http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. A team of New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) Research Institute scientists report today the generation of patient-specific bone substitutes from skin cells for repair of large bone defects. The study, led by Darja Marolt, PhD, a NYSCF-Helmsley Investigator and Giuseppe Maria de Peppo, PhD, a NYSCF Research Fellow, and published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, represents a major advance in personalized reconstructive treatments for patients with bone defects resulting from disease or trauma. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-scientists-personalized-bone-substitutes-skin.html Medical research Mon, 06 May 2013 15:00:01 EST news287059472 Researchers at Johns Hopkins have identified a gene that, when repressed in tumor cells, puts a halt to cell growth and a range of processes needed for tumors to enlarge and spread to distant sites. The researchers hope that this so-called "master regulator" gene may be the key to developing a new treatment for tumors resistant to current drugs. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-cancer-cancerous-blocking-gene-tumors.html Cancer Thu, 02 May 2013 17:02:44 EST news286732952 Preparations are underway for the first known human trial to use embryonic-like stem cells collected from adult cells to grow bone. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-cells-culled-adults-human-bone.html Medical research Tue, 02 Apr 2013 11:47:00 EST news284122010 For the first time, scientists have transplanted neural cells derived from a monkey's skin into its brain and watched the cells develop into several types of mature brain cells, according to the authors of a new study in Cell Reports. After six months, the cells looked entirely normal, and were only detectable because they initially were tagged with a fluorescent protein. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-transplanted-brain-cells-monkeys-personalized.html Medical research Thu, 14 Mar 2013 12:00:06 EST news282480185 Joslin scientists report the first generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with an uncommon form of diabetes, maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). These cells offer a powerful resource for studying the role of genetic factors in the development of MODY and testing potential treatments. The findings appear in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-scientists-human-ipsc-patients-maturity.html Medical research Thu, 31 Jan 2013 12:55:40 EST news278859298 Researchers used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a young patient with Long QT syndrome (LQTS), a congenital heart disorder, to determine a course of treatment that helped manage the patient's life-threatening arrhythmias. The results, which appear in The Journal of General Physiology, could lead to improved treatments for LQTS and other channelopathies, diseases caused by disturbed ion channel function. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-ipscs-optimal-treatment-life-threatening-arrhythmias.html Cardiology Fri, 11 Jan 2013 12:18:05 EST news277129079 Apparent stem cell transplant success in mice may hold promise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig's disease. The results of the study were released today and will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's 65th Annual Meeting in San Diego, March 16 to 23, 2013. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-stem-cells-lou-gehrig-disease.html Neuroscience Wed, 09 Jan 2013 16:00:01 EST news276960221 (Medical Xpress)—Growing new blood vessels in the lab is a tough challenge, but a Johns Hopkins engineering team has solved a major stumbling block: how to prod stem cells to become two different types of tissue that are needed to build tiny networks of veins and arteries. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-stem-cells-blocks-blood-vessels.html Cardiology Thu, 20 Dec 2012 15:45:42 EST news275240732 Stanford University School of Medicine scientists have demonstrated, in a study conducted jointly with researchers at Yale University, that induced-pluripotent stem cells—the embryonic-stem-cell lookalikes whose discovery a few years ago won this year's Nobel Prize in medicine—are not as genetically unstable as was thought. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-insight-subtle-genomic-differences-cells.html Medical research Sun, 18 Nov 2012 13:00:32 EST news272462224 Research in reprogrammed cells, which on Monday earned the 2012 Nobel Prize, has been hailed as a new dawn for regenerative medicine but remains troubled by several clouds. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-cell-reprogramming-hurdles.html Medical research Mon, 08 Oct 2012 10:41:01 EST news268911568 Japanese stem cell pioneer Shinya Yamanaka responded modestly after winning the Nobel prize for medicine Monday, saying his country really deserves the award. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-modest-nobel-laureate-japan-prize.html Other Mon, 08 Oct 2012 10:19:44 EST news268910344 In a study at the University of California, San Diego and VA San Diego Healthcare, researchers were able to regenerate "an astonishing degree" of axonal growth at the site of severe spinal cord injury in rats. Their research revealed that early stage neurons have the ability to survive and extend axons to form new, functional neuronal relays across an injury site in the adult central nervous system (CNS). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-neural-stem-cells-regenerate-axons.html Medical research Thu, 13 Sep 2012 12:30:35 EST news266758227 Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, who are exploring novel ways to treat serious heart problems in children, have conducted the first direct comparison of the regenerative abilities of neonatal and adult-derived human cardiac stem cells. Among their findings: cardiac stem cells (CSCs) from newborns have a three-fold ability to restore heart function to nearly normal levels compared with adult CSCs. Further, in animal models of heart attack, hearts treated with neonatal stem cells pumped stronger than those given adult cells. The study is published in the September 11, 2012, issue of Circulation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-neonatal-heart-stem-cells-kids.html Cardiology Mon, 10 Sep 2012 16:43:52 EST news266514225 Researchers at the University of Toronto and the Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) are paving the way towards individualized medicine for patients with cystic fibrosis.  http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-sickkids-lung-cells-stem-cell.html Medical research Wed, 29 Aug 2012 11:27:51 EST news265458400 Johns Hopkins scientists have developed a reliable method to turn the clock back on blood cells, restoring them to a primitive stem cell state from which they can then develop into any other type of cell in the body. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-blood-cells-stem-cell-state.html Medical research Wed, 22 Aug 2012 11:19:26 EST news264853158 Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, the University of Manchester, and the MD Anderson Cancer Center have found a new role for an oncogenic signaling pathway in embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal and in reprogramming adult cells into an ESC-state, which will aid in the development of future cancer therapies. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-aurka-to-p53-link-stem-cell-cancer.html Medical research Fri, 03 Aug 2012 12:35:35 EST news263216035 Stem cells from patients with a rare form of muscular dystrophy have been successfully transplanted into mice affected by the same form of dystrophy, according to a new study published today in Science Translational Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-successful-transplant-patient-derived-stem-cells.html Medical research Wed, 27 Jun 2012 14:00:05 EST news260010182 Studying mice and humans, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and their collaborators in Paris have identified two proteins that are required to maintain a supply of stem cells in the developing kidney. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-clues-embryonic-kidney-fleeting-stem.html Medical research Mon, 11 Jun 2012 12:00:52 EST news258632199 (Medical Xpress) -- University of Michigan researchers have proven that a special surface, free of biological contaminants, allows adult-derived stem cells to thrive and transform into multiple cell types. Their success brings stem cell therapies another step closer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-stem-cell-growing-surface-enables-bone.html Medical research Wed, 23 May 2012 15:11:59 EST news257004393 Adult stem cells from mice converted to antigen-specific T cells -- the immune cells that fight cancer tumor cells -- show promise in cancer immunotherapy and may lead to a simpler, more efficient way to use the body's immune system to fight cancer, according to Penn State College of Medicine researchers. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-stem-cells-potential-source-cancer-fighting.html Medical research Tue, 20 Sep 2011 12:01:30 EST news235738695 Using two distinct methods, Whitehead Institute researchers have successfully and consistently manipulated targeted genes in both human embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells (adult cells that have been reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-precision-gene-stem-cells-disease-causing.html Genetics Fri, 15 Jul 2011 10:00:01 EST news229942221 After decades of studying the pathological process that wipes out large volumes of memory, scientists at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research discovered a molecule called c-Abl that has a known role in leukemia also has a hand in Alzheimer's disease. The finding, reported in the June 14th issue of the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, offers a new target for drug development that could stave off the pathological disease process. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-05-protein-linked-alzheimer-disease.html Medical research Tue, 24 May 2011 15:47:09 EST news225470789 Johns Hopkins researchers have demonstrated that human liver cells derived from adult cells coaxed into an embryonic state can engraft and begin regenerating liver tissue in mice with chronic liver damage. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-05-adult-stem-cells-root-livers.html Medical research Wed, 11 May 2011 14:00:07 EST news224338920