 EST news288259702 A new study conducted using extensive medical records of over one million Israeli adolescents before military service shows clearly how exposure to the Israeli sun of young, light-skinned children increases substantially the risk of cutaneous melanoma (a serious form of skin cancer). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-young-israelis-emphasizes-sun-exposure.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 07:10:42 EST news288252635 A new measure of the heterogeneity – the variety of genetic mutations – of cells within a tumor appears to predict treatment outcomes of patients with the most common type of head and neck cancer. In the May 20 issue of the journal Cancer, investigators at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary describe how their measure was a better predictor of survival than most traditional risk factors in a small group of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-genetic-diversity-tumors-outcome-neck.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 03:10:04 EST news288237167 Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a promising method to distinguish between pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis—two disorders that are difficult to tell apart. A molecular marker obtained from pancreatic "juices" can identify almost all cases of pancreatic cancer, their study shows. The findings were being presented at Digestive Disease Week 2013 in Orlando, Fla. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-molecular-marker-pancreatic-juices-cancer.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 02:50:02 EST news288236219 The use of a smartphone application significantly improves patients' preparation for a colonoscopy, according to new research presented today at Digestive Disease Week (DDW). The preparation process, which begins days in advance of the procedure, includes dietary restrictions and requires specific bowel preparation medication to be taken at strict intervals. The better the preparation, the easier it is for doctors to see cancer and precancerous polyps in the colon. The study, which was conducted by the gastroenterologists of Arizona Digestive Health in Phoenix, featured the first doctor-designed app of its kind. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-smartphone-application-colonoscopy.html Cancer Sun, 19 May 2013 02:10:01 EST news288146396 Research presented at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) explores new methods for managing digestive health through diet and lifestyle. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-methods-digestive-health.html Cancer Sun, 19 May 2013 01:50:01 EST news288146269 A ground-breaking advance in colonoscopy technology signals the future of colorectal care, according to research presented today at Digestive Disease Week(DDW). Additional research focuses on optimizing the minimal withdrawal time for colonoscopies and exploring safer methods for removing polyps. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-colonoscope-ground-breaking-view-colon.html Cancer Sat, 18 May 2013 11:07:15 EST news288094025 (HealthDay)—Concurrent use of two immune checkpoint antibodies—ipilimumab and nivolumab—may be effective for the treatment of advanced melanoma, according to a proof-of-principal study presented in advance of the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, held from May 31 to June 4 in Chicago. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-asco-combo-antibody-therapy-effective.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 16:00:01 EST news288020743 (HealthDay)—The risks of metastasis and death associated with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) are low, but significant, and risk factors for poor outcome include tumor diameter, invasion beyond fat, poor differentiation, and location, according to a study published in the May issue of JAMA Dermatology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-factors-idd-poor-cutaneous-cell.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 15:30:01 EST news288020638 A new review finds cancer survivors suffer a diverse and complex set of impairments, affecting virtually every organ system. Writing in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Julie Silver, M.D., associate professor at Harvard Medical School, and colleagues say a majority of cancer survivors will have significant physical and psychological impairments as a result of treatments, and that these often go undetected and/or untreated, resulting in disability. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-physical-amp-emotional-impairments-common.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 10:59:29 EST news288007108 (AP)—A California doctor has been sentenced to 14 years in federal prison for bilking her patients out of more than $1 million by promising that an herbal supplement could cure late-stage cancer and other diseases. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-doctor-cancer-sentencing.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 10:30:01 EST news288003915 A new oral targeted drug, idelalisib (GS-1101), has the potential to stave off the need for additional treatments for relapsed or treatment-resistant chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to a study led in part by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute investigators. In a phase 1 clinical trial, the drug produced rapid and long-lasting tumor shrinkage in about two-thirds of patients, stalling disease progression for 17 months, on average. The activity of the drug is noteworthy, given that the patients had an average of five prior therapies. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-protein-targeting-drug-early-trial-patients.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 08:50:01 EST news287996211 Sleeping sickness kills tens of thousands of people in Africa each year. Current chemotherapies are subject to various limitations, including resistance. Rhodesain, an enzyme of the parasites that cause this illness (human African trypanosomiasis), has emerged as a target for new drug candidates. Scientists led by F. Diederich (ETH Zürich) studied the molecular recognition properties of rhodesain and developed a series of triazine nitrile inhibitors as lead compounds using structure-based molecular modeling. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-awakening-drugs-sickness.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 07:54:03 EST news287996023 (Medical Xpress)—Most cancer patients would like to talk about the cost of their care with their doctors, but often don't because they fear the discussion could compromise the quality of their treatment, researchers at Duke Cancer Institute report. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-doctors-discuss-financial-cancer-patients.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 06:57:55 EST news287992655 When Dexter the cocker spaniel tore a ligament in his hind leg a few weeks ago, he didn't suffer in silence. Instead, his owner blogged about. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-pet-lovers-blogging.html Cancer Fri, 17 May 2013 05:00:01 EST news287983856 (HealthDay)—Men who are physically fit in middle age have a lower risk of developing and dying from certain cancers, new research indicates. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-middle-age-shield-men-cancer.html Cancer Thu, 16 May 2013 17:00:05 EST news287939469 (HealthDay)—An experimental drug that taps the power of the body's immune system to fight cancer is shrinking tumors in patients for whom other treatments have failed, an early study shows. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-drug-immune-cancer.html Cancer Thu, 16 May 2013 16:30:02 EST news287939115