http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress provides the latest news from University of Chicago Medical Center Local chemical signals released by fat cells in the mammary gland appear to provide a crucial link between exposure to unrelenting social stressors early in life, and the subsequent development of breast cancer, researchers from the University of Chicago report in the July 2013 issue of the journal Cancer Prevention Research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-06-fat-cells-breast-social-stress.html Cancer Tue, 18 Jun 2013 13:22:04 EST news290780516 The ability to distinguish between odors declines steadily with age, but a new study shows that African-Americans have a much greater decrease in their sense of smell than Caucasians. This can have serious consequences. Olfactory loss often leads to impaired nutrition. It also may be an early warning sign of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's, and can predict death. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-06-age-related-loss-significantly-worse-african-americans.html Health Wed, 12 Jun 2013 18:10:23 EST news290279415 In the first genome-wide association study to focus on warfarin dose requirement in African-Americans, a multi-institutional team of researchers has identified a common genetic variation that can help physicians estimate the correct dose of the widely used blood-thinning drug warfarin. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-06-team-genetic-variant-warfarin-dosing.html Medications Tue, 04 Jun 2013 18:30:02 EST news289562531 A high percentage of African-American women with breast cancer who were evaluated at a university cancer-risk clinic were found to carry inherited genetic mutations that increase their risk for breast cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-06-mutations-susceptibility-genes-common-younger.html Cancer Mon, 03 Jun 2013 09:53:10 EST news289471982 Since the 1980s, doctors and patients have been encouraged to share decision making. Proponents argue that this approach promotes doctor-patient communication, enhances patient satisfaction, improves health outcomes, and even may lower cost. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-doctors-patients-decisions-hospital.html Health Mon, 27 May 2013 16:00:05 EST news288873838 Teams of highly respected Alzheimer's researchers failed to replicate what appeared to be breakthrough results for the treatment of this brain disease when they were published last year in the journal Science. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-multiple-teams-unable-high-profile-alzheimer.html Alzheimer's disease & dementia Thu, 23 May 2013 14:00:13 EST news288536227 In a study recently published in IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, neurobiologists at the University of Chicago show how an organism can sense a tactile stimulus, in real time, through an artificial sensor in a prosthetic hand. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-prosthetic.html Neuroscience Fri, 10 May 2013 08:44:06 EST news287394236 A new, multinational randomized clinical trial has found that patients with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa will not only stick with treatments but also make significant improvements with just a slight modification of the standard goals and methods of treatment. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-rethinking-treatment-goals-results-persistent.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 08 May 2013 09:30:07 EST news287223288 A new study looking at the genomes of more than 1,500 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a rare and devastating lung disease, found multiple genetic associations with the disease, including one gene variant that was linked to an increase in the risk of death. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-gene-pulmonary-fibrosis.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 16 Apr 2013 19:00:03 EST news285354005 About 90 percent of children with two copies of a common genetic variation and who wheezed when they caught a cold early in life went on to develop asthma by age 6, according to a study to be published March 28 by the New England Journal of Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-childhood-asthma-tied-combination-genes.html Immunology Wed, 27 Mar 2013 17:00:07 EST news283618892 A region of the brain known to play a key role in visual and spatial processing has a parallel function: sorting visual information into categories, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Chicago. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-region-functions-brain-cells-multitasking.html Neuroscience Wed, 06 Mar 2013 12:00:01 EST news281792565 Men with low-risk prostate cancer who previously had to choose between aggressive treatment, with the potential for significant side effects, and active surveillance, with the risk of disease progression, may have a new option. Focal laser ablation uses precisely targeted heat, delivered through a small insertion and guided into the prostate by magnetic resonance imaging, to burn away cancerous cells in the prostate. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-focal-therapy-middle-ground-prostate.html Cancer Tue, 05 Mar 2013 16:57:01 EST news281725014 Some of Chicago's poorest neighborhoods are expected to see the greatest demand for additional primary care doctors in 2014, as the Affordable Care Act boosts the number of newly insured patients seeking medical services, a new study has found. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-doctor-shortage-chicago-poorer-neighborhoods.html Health Thu, 28 Feb 2013 10:39:45 EST news281270373 When Charles Darwin first sketched how species evolved by natural selection, he drew what looked like a tree. The diagram started at a central point with a common ancestor, then the lines spread apart as organisms evolved and separated into distinct species. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-history-lesson-genes-dna-populations.html Genetics Wed, 09 Jan 2013 13:47:45 EST news276961656 (Medical Xpress)—While minority populations are rising throughout the country, enrollment by minority students in the nation's medical schools has stagnated. Further, some data show that non-white students face a greater likelihood of academic withdrawal or dismissal, or graduate without passing key exams on their first try.  http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-strategies-minority-students-med-school.html Other Mon, 07 Jan 2013 06:20:33 EST news276762025