http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. A new Montréal study conducted by Dr. May Faraj, associate research professor at the Université de Montréal and invited scientist at the IRCM, along with her research team and medical collaborators, shows that the number of particles carrying bad cholesterol in the blood is an important factor in promoting the risk for type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. Their results are published in the May issue of the Journal of Lipid Research. This scientific breakthrough may help prevent diabetes by targeting treatments to higher-risk individuals. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-mechanism-diabetes-obese-individuals.html Medical research Fri, 17 May 2013 09:00:05 EST news287997845 Many of the genes regulating the inflammation and immune response of the body are also associated with low HDL-cholesterol levels in the circulation, tells the recent study conducted at the University of Helsinki, Finland. The research also discovered that the quality of HDL particle can vary considerably. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-hdl-cholesterolnot-quantity-quality.html Cardiology Tue, 30 Apr 2013 08:54:56 EST news286530889 Joslin scientists report significant findings about the location, genetic expression and function of human brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the generation of new BAT cells. These findings, which appear in the April 2013 issue of Nature Medicine, may contribute to further study of BAT's role in human metabolism and developing treatments that use BAT to promote weight loss. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-scientists-advance-human-brown-adipose.html Medical research Mon, 22 Apr 2013 17:35:47 EST news285870940 The intrauterine environment plays an important role in the health of the offspring. Now, experts from the University of Navarra affirm that the mother's stress, due to socio-economic or psycho-social causes, is associated with the development of pathologies related with obesity. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-relationship-prenatal-stress-obesity-rats.html Health Tue, 09 Apr 2013 12:01:35 EST news284727686 Joslin scientists have discovered a mechanism that regulates the production of brown fat, a type of fat which plays an important role in heat production and energy metabolism. The findings, which appear in the upcoming issue of Nature, may lead to new therapies that increase BAT formation to treat obesity. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-team-mechanism-production-energy-burning-brown.html Medical research Wed, 13 Mar 2013 14:00:04 EST news282396182 Blood on your toothbrush can be a warning sign of gum disease. And, if you are overweight, it can indicate other serious health issues, such as diabetes, heart disease and high blood pressure. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-literature-inflammation-links-obesity-gum.html Dentistry Tue, 12 Mar 2013 08:13:22 EST news282294488 Weight loss may prevent and significantly alleviate the symptoms of osteoarthritis, a progressive disease of the joints known as "wear and tear" arthritis, according to a literature review appearing in the March 2013 issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (JAAOS). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-weight-loss-osteoarthritis-obese-patients.html Surgery Fri, 08 Mar 2013 14:45:26 EST news281976321 A study conducted at the University of Granada has revealed that there is a direct relationship between exposure to pesticides (Persistent Organic Pollutants, CPOs) in food, air and water and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults, regardless of age, gender and body mass index. These substances tend to concentrate in body fat, and they might be one of the reasons why obese people are more likely to develop diabetes, since the more fat the higher the COP concentrations in the body. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-exposure-pesticides-food-air-diabetes.html Diabetes Tue, 05 Feb 2013 08:37:19 EST news279275793 Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have taken another step toward better understanding the metabolic functions of obesity and its connection to type 2 diabetes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-role-protein-linked-obesity-diabetes.html Medical research Mon, 17 Dec 2012 16:13:38 EST news274983211 The average American child from age 8 to 18 watches about 4.5 hours of TV each day. Seventy percent have a TV in the bedroom and about one-third of youth aged 6-19 is considered obese. Previous studies have shown that TV viewing time during childhood and adolescence continues into adulthood, resulting in overweight and elevated total cholesterol. An investigative team from the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, LA reports new study findings, establishing the relationship between having and watching TV in the bedroom and childhood obesity, specifically high waist circumference. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-bedroom-tv-viewing-obesity-children.html Overweight and Obesity Tue, 11 Dec 2012 00:00:04 EST news274382095 Joslin Diabetes Center scientists have demonstrated that brown adipose tissue (BAT) has beneficial effects on glucose tolerance, body weight and metabolism. The findings, which may lead to new treatments for diabetes, appear in the upcoming issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-brown-adipose-tissue-beneficial-metabolism.html Medical research Mon, 10 Dec 2012 12:00:01 EST news274359138 Approximately 68 percent of U.S. adults are overweight or obese, according to the National Cancer Institute, which puts them at greater risk for developing cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and a host of other chronic illnesses. But an international team of scientists led by Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center researcher Andrew Larner, M.D., Ph.D., has successfully reversed obesity in mice by manipulating the production of an enzyme known as tyrosine-protein kinase-2 (Tyk2). In their experiments, the scientists discovered that Tyk2 helps regulate obesity in mice and humans through the differentiation of a type of fat tissue known as brown adipose tissue (BAT). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-scientists-mechanism-obesity.html Medical research Wed, 05 Dec 2012 13:53:40 EST news273938011 While obesity is considered a cardiovascular risk factor, a study presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) showed that African-American patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have much less fat around their hearts compared to Caucasian patients. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-ct-depicts-racial-differences-coronary.html Cardiology Wed, 28 Nov 2012 04:38:22 EST news273299891 New research from Mount Sinai School of Medicine sheds light on how overeating can cause a malfunction in brain insulin signaling, and lead to obesity and diabetes. Christoph Buettner, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine (Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease) and his research team found that overeating impairs the ability of brain insulin to suppress the breakdown of fat in adipose tissue. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-overeating-impairs-brain-insulin-function.html Overweight and Obesity Wed, 17 Oct 2012 16:21:34 EST news269709688 Researchers may have discovered a new explanation as to why obese patients with cancer often have a poorer prognosis compared with those who are lean. The potential explanation is based on data reported in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-link-obesity-higher-incidence-cancer.html Cancer Mon, 15 Oct 2012 06:16:05 EST news269500558 (Medical Xpress)—With a little exercise and dieting, overweight people with type 2 diabetes can still train their fat cells to produce a hormone believed to spur HDL cholesterol production, report medical researchers from The Methodist Hospital and eight other institutions in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Lipid Research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-fat-cells-coax-liver-good.html Medical research Tue, 09 Oct 2012 18:41:29 EST news269026792 Flipping a newly discovered molecular switch in white fat cells enabled mice to eat a high-calorie diet without becoming obese or developing the inflammation that causes insulin resistance, report scientists from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-scientists-molecular-link-obesity-insulin.html Medical research Thu, 27 Sep 2012 12:00:25 EST news267965225 (HealthDay)—A new review summarizes the ways in which inflammation and altered metabolism are associated with colorectal cancer in obese individuals; the review was published online Sept. 3 in Obesity Reviews. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-inflammation-role-obesity-colorectal-cancer-link.html Overweight and Obesity Thu, 13 Sep 2012 15:20:02 EST news266765980 Latinos are more likely to store fat in the pancreas and are less able to compensate by excreting additional insulin, a Cedars-Sinai study shows. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-latinos-vulnerable-fatty-pancreas-diabetes.html Diabetes Tue, 11 Sep 2012 11:17:49 EST news266581039 (HealthDay)—Some patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL), who lack adipocytes and develop severe insulin resistance, have a defect in adipocyte development that can be partially reversed, according to a study published online Aug. 28 in Diabetes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-congenital-disease-linked-adipocyte.html Diabetes Fri, 07 Sep 2012 13:10:01 EST news266238371 Imagine eating all of the sugar and fat that you want without gaining a pound. Thanks to new research published in The FASEB Journal, the day may come when this is not too far from reality. That's because researchers from the United States and Europe have found that blocking one of three opioid receptors in your body could turn your penchant for sweets and fried treats into a weight loss strategy that actually works. By blocking the delta opioid receptor, or DOR, mice reduced their body weight despite being fed a diet high in fat and sugar. The scientists believe that the deletion of the DOR gene in mice stimulated the expression of other genes in brown adipose tissue that promoted thermogenesis. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-opioid-receptors-drug-obesity.html Overweight and Obesity Tue, 31 Jul 2012 10:50:33 EST news262950619 Scientists at The University of Nottingham believe they've found a way of fighting obesity — with a pioneering technique which uses thermal imaging. This heat-seeking technology is being used to trace our reserves of brown fat — the body's 'good fat' — which plays a key role in how quickly our body can burn calories as energy. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-obesity-thermal-imaging.html Pediatrics Wed, 18 Jul 2012 12:22:50 EST news261832926 A research team in the Netherlands has found that cells from burn eschar, the non-viable tissue remaining after burn injury and normally removed to prevent infection, can be a source of mesenchymal cells that may be used for tissue engineering. Their study compared the efficacy of those cells to adipose (fat)-derived stem cells and dermal fibroblasts in conforming to multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) criteria. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-cells-derived-debrided-tissue.html Medical research Wed, 11 Jul 2012 15:42:42 EST news261240145 Women are less prone to cardiovascular disease then men; but this difference between the sexes becomes less marked after the menopause. This observation is behind a great deal of received wisdom, where oestrogen is assumed to have a beneficial effect on the heart and blood vessels. Today, new data seems to question these presuppositions. A study has been conducted by a team of Inserm researchers, directed by Pierre-Yves Scarabin (Inserm Unit 1018 "Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Research"), on 6,000 women aged over 65; its results demonstrate, for the first time, that women with high levels of oestradiol in their blood are exposed to a greater risk of myocardial infarction or strokes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-estrogen-cardiovascular-menopausal-women.html Cardiology Mon, 11 Jun 2012 11:14:08 EST news258631693 Scientists have identified a protein which regulates the activation of brown fat in both the brain and the body's tissues. Their research, which was conducted in mice, was published today, Friday 11 May, in the journal Cell. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-scientists-protein-brown-fat-calories.html Medical research Thu, 10 May 2012 12:00:01 EST news255868823 In the United States, a baby is born with a facial cleft every hour, of every day of the year! Such birth defects result from both gene mutations and environmental insults. PRDM16 is a transcription factor originally described as being aberrantly activated in specific types of leukemia's, and more recently as a master regulator of brown adipose tissue differentiation. In a study published in the April 2012 issue of Experimental Biology and Medicine, investigators have now shown that this transcription co-factor plays a critical role in development of the embryonic palate. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-prdm16-gene-important-craniofacial.html Medical research Wed, 02 May 2012 11:27:03 EST news255176800 (Medical Xpress) -- Researchers at the Universities of Bath, Oxford and Toulouse have been looking at how adipose tissue (fat) plays a dynamic and active role during exercise and physical activity. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-fat.html Medical research Tue, 28 Feb 2012 08:08:03 EST news249638821 Brown adipose tissue (often known as brown fat) is a specialized tissue that burns calories to generate body heat in rodents and newborn humans, neither of which shiver. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-brown-fat-calories-adult-humans.html Medical research Tue, 24 Jan 2012 12:58:05 EST news246632273 Is obesity in infants "programmed" in the womb? Previously, researchers assumed that consumption of "bad" fats during pregnancy contribute to excessive infant adipose tissue growth and that "good" omega-3 fatty acids prevent expansive adipose tissue development. An study run by the Technische Universität München showed no evidence to support this "perinatal programming" theory. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-fish-oil-pregnancy-excessive-adipose.html Obstetrics & gynaecology Wed, 04 Jan 2012 13:56:09 EST news244907760 (Medical Xpress) -- Researchers at Genetech Inc. in South San Francisco, California, led by molecular biologist Junichiro Sonoda, have discovered that a single injection of antibodies into obese diabetic mice provided a marked and sustained improvement in their condition and a reduction in their weight. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-antibody-diabetes-obesity.html Medical research Fri, 16 Dec 2011 06:00:01 EST news243233160