http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. (Medical Xpress)—Bullying because of perceived sexual orientation is prevalent among school-aged youths, according to a study led by Donald Patrick, professor of health services at the UW School of Public Health. The study was published online May 16 in the American Journal of Public Health. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-youth-bullying-sexual-widespread.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 20 May 2013 09:40:01 EST news288260385 Over the past few decades, neuroscientists have made much progress in mapping the brain by deciphering the functions of individual neurons that perform very specific tasks, such as recognizing the location or color of an object. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-neurons-multitask-greatly-brain-power.html Neuroscience Mon, 20 May 2013 09:33:40 EST news288261161 (Medical Xpress)—Life-saving CPR has been a foundation of emergency medicine for more than a half century. But researchers at the University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix are continuing to refine the procedure, with a new study concluding that improving the quality and effectiveness of CPR can have a dramatic impact on survival from a cardiac arrest. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-cpr-quality.html Cardiology Mon, 20 May 2013 09:30:02 EST news288260359 Patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) typically suffer from depression more frequently than those without COPD, resulting in higher levels of disability and illness and increasing the overall healthcare burden for the COPD population. Now, a study from researchers in Argentina indicates female COPD patients and patients who experience significant shortness of breath may have the greatest risk for developing depression. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-factors-depression-copd-patients.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 09:11:39 EST news288259890 Many studies have shown that men and women who suffer from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) - a disorder that causes breathing to halt intermittently during sleep – have a higher mortality rate than those who do not have the disorder. Now, a study from researchers at the Cleveland Clinic shows that OSA patients who also have poor functional capacity have an even greater risk of mortality and suggests that an assessment of functional capacity in this population can help physicians identify patients most at risk for death. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-stress-mortality-apnea-patients.html Sleep apnea Mon, 20 May 2013 09:11:17 EST news288259870 Research presented at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) explores pharmaceutical advances for treating irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) and hepatitis C. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-pharmaceutical-advances-options-health-outcomes.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 09:10:55 EST news288259848 A metabolic profile of intensive care unit (ICU) patients based on biomarkers of four metabolites can be used to accurately predict mortality, according to a new study. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-metabolic-biomarkers-mortality-icu.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 09:10:18 EST news288259812 In ICU patients who have septic shock, the anatomic source of infection has a strong effect on the chances of survival, according to a new study from researchers in Canada. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-source-infection-affects-hospital-mortality.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 09:09:50 EST news288259780 In a new study described in the journal Oncogene, researchers reveal how a key player in cell growth, immunity and the inflammatory response can be transformed into a primary contributor to tumor growth. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-team-mechanism-linking-key-inflammatory.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 09:08:29 EST news288259702 Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at higher risk of melanoma, a form of skin cancer, report researchers at Mayo Clinic. Researchers found that IBD is associated with a 37 percent greater risk for the disease. The findings were presented at the Digestive Disease Week 2013 conference in Orlando, Fla. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-inflammatory-bowel-disease-melanoma.html Inflammatory disorders Mon, 20 May 2013 09:07:34 EST news288259645 The number of young people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has seen the sharpest rise over the last twenty years compared to a background of a general increase across the board, new University research has found. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-diabetes-young.html Diabetes Mon, 20 May 2013 08:10:01 EST news288253876 Siemens has presented the world's first ultrasound system with wireless transducers. The system's transducers, which can be easily operated with one hand, transmit ultrasound images via radio waves to the screen on the base console. The elimination of cables is particularly helpful in operations or during invasive procedures in which the needle visualization needs to be monitored using ultrasound technology. That's because transducer cables can obstruct the people who operate the machines, and despite their sterile protective coverings, the cables can pose a risk in terms of infections. The wireless Acuson Freestyle system transducers function reliably up to three meters from the console and are equipped with remote control buttons for adjusting the image settings. To make wireless data transmission possible, Siemens engineers sharply reduced the amount of data that must be transferred between the transducer and the console. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-wireless-ultrasound-transducers-physicians.html Other Mon, 20 May 2013 08:00:01 EST news288252886 A major new report on a procedure that aims to reduce the duration of care proceedings for children has found it made no significant difference to what happened in court, and cases lasted just as long regardless of whether they involved the 'pre-proceedings' process. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-pre-proceedings-length-proceedings-cases-court.html Health Mon, 20 May 2013 07:50:03 EST news288253812 New research undertaken on the streets of Richmond and Abbotsford has revealed increasing health risks for people who inject drugs and significant community concern over the impact of injecting in public areas. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-reveals-impact.html Health Mon, 20 May 2013 07:50:02 EST news288252792 (Medical Xpress)—Patients with the most severe and dangerous form of chronic anorexia are more likely to make a significant improvement towards recovery and stay in therapy if traditional psychological treatments are re-focused from weight gain to quality of life issues. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-rethinking-treatment-goals-results-untreatable.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 20 May 2013 07:40:05 EST news288252713 (Medical Xpress)—Scientists at King's College London have discovered that Vitamin D has the potential to significantly reduce the symptoms of asthma. The study, led by Professor Catherine Hawrylowicz from the MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma at King's, was published today in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and highlights Vitamin D as a possible new treatment for the condition. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-vitamin-d-effective-treatments-asthma.html Immunology Mon, 20 May 2013 07:40:01 EST news288253463 (Medical Xpress)—Flinders University researchers are breaking new ground in a decade-long journey to pinpoint the function of two closely related proteins. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-uncovers-potential-role-proteins-diabetes.html Diabetes Mon, 20 May 2013 07:29:17 EST news288253750 Every 20 seconds, a limb is lost as a consequence of diabetic foot ulcer that does not heal. To date, medical solutions that can change this situation are very limited. In his doctoral thesis Yue Shen from the Industrial Doctoral School and the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics at Umeå University presented a novel medicine for chronic wound treatment that may completely change the lives of millions of patients. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-discovery-medicine-treatment-chronic-wounds.html Medical research Mon, 20 May 2013 07:20:03 EST news288252654 When tumours metastasise, they can block lymphatic vessels, as researchers from ETH Zurich have discovered using a new method. The lymphatic fluid subsequently has to find a new path through the tissue. Such "detours" could well be the reason why metastasis misdiagnoses can occur in hospitals. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-lymphatic-fluid-detour.html Medical research Mon, 20 May 2013 07:18:59 EST news288253128 Finnish researchers have shown that genetic marker information can improve risk evaluation of coronary heart disease. The study comprised over 24,000 Finnish subjects and was led by Professor Samuli Ripatti. The results revealed that a panel of 28 genetic markers improved detection of individuals with high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) (10-year risk ≥20%) over traditional risk factors. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-genetic-screening-reveal-hidden-high.html Cardiology Mon, 20 May 2013 07:12:24 EST news288252731 A new study conducted using extensive medical records of over one million Israeli adolescents before military service shows clearly how exposure to the Israeli sun of young, light-skinned children increases substantially the risk of cutaneous melanoma (a serious form of skin cancer). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-young-israelis-emphasizes-sun-exposure.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 07:10:42 EST news288252635 (Medical Xpress)—The feared Legionella pneumophila is responsible for legionellosis, an infectious disease that can lead to pneumonia. To infect humans, this pathogen has developed a complex method that allows it to camouflage itself and pass unnoticed inside our cells, thus preventing them from fighting against it. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-mechanism-legionella-body.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 07:09:40 EST news288252573 (Medical Xpress)—A powerful new way of imaging kidneys is providing scientists with insights into the importance of the body's filtering system and how it is affected by cardiovascular disease, stroke and other health concerns. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-powerful-imaging-tool-kidneys-secrets.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 07:09:14 EST news288252536 Melbourne researchers have identified an immune protein that has the potential to stop or reverse the development of type 1 diabetes in its early stages, before insulin-producing cells have been destroyed. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-immune-protein-diabetes-tracks.html Immunology Mon, 20 May 2013 06:22:51 EST news288249285 More than a decade ago, British parents refused to give measles shots to at least a million children because of a vaccine scare that raised the specter of autism. Now, health officials are scrambling to catch up and stop a growing epidemic of the contagious disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-measles-surges-uk-years-vaccine.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 20 May 2013 06:13:41 EST news288249210 (AP)—Former Navy Secretary Richard J. Danzig, who has served as a bio-warfare adviser to the president, the Pentagon, and the Department of Homeland Security, urged the government to stockpile an anti-anthrax drug while serving as a director for the company that supplied it, according to a report published Sunday. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-board-firm-sold-anthrax-drug.html Medications Mon, 20 May 2013 04:56:44 EST news288244596 (AP)—Sunbathers this summer will find new sunscreen labels that are designed to make the products more effective and easier to use. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-consumer-group-flags-high-spf.html Health Mon, 20 May 2013 04:53:39 EST news288244351 Emergency physicians are key decisionmakers for nearly half of all hospital admissions, highlighting a critical role they can play in reducing health care costs, according to a new report from the RAND Corporation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-er-docs-key-health.html Health Mon, 20 May 2013 03:20:01 EST news288237272 A new measure of the heterogeneity – the variety of genetic mutations – of cells within a tumor appears to predict treatment outcomes of patients with the most common type of head and neck cancer. In the May 20 issue of the journal Cancer, investigators at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary describe how their measure was a better predictor of survival than most traditional risk factors in a small group of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-genetic-diversity-tumors-outcome-neck.html Cancer Mon, 20 May 2013 03:10:04 EST news288237167 Optimal treatment of sleep apnea in patients with prediabetes improves blood sugar (glucose) levels and thus can reduce cardiometabolic risk, according to a study to be presented at the ATS 2013 International Conference in Philadelphia. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-treatment-apnea-glucose-prediabetes.html Sleep apnea Mon, 20 May 2013 03:10:01 EST news288237426