http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Childhood adversity can lead to chronic physical and mental disability in adult life and have an effect on the next generation, underscoring the importance of research, practice and policy in addressing this issue, according to a Viewpoint in the May 1 issue of JAMA, a theme issue on child health. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-shadow-childhood-adversity.html Psychology & Psychiatry Tue, 30 Apr 2013 10:07:06 EST news286535071 In a study that included nearly 3,000 adults from Denmark, a diagnosis of meningococcal, pneumococcal, or Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in childhood was associated with lower educational achievement and economic self-sufficiency in adult life, according to a study in the April 24 issue of JAMA. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-childhood-meningitis.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 23 Apr 2013 16:55:07 EST news285954900 When our noses pick up a scent, whether the aroma of a sweet rose or the sweat of a stranger at the gym, two types of sensory neurons are at work in sensing that odor or pheromone. These sensory neurons are particularly interesting because they are the only neurons in our bodies that regenerate throughout adult life—as some of our olfactory neurons die, they are soon replaced by newborns. Just where those neurons come from in the first place has long perplexed developmental biologists. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-biologists-olfactory-nerve-cells.html Neuroscience Mon, 25 Mar 2013 16:38:52 EST news283448324 Has your paternal or maternal grandfather broken their hip on any occasion? In that case there is a greater risk that your own bones are more fragile as an adult. This has been demonstrated in a thesis at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden based on a study of over 1,000 young adults in Gothenburg, which identified those factors increasing the risk of bone fragility in men. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-grandad-hip-fracture-factor-osteoporosis.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 11 Mar 2013 13:00:16 EST news282225607 The large antiretroviral treatment (ART) scale-up in a rural community in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, has led to a rapid and dramatic increase in population adult life expectancy—a gain of 11.3 years over eight calendar years (2004-2011)—and the benefit of providing ART far outweighs the cost, according to new research from Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-scale-up-hiv-treatment-rural-south.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 21 Feb 2013 14:00:23 EST news280676191 Is your child like this? "He does not sit still, he makes you crazy always tapping or moving his leg, he cannot do one thing at a time, he is unable to remain seated at the table during dinner, he goes up and down in the chair without stopping, it's like he's got a motor in him, he doesn't stop talking " In school you hear the teachers say things like "does not listen, does not pay attention, loses everything, unable to do his own work, takes so much time to do, makes so many mistakes'. This is called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-dna-chip-attention-deficit-hyperactivity.html Attention deficit disorders Fri, 08 Feb 2013 06:20:01 EST news279524489 According to a new study of more than 75,000 adults, women in that age group are more empathic than men of the same age and than younger or older people. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-empathy-age-middle-aged-pain.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 30 Jan 2013 15:47:51 EST news278783264 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood neuropsychiatric disorder. Yet there is currently no tool that will confirm the diagnosis of ADHD. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-dna-chip-attention-deficit-hyperactivity.html Attention deficit disorders Mon, 21 Jan 2013 08:48:32 EST news277980502 Could marriage, and associated companionship, be one key to a longer life? According to new research, not having a permanent partner, or spouse, during midlife is linked to a higher risk of premature death during those midlife years. The work, by Dr. Ilene Siegler and colleagues from Duke University Medical Center in the US, is published online in Springer's journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-marriage-linked-survival-middle-age.html Health Thu, 10 Jan 2013 10:57:49 EST news277037242 It may be the season to eat, drink and be merry, but each day of over-indulging can take several hours off your life, according to a Christmas article published on BMJ website today. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-bewareover-indulging-hours-life.html Health Mon, 17 Dec 2012 18:30:07 EST news274987213 An international team of genetics researchers has discovered four new gene regions that contribute to low birth weight. Three of those regions influence adult metabolism, and appear to affect longer-term outcomes such as adult height, risk of type 2 diabetes and adult blood pressure. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-genes-linked-birth-weight-adult.html Genetics Sun, 02 Dec 2012 13:00:56 EST news273666993 Huntington's disease is an inherited, neurodegenerative disorder that usually appears in mid-adult life and leads to uncoordinated body movements and cognitive decline. The disease is due to multiple repetitions of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence (i.e. the nucleotides CAG) in the gene encoding the 'Huntingtin' protein. This sequence is present more than 35 times in patients suffering from this disease, while it is repeated 10 to 29 times in healthy patients. In a recent study, published in the journal PNAS, researchers in Spain succeeded in reducing the chromosomal expression of the mutant gene, which could potentially hinder disease development. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-scientists-tackle-huntington-disease-mutant.html Genetics Tue, 06 Nov 2012 08:00:07 EST news271409941 (Medical Xpress)—Researchers in the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have shown in an animal model that a common childhood virus disables the normal immune tolerance transferred from the mother to child through breast milk, leading to increased susceptibility for allergic asthma later in life. Their findings were reported in the online version of Nature Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-team-childhood-viral-infection-allergic.html Immunology Wed, 12 Sep 2012 10:50:01 EST news266662590 The skin, which is an essential barrier that protects our body against the external environment, undergoes constant turnover throughout life to replace dead cells that are constantly sloughed off from the skin surface. During adult life, the number of cells produced must exactly compensate for the number of cells lost. Different theories have been proposed to explain how this delicate balance is achieved. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-stem-cells-responsible-tissue.html Medical research Tue, 04 Sep 2012 07:41:22 EST news265963274 A compelling new genetic study tracing the origins of immature egg cells, or 'oocytes', from the embryonic period throughout adulthood adds new information to a growing controversy. The notion of a "biological clock" in women arises from the fact that oocytes progressively decline in number as females get older, along with a decades-old dogmatic view that oocytes cannot be renewed in mammals after birth. After careful assessment of data from a recent study published in PLoS Genetics, scientists from Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Edinburgh argue that the findings support formation of new eggs during adult life; a topic that has been historically controversial and has sparked considerable debate in recent years. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-ovaries-eggs-adulthood.html Genetics Thu, 26 Jul 2012 17:00:04 EST news262539862 Children whose fathers are more positively engaged with them at age three months have fewer behavioural problems at age twelve months, according to new research funded by the Wellcome Trust. The study suggests that interventions aimed at improving parent-child interaction in the early post-natal period may be beneficial to the child's behaviour later on in life. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-child-behavior-linked-father-infant-interactions.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 18 Jul 2012 19:00:01 EST news261849037 A study recently published in Nature Genetics provides new evidence that the genetic makeup of the embryo may cause the appearance of tumors in adult life. These results bear out the growing theory that some tumors may have an extremely early origin, tracing to the individual's embryonic development, while offering new clues to understand the genetic causes of certain kinds of cancer, and their prevention and treatment. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-mosaicism-gaining-ground-cancer.html Cancer Tue, 12 Jun 2012 10:06:31 EST news258714383 (HealthDay) -- Even a short period of moderate or severe undernutrition or famine during childhood or adolescence can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood, according to research published online May 29 in Diabetes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-childhood-famine-diabetes.html Diabetes Tue, 05 Jun 2012 13:20:01 EST news258120092 (Medical Xpress) -- Individuals with better cognitive function in childhood are less likely to end up on long-term sick leave in adult life, according to new research by the Institute of Psychiatry at King’s College London.  http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-childhood-intelligence-linked-long-term-sick.html Health Fri, 13 Apr 2012 06:51:58 EST news253518706 A simple low-cost silicon ring can slash the risk of premature birth, a major cause of death in newborns and health problems in adult life, according to a trial reported on Tuesday by The Lancet. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-cheap-safe-device-premature-birth.html Obstetrics & gynaecology Tue, 03 Apr 2012 03:57:45 EST news252644259 Babies who are born small have a tendency to put on weight during childhood and adolescence if allowed free access to calories. However, a new animal model study at UCLA found when small babies were placed on a diet of moderately regulated calories during infancy, the propensity of becoming obese decreased. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-caloric-moderation-reverse-link-birth.html Health Mon, 02 Apr 2012 16:29:12 EST news252602924 (Medical Xpress) -- Previous human studies have suggested that early life exposure to microbes (i.e., germs) is an important determinant of adulthood sensitivity to allergic and autoimmune diseases such as hay fever, asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-dirt-immunity-early-exposure-germs.html Immunology Thu, 22 Mar 2012 14:00:07 EST news251635517 A new study published in the journal Respirology reveals that children who are exposed to passive smoke have almost double the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adulthood compared with non-exposed children. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-children-exposed-cigarette-copd-adulthood.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 15 Mar 2012 10:33:56 EST news251026409 Teenage girls gained less weight, improved their body image, ate less fast food, and had more family meals after participating in a 6- month program that involved weekly peer meetings, consultations with primary care providers and separate meetings for parents. Those results from a study published online today in the journal Pediatrics. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-primary-obese-teen-girls-weight.html Health Mon, 13 Feb 2012 04:00:01 EST news248325848 Children showing difficulty carrying out routine actions, such as getting dressed, playing with particular types of games, drawing, copying from the board in school and even typing at the computer, could be suffering from developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and not necessarily from ADHD or other more familiar disorders, points out Prof. Sara Rosenblum of the Department of Occupational Therapy at the University of Haifa, whose new study set out to shed new light on DCD. "In quite a few cases, children are not diagnosed early enough or are given an incorrect diagnosis, which can lead to frustration and a sense of disability. It can even result in a decline that requires psychological therapy," she explains. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-developmental-disorder.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 09 Feb 2012 12:57:18 EST news248014621 It is widely suspected that the current wave of obesity among children will result in greater rates of cardiovascular disease and diabetes over the next few decades. But a second systematic review of research into childhood obesity and metabolic disease in adult life has shown there is little evidence of a direct link and suggests that treating obesity during childhood will remove any risk of lasting harm. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-childhood-obesity-health.html Health Wed, 16 Nov 2011 09:44:58 EST news240659091 Training teenagers to look at social situations positively could help those with anxiety and may help prevent problems persisting into adult life, new research from Oxford University is beginning to suggest. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-accentuating-positive-negative-teenagers-anxiety.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 13 Jul 2011 02:54:15 EST news229744437 Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare genetic disorder which affects one child in 25,000. Children born with this syndrome have a range of complex neurological and developmental problems which continue into adult life. These can manifest as cognitive and behavioral difficulties, weight gain, problems in controlling their temper and attendant difficulties in socialization. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, demonstrates that the hormone oxytocin is able to positively affect patients by improving trust, mood, and reducing disruptive behavior. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-06-oxytocin-prader-willi-syndrome.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 24 Jun 2011 04:39:58 EST news228108251