http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress provides the latest news from Infectious Diseases Society of America Despite the desperate need for new antibiotics to combat increasingly deadly resistant bacteria, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved only one new systemic antibiotic since the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) launched its 10 x '20 Initiative in 2010—and that drug was approved two and a half years ago. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-superbug-crisis-antibiotic-alarmingly-elusive.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 18 Apr 2013 00:00:03 EST news285436359 Results from a new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases suggest a link between untreated depression in older adults and decreased effectiveness of the herpes zoster, or shingles, vaccine. Older adults are known to be at risk for shingles, a painful condition caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, and more than a million new cases occur each year in the U.S. The vaccine boosts cell-mediated immunity to the virus and can decrease the incidence and severity of the condition. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-link-untreated-depression-response-shingles.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 14 Feb 2013 02:36:33 EST news280031767 A new study suggests that patients with influenza can emit small virus-containing particles into the surrounding air during routine patient care, potentially exposing health care providers to influenza. Published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, the findings raise the possibility that current influenza infection control recommendations may not always be adequate to protect providers from influenza during routine patient care in hospitals. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-patients-emit-small-influenza-containing-particles.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 31 Jan 2013 00:00:01 EST news278789633 Pediatric rotavirus vaccination also indirectly protects unvaccinated adults from the highly contagious cause of severe diarrhea and vomiting, suggests a new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases and available online. The findings suggest pediatric immunization against the virus may be more cost effective than previously thought, given rotavirus-related health care costs among adults. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-vaccinating-children-rotavirus-indirectly-adults.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 24 Jan 2013 00:00:01 EST news278184322 Among HIV patients receiving well-organized care with free access to antiretroviral therapy, those who smoke lose more years of life to smoking than to HIV, according to a Danish study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases and available online. The findings highlight the importance of smoking cessation efforts in the long-term, integrated care of patients infected with HIV. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-hiv-patients-years-life-infection.html HIV & AIDS Wed, 19 Dec 2012 00:00:02 EST news275073204 A new study suggests that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women at or after menopause may represent an infection acquired years ago, and that HPV infections may exist below limits of detection after one to two years, similar to other viruses, such as varicella zoster, which can cause shingles. The study, published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases and available online, highlights the need for additional research to better understand HPV infections and the role of HPV persistence and reactivation, particularly in women of the baby boomer generation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-hpv-older-women-due-reactivation.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 13 Dec 2012 00:00:01 EST news274555360 Of the one million people each year who get hips and knees replaced, as many as 20,000 will get an infection in the new joint, a number that is expected to skyrocket in the next 20 years. Multispecialty physician teams need to work together to reduce disability, death and costs associated with the ever-growing number of these prosthetic joint infections, note the first guidelines on the topic being released by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-idsa-guidelines-aim-death-disability.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 07 Dec 2012 02:50:05 EST news274070013 A new study of the safety of the tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine supports the recommendation that those 65 and older get the vaccine to protect themselves and others, particularly young babies, from pertussis. Published online in Clinical Infectious Diseases, the findings come as reported U.S. cases of the bacterial infection, also known as whopping cough, are at the highest level since the 1950s. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-safety-whooping-vaccine-older-adults.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 29 Nov 2012 00:00:04 EST news273344613 As youth infected at birth with HIV reach adolescence and young adulthood, a new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases underscores the need to promote healthy behaviors as some of these young people become sexually active. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-interventions-healthy-behaviors-perinatally-hiv-infected.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 08 Nov 2012 02:49:59 EST news271565387 Improved treatment options, a multi-pronged treatment model, and federal funding from the Ryan White Program have helped an inner city Baltimore clinic improve outcomes for HIV patients across all groups, including those most often hardest hit by the disease. Published in Clinical Infectious Diseases, the results from the 15-year analysis of patients at a clinic serving a primarily poor, African-American patient population with high rates of injection drug use demonstrate what state-of-the-art HIV care can achieve, given appropriate support. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-effective-hiv-benefited-patients-demographics.html HIV & AIDS Fri, 28 Sep 2012 05:30:01 EST news268026105 Children living in low-income urban areas appear especially prone to developing asthma, possibly related to infections they acquire early in life. In a new study in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, available online, researchers from the University of Wisconsin in Madison investigated viral respiratory illnesses and their possible role in the development of asthma in urban versus suburban babies. The differences in viral illness patterns they found provide insights that could help guide the development of new asthma treatments in children. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-city-infants-patterns-viral-respiratory.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Wed, 26 Sep 2012 00:00:01 EST news267807835 In states where medical exemptions from vaccination requirements for kindergarten students are easier to get, exemption rates are higher, potentially compromising herd immunity and posing a threat to children and others who truly should not be immunized because of underlying conditions, according to a study published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases and now available online. Nationwide in scope, the study found inconsistency among states in standards allowing medical exemptions from school immunization requirements. The investigators concluded that medical exemptions should be monitored and continuously evaluated to ensure they are used appropriately. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-explores-medical-exemptions-school-vaccination.html Health Thu, 30 Aug 2012 00:20:01 EST news265479925 When water containing the Naegleria fowleri ameba, a single-celled organism, enters the nose, the organisms may migrate to the brain, causing primary amebic meningoencephalitis, a very rare—but usually fatal—disease. A new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases describes the first reported cases in the United States implicating nasal irrigation using disinfected tap water in these infections. Now available online, the study highlights the changing epidemiology of this uncommon disease, as well as the importance of using appropriately treated water for nasal irrigation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-epidemiology-rare-disease-links-sinus.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 23 Aug 2012 00:20:01 EST news264874993 [EMBARGOED FOR JULY 18, 2012] In a long-term study of people infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), researchers found increased deaths from both liver-related and non-liver related diseases in patients with active infections who had not cleared their infection. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-hepatitis-deaths-liver-related-diseases.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Wed, 18 Jul 2012 00:00:02 EST news261759084 A new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases and available online shows how seasonal changes in outpatient antibiotic use – retail sales of antibiotics typically get a boost during the winter – can significantly alter seasonal patterns of drug resistance. The findings suggest that hospital campaigns to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use should be coordinated with efforts in the broader community if they are to be most effective. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-role-seasonal-antibiotic-resistance.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 02 Jul 2012 04:31:28 EST news260422261