http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic colistin are also commonly resistant to antimicrobial substances made by the human body, according to a study in mBio, the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology. Cross-resistance to colistin and host antimicrobials LL-37 and lysozyme, which help defend the body against bacterial attack, could mean that patients with life-threatening multi-drug resistant infections are also saddled with a crippled immune response. Colistin is a last-line drug for treating several kinds of drug-resistant infections, but colistin resistance and the drug's newfound impacts on bacterial resistance to immune attack underscore the need for newer, better antibiotics. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-resistance-last-line-antibiotic-bacteria-resistant.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 21 May 2013 00:00:01 EST news288291710 A Mediterranean diet with added extra virgin olive oil or mixed nuts seems to improve the brain power of older people better than advising them to follow a low-fat diet, indicates research published online in the Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-mediterranean-diet-boost-ageing-brain.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 20 May 2013 18:30:03 EST news288291448 More people are being diagnosed with eating disorders every year and the most common type is not either of the two most well known—bulimia or anorexia—but eating disorders not otherwise specified (eating disorders that don't quite reach the threshold to be defined as anorexia or bulimia), shows a study published online in BMJ Open. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-incidence-disorders-uk.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 20 May 2013 18:30:02 EST news288291496 Bed sharing with parents is linked to a fivefold increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), even when the parents are non-smokers and the mother has not been drinking alcohol and does not use illegal drugs, according to a large analysis published online in BMJ Open. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-bed-parents-cot-death-fivefold.html Health Mon, 20 May 2013 18:30:01 EST news288291534 (Medical Xpress)—A research team, led by Jeremy Barr, a biology post-doctoral fellow, unveils a new immune system that protects humans and animals from infection. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-immune.html Immunology Mon, 20 May 2013 18:27:22 EST news288293224 (AP)—Federal investigators probing the hantavirus outbreak blamed for three deaths at Yosemite National Park recommend that design changes to tent cabins and other lodging run by private concessionaires first be reviewed by National Park Service officials. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-nps-hantavirus-response-policy.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 18:20:01 EST news288291216 Women who smoke during pregnancy increase the risk of both obesity and gestational diabetes, in their daughters, concludes research published in Diabetologia, the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. The study is by Dr Kristina Mattsson, Lund University, Sweden, and colleagues including Dr Matthew Longnecker from the National Institute on Environmental Health Sciences at the U.S.National Institutes of Health, North Carolina, USA. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-women-pregnancy-obesity-gestational-diabetes.html Diabetes Mon, 20 May 2013 18:00:02 EST news288291392 Doctors tell people with a heart-zapping device in their chests to give up intense sports like basketball and soccer in favor of golf or bowling. But lots of patients ignore that advice—and now new research is challenging it. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-sports-heart-zapping-device.html Health Mon, 20 May 2013 18:00:01 EST news288291001 Vermont became on Monday the third US state to legalize physician-assisted suicide. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-vermont-state-legalize-suicide.html Other Mon, 20 May 2013 17:48:28 EST news288290896 Older prostate cancer patients with other underlying health conditions should think twice before committing to surgery or radiation therapy for their cancer, according to a multicenter study led by researchers in the UCLA Department of Urology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-older-prostate-cancer-patients-treatment.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 17:44:42 EST news288290675 A new diagnostic test for a worm infection that can lead to severe enlargement and deformities of the legs and genitals is far more sensitive than the currently used test, according to results of a field study in Liberia, in West Africa, where the infection is endemic. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-elephantiasis-worm-infection.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 17:44:05 EST news288290637 While Huntington's disease (HD) is currently incurable, the HD research community anticipates that new disease-modifying therapies in development may slow or minimize disease progression. The success of HD research depends upon the identification of reliable and sensitive biomarkers to track disease and evaluate therapies, and these biomarkers may eventually be used as outcome measures in clinical trials. Biomarkers could be especially helpful to monitor changes during the time prior to diagnosis and appearance of overt symptomatology. Three reports in the current issue of the Journal of Huntington's Disease explore the potential of neuroimaging, proteomic analysis of brain tissue, and plasma inflammatory markers as biomarkers for Huntington's disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-elusive-biomarkers-huntington-disease.html Neuroscience Mon, 20 May 2013 17:42:08 EST news288290520 University of Minnesota Medical School researchers from the Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, in partnership with the University's Brain Tumor Program, have developed a new mouse model of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) that allow them to discover new genes and gene pathways driving this type of cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-malignant-peripheral-nerve-sheath-tumors.html Genetics Mon, 20 May 2013 17:41:35 EST news288290452 Turns out, that old "practice makes perfect" adage may be overblown. New research led by Michigan State University's Zach Hambrick finds that a copious amount of practice is not enough to explain why people differ in level of skill in two widely studied activities, chess and music. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-practice-makes-perfect-not-so.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 20 May 2013 17:31:35 EST news288289888 Nearly 20 percent of kidneys that are recovered from deceased donors in the U.S. are refused for transplant due to factors ranging from scarring in small blood vessels of the kidney's filtering units to the organ going too long without blood or oxygen. But, what if instead of being discarded, these organs could be "recycled" to help solve the critical shortage of donor organs? http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-source-kidneys-transplant.html Medical research Mon, 20 May 2013 16:20:04 EST news288284721 A Saudi man who had contracted the coronavirus has died, raising the death toll in the kingdom from the SARS-like virus to 16, the health ministry announced on Monday on its Internet website. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-sars-like-virus-life-saudi.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 16:20:02 EST news288284908 A new "telerehabilitation" approach lets physical therapists assess patients with low back pain (LBP) over the Internet, with good accuracy compared with face-to-face examinations, reports a study in the May 15 issue of Spine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-telerehabilitation-accurate-patients-pain.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 16:10:01 EST news288284457 Little is known about the effect of physical education (PE) on child weight, but a new study from Cornell University finds that increasing the amount of time that elementary schoolchildren spent in gym class reduces the probability of obesity. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-gym-class-probability-obesity.html Health Mon, 20 May 2013 16:06:33 EST news288284785 (Medical Xpress)—Individuals who learn two languages at an early age seem to switch back and forth between separate "sound systems" for each language, according to new research conducted at the University of Arizona. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-bilinguals-languages.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 20 May 2013 16:06:05 EST news288284757 Video games that pit players against human-looking characters may be more likely to provoke violent thoughts and words than games where monstrous creatures are the enemy, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Connecticut and Wake Forest University. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-human-like-opponents-aggression-video-game.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 20 May 2013 16:04:23 EST news288284652 Hospitals with the highest rates of cardiac arrests tend to have the poorest survival rates for those cases, new University of Michigan Health System research shows. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-hospitals-cardiac-incidence-survival.html Cardiology Mon, 20 May 2013 16:00:05 EST news288284061 A study by Alexandra L. C. Martiniuk, M.Sc, Ph.D., of The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia, and colleagues suggests less sleep per night is associated with a significant increase in the risk for motor vehicle crashes for young drivers. (Online First) http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-young-drivers.html Pediatrics Mon, 20 May 2013 16:00:04 EST news288284114 Intensity-modulated radiation therapy has become the most commonly used type of radiation in prostate cancer, but research from the University of North Carolina suggests that the therapy may not be more effective than older, less expensive forms of radiation therapy in patients who have had a prostatectomy. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-radiotherapy-treatments-similar-morbidity-cancer.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 16:00:03 EST news288284199 A study of older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suggests that new use of the long-acting bronchodilators β-agonists and anticholinergics was associated with similar increased risks of cardiovascular events, according to a study published Online First by JAMA Internal Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-bronchodilators-cardiovascular-events.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 16:00:03 EST news288284274 A clinical trial of 75 patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) suggests that aggressive fluid and sodium restriction has no effect on weight loss or clinical stability at three days but was associated with an increase in perceived thirst, according to a study published Online First by JAMA Internal Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-effect-fluid-sodium-restrictions-weight.html Cardiology Mon, 20 May 2013 16:00:01 EST news288284337 Discovering that mouse hair has a circadian clock - a 24-hour cycle of growth followed by restorative repair - researchers suspect that hair loss in humans from toxic cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy might be minimized if these treatments are given late in the day. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-discovery-circadian-clock-mice-hair.html Medical research Mon, 20 May 2013 15:53:42 EST news288284014 New research suggests that a compound abundant in the Mediterranean diet takes away cancer cells' "superpower" to escape death. By altering a very specific step in gene regulation, this compound essentially re-educates cancer cells into normal cells that die as scheduled. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-compound-mediterranean-diet-cancer-cells.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 15:40:33 EST news288283224 Nearly three out of four pregnant women experience constipation, diarrhea or other bowel disorders during their pregnancies, a Loyola University Medical Center study has found. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-percent-pregnant-women-constipation-bowel.html Obstetrics & gynaecology Mon, 20 May 2013 15:38:22 EST news288283088 Researchers from King's College London have for the first time used a novel form of MRI to identify crucial developmental processes in the brain that are vulnerable to the effects of premature birth. This new study, published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), shows that disruption of these specific processes can have an impact on cognitive function. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-premature-birth-vital-brain-cognitive.html Neuroscience Mon, 20 May 2013 15:00:24 EST news288271189 Whooping cough has exploded in the United States and some other developed countries in recent decades, and many experts suspect ineffective childhood vaccines for the alarming resurgence. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-explanations-whooping-resurgence-dont-scrutiny.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 15:00:15 EST news288270470