http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. A new report by American Cancer Society scientists says new data showing aspirin's potential role in reducing the risk of cancer death bring us considerably closer to the time when cancer prevention can be included in clinical guidelines for the use of aspirin in preventative care. The report, published early online in Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, says even a 10% reduction in overall cancer incidence beginning during the first 10 years of treatment could tip the balance of benefits and risks favorably in average-risk populations. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-evidence-aspirin-cancer.html Cancer Mon, 09 Apr 2012 16:10:22 EST news253206590 Scientists from Duke University Medical Center have determined that genes acting as molecular "on/off" switches can define clinically relevant molecular subtypes of ovarian cancer, providing ideal potential targets for use in clinical prognostic and diagnostic testing. These bimodal genes can define tumor subtypes that have different overall prognoses and respond to different therapeutic regimens. The researchers' results are published in the May issue of The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-genes-ovarian-cancer-diagnosis-prognosis.html Cancer Mon, 09 Apr 2012 10:24:35 EST news253185851 An international team of scientists, led by researchers from the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School (Duke-NUS) in Singapore and National Cancer Centre of Singapore, has identified hundreds of novel genes that are mutated in stomach cancer, the second-most lethal cancer worldwide. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-experts-critical-genes-mutated-stomach.html Genetics Sun, 08 Apr 2012 13:52:38 EST news253111907 A new drug developed by Northwestern Medicine scientists prevented human prostate cancer cells from spreading to other tissues without any toxic effects to normal cells or tissues. The drug turns off the "go" switch in the cancer cells and immobilizes them. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-drug-human-prostate-cancer-cells.html Cancer Tue, 03 Apr 2012 14:59:21 EST news252683956 A collection of three papers (two published in The Lancet and one in The Lancet Oncology) add to the growing evidence base suggesting that daily aspirin can be used to help prevent and possibly treat cancer. All three papers are by Professor Peter M Rothwell, University of Oxford and John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, and colleagues. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-aspirin-cancer-evidence.html Cancer Tue, 20 Mar 2012 18:30:01 EST news251480686 Twentieth-century tobacco control programs and policies were responsible for preventing more than 795,000 lung cancer deaths in the United States from 1975 through 2000, according to an analysis funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-tobacco-control-efforts-cancer-deaths.html Cancer Wed, 14 Mar 2012 16:00:06 EST news250952457 (AP) -- Millions of people have endured a colonoscopy, believing the dreaded exam may help keep them from dying of colon cancer. For the first time, a major study offers clear evidence that it does. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-colonoscopy-colon-cancer-death.html Cancer Wed, 22 Feb 2012 17:48:55 EST news249155307 BOSTON--Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a subtype of ovarian cancer able to build its own blood vessels, suggesting that such tumors might be especially susceptible to "anti-angiogenic" drugs that block blood vessel formation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-subtype-ovarian-cancer-vulnerable-anti-angiogenic.html Cancer Tue, 14 Feb 2012 14:24:43 EST news248451869 GW Cancer Research Team in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, in the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, published a study that is the first of its kind to use mRNA sequencing to look at the expression of genome, at a unprecedented resolution at the current time, in three types of breast cancer. The study titled, "Transcriptomic landscape of breast cancer through mRNA sequencing," is published in the Feb. 14 edition of the journal, Scientific Reports, a new open access Nature journal for large volume data. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-reveal-digital-transcriptome-breast-cancer.html Cancer Tue, 14 Feb 2012 11:39:25 EST news248441949 The role of a known cancer-causing gene in the development of the most lethal type of ovarian cancer is being investigated by researchers from the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute after they were awarded a Cure Cancer Australia Foundation (CCAF) grant. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-role-cancer-gene-ovarian.html Cancer Tue, 14 Feb 2012 04:18:07 EST news248415477 A new study by NYU Langone Medical Center and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine shows novel PSA velocity (PSAV) risk count testing may provide a more effective way for physicians to screen men for clinically significant prostate cancer. The new study, published online by the British Journal of Urology International on February 1, 2012, shows the benefits of tracking a man's PSA levels over time to help doctors more accurately assess his risk of life-threatening prostate cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-screening-method-prostate-cancer.html Cancer Thu, 02 Feb 2012 11:31:48 EST news247404692 A report from investigators at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center has defined the role of a recently identified gene abnormality in a deadly form of lung cancer. Tumors driven by rearrangements in the ROS1 gene represent 1 to 2 percent of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC), the leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. The researchers show that ROS1-driven tumors can be treated with crizotinib, which also inhibits the growth of tumors driven by an oncogene called ALK, and describe the remarkable response of one patient to crizotinib treatment. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-genetic-subtype-lung-cancer.html Cancer Tue, 31 Jan 2012 12:44:38 EST news247236268 Research conducted by NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center global health investigators and cancer specialists in New York, Qatar and Haiti suggests that aspirin should be evaluated for its ability to prevent development of cervical cancer in HIV-infected women. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-aspirin-merits-cervical-cancer-hiv-infected.html Cancer Wed, 18 Jan 2012 13:22:49 EST news246115362 Scientists working at the Medical Research Council have identified changes in the patterns of sugar molecules that line pre-cancerous cells in the esophagus, a condition called Barrett's dysplasia, making it much easier to detect and remove these cells before they develop into esophageal cancer. These findings, reported in the journal Nature Medicine, have important implications for patients and may help to monitor their condition and prevent the development of cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-sugar-halt-esophageal-cancer-tracks.html Cancer Sun, 15 Jan 2012 13:00:01 EST news245852716 The American Cancer Society's annual cancer statistics report shows that between 2004 and 2008, overall cancer incidence rates declined by 0.6% per year in men and were stable in women, while cancer death rates decreased by 1.8% per year in men and by 1.6% per year in women. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-american-cancer-society-mortality.html Cancer Wed, 04 Jan 2012 13:36:01 EST news244906508 Hispanic women are more likely to die from breast cancer than non-Hispanic white women, according to research presented at the 2011 CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, held Dec. 6-10, 2011. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-breast-cancer-mortality-higher-hispanic.html Cancer Thu, 08 Dec 2011 04:10:25 EST news242539817 The Bowel Cancer Screening Programme in England is on track to cut bowel cancer deaths by its target of 16%, reveals an analysis of the first one million test results, published in Gut. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-bowel-cancer-screening-programme-results.html Cancer Thu, 08 Dec 2011 03:52:37 EST news242538729 Two studies available in the December issue of Hepatology, a journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, have uncovered limitations in screening for primary liver cancer, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The first study found that, if given the choice during a clinical trial, most patients with cirrhosis prefer surveillance over the possibility of non-screening, therefore making a randomized study of HCC screening not feasible. A second study determined that ultrasonographic screening at three monthly versus six monthly intervals did not improve the detection of small liver cancers. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-patients-cirrhosis-uncover-limitations-liver.html Cancer Thu, 01 Dec 2011 12:20:05 EST news241963900 Elevated blood sugar levels are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, according to a study led by researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University. The findings, observed in nearly 5,000 postmenopausal women, appear in the Nov. 29 online edition of the British Journal of Cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-high-blood-sugar-older-women.html Cancer Wed, 30 Nov 2011 03:00:02 EST news241843288 The survival rates for older women with breast cancer lag behind younger women diagnosed with the disease, indicating that the elder population may be missing out on improvements in treatment and detection, according to new research from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-advances-breast-cancer-dont-older.html Cancer Mon, 07 Nov 2011 16:00:01 EST news239896382 Researchers from Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center and the VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine have discovered a mechanism by which glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common form of brain cancer, promotes the loss of function or death of neurons, a process known as neurodegeneration. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-mechanism-brain-cancer-responsible-neuron.html Medical research Thu, 03 Nov 2011 11:00:01 EST news239534512 In a trial that included more than 150,000 participants, those who underwent annual chest radiographic screening for up to 4 years did not have a significantly lower rate of death from lung cancer compared to participants who were not screened, according to a study in the November 2 issue of JAMA. The study is being published early online to coincide with its presentation at the annual meeting of the American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST 2011). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-annual-screening-chest-x-ray-lung.html Cancer Wed, 26 Oct 2011 13:51:21 EST news238855853 UK doctors are willing to cite alcohol as a cause of death on death certificates, but not smoking, for fear of stigmatising the deceased, shows research published online in the Journal of Clinical Pathology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-doctors-happily-cite-alcohol-death.html Addiction Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:16:15 EST news238734964 A model used to estimate breast cancer survival rates found that the probability that a woman with screen-detected breast cancer will avoid a breast cancer death because of screening mammography may be lower than previously thought, according to a report published Online First by Archives of Internal Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-probability-proportion-women-survive-breast.html Cancer Mon, 24 Oct 2011 16:26:35 EST news238692387 There's more news on cancer screening tests - this time for women. Scientists advising the government say a Pap test is a good way to screen young and middle-aged women for cervical cancer, and it's only needed once every three years. But they say there is not enough evidence yet to back testing for HPV, the virus that causes the disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-doctors-pap-cervical-cancer.html Cancer Mon, 17 Oct 2011 17:44:15 EST news238092240 (AP) -- An independent British medical watchdog says the first treatment proven to help people with the deadliest form of skin cancer is too expensive to be used by the U.K.'s health care system, a recommendation critics called a potential death sentence. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-uk-medical-group-skin-cancer.html Cancer Sat, 15 Oct 2011 06:08:07 EST news237877679 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is responsible for nearly a quarter of all head and neck cancers. It is one of the leading causes of cancer death - largely due to the failure of current histological procedures in predicting the recurrence of the disease. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal BMC Cancer shows that a four-gene signature may accurately predict which patients are at higher risk of OSCC recurrence. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-gene-signature-oral-cancer-recurrence.html Cancer Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:10:14 EST news237525000 Stockholm, Sweden: A major UK trial has produced firm evidence that giving radiotherapy between or during chemotherapy cycles to women with early breast cancer significantly reduces the risk of the cancer recurring in the breast or chest wall. The treatment, known as synchronous chemoradiation, has minimal adverse side-effects and no detrimental effect on the patients' quality of life. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-radiotherapy-chemotherapy-breast-cancer-recurrence.html Cancer Sun, 25 Sep 2011 04:10:31 EST news236142620 The stomach bacterium Helicobacter pylori is one of the biggest risk factors for the development of gastric cancer, the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Molecular biologists from the University of Zurich have now identified a mechanism of Helicobacter pylori that damages the DNA of cells in the gastric mucosa and sets them up for malignant transformation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-stomach-bacterium-human-dna.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 06 Sep 2011 13:27:52 EST news234534453 An experimental two-drug combination for treating late-stage ovarian cancer continues to produce strong results, leading its Indiana University researchers to actively pursue the next step, conducting a larger clinical trial to test the therapy and to see how it compares with existing treatments for ovarian cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-late-stage-ovarian-cancer-therapy-phase.html Cancer Wed, 03 Aug 2011 14:10:01 EST news231598840