http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Wide variations in doctors' pass rates, for a professional exam that is essential for one type of specialty training, seem to be linked to the particular medical school where the student graduated, indicates research published online in Postgraduate Medical Journal. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-medical-school-link-wide-variations.html Other Mon, 13 Feb 2012 18:30:07 EST news248371447 People with severe sleep apnea may have an increased risk of silent strokes and small lesions in the brain, according to a small study presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-apnea-linked-silent-small-lesions.html Sleep apnea Wed, 01 Feb 2012 10:22:52 EST news247314163 Levels of burnout in UK general practice are high, suggests a study of general practitioners (GPs) in one area of South East England, published in BMJ Open. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-high-burnout-uk-family-doctors.html Health Mon, 30 Jan 2012 18:30:03 EST news247150161 Women report more-intense pain than men in virtually every disease category, according to Stanford University School of Medicine investigators who mined a huge collection of electronic medical records to establish the broad gender difference to a high level of statistical significance. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-women-pain-intensely-men.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 23 Jan 2012 13:09:20 EST news246546555 Men are four times more likely to develop liver cancer compared to women, a difference attributed to the sex hormones androgen and estrogen. Although this gender difference has been known for a long time, the molecular mechanisms by which estrogens prevent -- and androgens promote -- liver cancer remain unclear. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-gender-differences-liver-cancer-small.html Cancer Thu, 19 Jan 2012 12:56:30 EST news246200182 Children who suffer from persistent or recurring chronic pain may miss school, withdraw from social activities, and are at risk of developing internalizing symptoms such as anxiety, in response to their pain. In the first comprehensive review of chronic pain in children and adolescents in 20 years, a group of researchers found that more children now are suffering from chronic pain and that girls suffer more frequently from chronic pain than boys. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-chronic-pain-children-adolescents-common.html Health Thu, 08 Dec 2011 16:57:10 EST news242585819 Willing to risk your knowledge, skills and monetary reward in competition? If you are under age 50, you've probably not reached your competitive peak. If you are older, that peak is behind you. That people are willing to engage in risk at 50 surprised University of Oregon economists and psychologists who explored such behavior in their research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-risk-taking-behavior-age.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 10 Nov 2011 12:52:01 EST news240151898 Two new studies by researchers at the University of Rhode Island are providing additional insights into the role that eating rate plays in the amount of food one consumes. The studies found that men eat significantly faster than women, heavier people eat faster than slimmer people, and refined grains are consumed faster than whole grains, among other findings. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-evidence-food-intake.html Health Tue, 08 Nov 2011 16:18:10 EST news239991483 New research shows that women undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), also known as angioplasty, exhibit more co-morbidities and cardiovascular risk factors than men. Risk-adjusted analyses have now indicated that, in the contemporary era, gender is not an independent mortality predictor following PCI according to the study now available in Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, a journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-women-pci-greater-co-morbidities-men.html Cardiology Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:48:54 EST news239341727 Viewing TV coverage of terrorism has more negative effect on women. This has been shown in a new study from the University of Haifa. "It is possible that the differences between men and women are founded in gender socialization: 'teaching' women to respond to terrorism with more anxiety than men," said Prof. Moshe Zeidner, one of the authors of the study. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-gender-differences-viewing-tv-coverage.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 27 Oct 2011 10:17:15 EST news238929425 Men are funnier than women, but only just barely and mostly to other men. So says a psychology study from the University of California, San Diego Division of Social Sciences. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-men-humor-hair.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 19 Oct 2011 16:12:16 EST news238259527 (Medical Xpress) -- In the racy television hit show, Sex and the City, Carrie, one of the main characters tells her best girlfriends that "Men who are too good looking are never good in bed because they never had to be." This is just one of the many gender stereotypes that audiences were exposed to in this show. The show challenged many stereotypes about sex and gender and refrained from the gender caricatures that typify so much television fare. Now, a new review article written by University of Michigan psychology professor Terri Conley and her team of graduate students – Amy Moors, Jes Matsick, Ali Ziegler and Brandon Valentine – examines how such gender stereotypes fueled the sexual revolution started by women in the 60s, now carried on proudly by Carrie and her gang. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-women-men-bedroom.html Psychology & Psychiatry Fri, 14 Oct 2011 07:54:09 EST news237797552 The human body has a love-hate relationship with iron. Just the right amount is needed for proper cell function, yet too much is associated with brain diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-hysterectomy-iron-brain.html Neuroscience Tue, 04 Oct 2011 14:49:41 EST news236958572 Drinking can be influenced by both personal and societal factors, including economic fluctuations, political instability, and social norms. These factors, in turn, can vary among countries and time periods, leading to different "drinking cultures." A review of 31 peer-reviewed and published studies looked at birth-cohort and gender differences in alcohol consumption, alcohol disorders, and mortality. Analysis showed that people born after World War II are more likely to binge drink and develop alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and that the gender gap in alcohol problems is narrowing in many countries. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-people-born-world-war-ii.html Health Thu, 15 Sep 2011 17:20:26 EST news235326011 Women who commit suicide are more likely than men to avoid facial disfiguration, but not necessarily in the name of vanity. Valerie Callanan from the University of Akron and Mark Davis from the Criminal Justice Research Center at the Ohio State University, USA, show that there are marked gender differences in the use of suicide methods that disfigure the face or head. While firearms are the preferred method for both men and women, women are less likely to shoot themselves in the head. The study is published online in Springer's journal Sex Roles. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-suicide-methods-differ-men-women.html Psychology & Psychiatry Tue, 30 Aug 2011 10:47:06 EST news233919763 Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is increasing in frequency as the population ages. For a subset of patients in whom surgical conventional aortic valve replacement is excluded due to severe co-morbidities, an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement – transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVI)- has emerged with a first-in-man case performed in France in 2002 by Pr. Alain Cribier. Since 2002, TAVI has undergone many modifications from first generation devices, and the technique is now performed routinely in selected centres to treat patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis who are ineligible or at high-risk for conventional surgical aortic valve replacement. Two transcatheter heart valves, the "Edwards Sapien valve" and the Medtronic Corevalve" are available in Europe. More than 30,000 procedures have been performed worldwide in the last decade. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-gender-differences-clinical-outcome-transcatheter.html Cardiology Mon, 29 Aug 2011 11:44:42 EST news233837050 In spite of an increased attention to gender differences in treatment of myocardial infarctions, focus on adherence to guidelines and a change in predominant therapy, the gender difference in treatment and mortality regarding the big infarctions – STEMI – has not diminished from 1998-2000 to 2004-2006. For some therapies, it has actually increased. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-trends-stemi-treatment-outcome.html Cardiology Mon, 29 Aug 2011 11:43:49 EST news233837004 When it comes to mental illness, the sexes are different: Women are more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety or depression, while men tend toward substance abuse or antisocial disorders, according to a new study published by the American Psychological Association. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-sex-differences-mental-illness.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 18 Aug 2011 10:34:16 EST news232882437 There is no scientific basis for teaching boys and girls separately, according to Lise Eliot from The Chicago Medical School. Her review reveals fundamental flaws in the arguments put forward by proponents of single-sex schools to justify the need of teaching teach boys and girls separately. Eliot shows that neuroscience has identified few reliable differences between boys' and girls' brains relevant to learning or education. Her work is published online in Springer's journal Sex Roles. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-parents-misled-advocates-single-sex.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 18 Aug 2011 10:28:37 EST news232882102 Researchers know that gender differences exist in the prevalence, characteristics, and course of alcohol dependence (AD). Polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) are strong genetic determinants of AD. A new study of gender differences in the effects of these polymorphisms on the development of AD has found that inactive ALDH2 can accelerate the development of AD in women. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-aldehyde-dehydrogenase-polymorphism-affects-alcohol.html Other Mon, 15 Aug 2011 16:00:06 EST news232642090 Although women generally have worse knee function and more severe symptoms before undergoing surgery for knee replacement than men, they recover faster after the operation. Men take longer to recover but, after a year, they catch up with women and there are no differences in surgery outcomes at that time. These findings by Thoralf Liebs, from Hassenpflug University of the Schleswig-Holstein Medical Center in Germany, and colleagues, are published online in Springer's journal Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-06-men-post-op-catch-up.html Other Wed, 29 Jun 2011 12:05:55 EST news228567939 A recently published paper highlights that while the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is more common in those with migraine than those without migraine irrespective of sex, the risk is greater in male migraineurs than female migraineurs. Study details are now available in Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Headache Society. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-06-sex-men-migraine-ptsd.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 01 Jun 2011 10:02:16 EST news226141319 Although some people believe that taking selenium can reduce a person's risk of cancer, a Cochrane Systematic Review of randomised controlled clinical trials found no protective effect against non-melanoma skin cancer or prostate cancer. In addition, there is some indication that taking selenium over a long period of time could have toxic effects. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-05-additional-selenium-cancer.html Cancer Wed, 11 May 2011 03:57:34 EST news224304993