http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Can lack of sleep make you fat? A new paper which reviews the evidence from sleep restriction studies reveals that inadequate sleep is linked to obesity. The research, published in a special issue of the The American Journal of Human Biology, explores how lack of sleep can impact appetite regulation, impair glucose metabolism and increase blood pressure. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-lack-linked-obesity-evidence.html Health Tue, 17 Apr 2012 10:31:35 EST news253877485 Scientists from the Monell Center report that blood glucose levels following starch ingestion are influenced by genetically-determined differences in salivary amylase, an enzyme that breaks down dietary starches. Specifically, higher salivary amylase activity is related to lower blood glucose. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-enzyme-saliva-blood-glucose.html Medical research Wed, 04 Apr 2012 14:17:58 EST news252767866 An early Positron Emission Tomography (PET) response after the initial cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be used to predict increased survival in patients with soft tissue sarcomas, according to a study by researchers with UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-early-pet-response-neoadjuvant-chemo.html Cancer Mon, 02 Apr 2012 16:37:09 EST news252603420 New research published in the April issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine reveals that systemic inflammation causes an increase in depressive symptoms and metabolic changes in the parts of the brain responsible for mood and motivation. With this finding, researchers can begin to test potential treatments for depression for patients that experience symptoms that are related to inflammation in the body or within the brain. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-molecular-imaging-links-inflammation-depression.html Neuroscience Mon, 02 Apr 2012 16:35:33 EST news252603324 A Penn- and MIT-led team explained how rapamycin, a drug that extends mouse lifespan, also causes insulin resistance. The researchers showed in an animal model that they could, in principle, separate the effects, which depend on inhibiting two protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, respectively. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-duality-longevity-drug-rapamycin.html Medical research Thu, 29 Mar 2012 14:00:10 EST news252247900 Subjects in a cohort in Sweden, some of whom had been exposed to a community intervention program to prevent diabetes, were evaluated 8-10 years after baseline for the presence of diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose metabolism ("pre-diabetes") in relation to a baseline report of alcohol consumption. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-association-alcohol-diabetes.html Diabetes Thu, 29 Mar 2012 10:46:45 EST news252236796 Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes have discovered a key protein that regulates insulin resistance—the diminished ability of cells to respond to the action of insulin and which sets the stage for the development of the most common form of diabetes. This breakthrough points to a new way to potentially treat or forestall type 2 diabetes, a rapidly growing global health problem. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-scientists-key-mechanism-involved-diabetes.html Diabetes Wed, 28 Mar 2012 17:17:38 EST news252173848 Loss of bone density leads to brittle bones that fracture easily. It is a major complication of spinal cord injury (SCI), which affects about 250,000 Americans every year. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-high-doses-loss-bone-spinal.html Health Thu, 16 Feb 2012 13:31:06 EST news248621456 In most western countries the annual increase in the prevalence and the severity of obesity is currently substantial. Although obesity typically results simply from excessive energy intake, it is currently unclear why some people are prone to overeating and gaining weight. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-obesity-brain-function.html Medical research Thu, 09 Feb 2012 12:58:43 EST news248014709 The future of disease diagnosis may lie in a "breathalyzer"-like technology currently under development at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-metabolic-breathalyzer-reveals-early-disease.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 06 Feb 2012 16:32:11 EST news247768322 New research from Uppsala University shows that reduced insulin sensitivity is linked to smaller brain size and deteriorated language skills in seniors. The findings are now published in the scientific journal Diabetes Care. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-insulin-resistance-linked-brain-health.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Wed, 01 Feb 2012 10:31:32 EST news247314682 Weight loss surgery is not a cure for type 2 diabetes, but it can improve blood sugar control, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Surgery. Whereas some previous studies have claimed that up to 80 per cent of diabetes patients have been cured following gastric bypass surgery, researchers at Imperial College London found that only 41 per cent of patients achieve remission using more stringent criteria. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-scientists-reassess-weight-loss-surgery.html Surgery Wed, 04 Jan 2012 10:16:13 EST news244894564 On the quest for safe, reliable and accessible tools to accurately diagnose Alzheimer's disease, researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania found a new way of diagnosing and tracking Alzheimer's disease, using an innovative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique called Arterial spin labeling (ASL) to measure changes in brain function. The team determined that the ASL-MRI test is a promising alternative to the current standard, a specific PET scan that requires exposure to small amounts of a radioactive glucose analog and costs approximately four-times more than an ASL-MRI. Two studies now appear in Alzheimer's and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association and Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-function-mri-technique-alzheimer-disease.html Neuroscience Wed, 16 Nov 2011 17:40:18 EST news240687604 (Medical Xpress) -- Omega-3 can help to reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease especially as people age, says Massey University nutrition professor Bernhard Breier, co-author of a new international study. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-omega-key-diabetes-heart-disease.html Health Mon, 31 Oct 2011 12:03:01 EST news239281365 The condition tuberous sclerosis, due to mutation in one of two tumor suppressor genes, TSC1 or TSC2, causes the growth of non-malignant tumors throughout the body and skin. These tumors can be unsightly and cause serious damage to organs. Growth of tumors in the brain may cause seizures and in the kidney, liver or heart, tumors can disrupt normal function, to the extent of causing the organ to fail. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal Cell and Bioscience shows that the growth of glucose-dependent TSC-related tumors can be restricted by 2-deoxyglucose, which blocks glucose metabolism, but not by restricting dietary carbohydrates. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-cold-starve-tumor.html Cancer Fri, 21 Oct 2011 03:12:33 EST news238385506 (Medical Xpress) -- Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered that the immediate improvement in blood sugar (blood glucose) for those with type 2 diabetes who undergo gastric bypass surgery is related to the increased action of a gut hormone that occurs after the procedure. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-reveals-hormone-action-treatments-diabetes.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 30 Sep 2011 07:43:03 EST news236587374 Contrary to what you might think, cancer and diabetes appear to have some biology in common. According to a report in the September 30th issue of the Cell Press journal, Cell, a pathway that initially drew attention for its role in embryonic stem cells and cancer also influences the odds that mice develop or resist diabetes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-diabetes-cancer-biological-basis.html Medical research Thu, 29 Sep 2011 12:37:56 EST news236518664 Recent PET-measurements in Turku, Finland, show that the GSM mobile phone electromagnetic field suppresses glucose metabolism in temporoparietal and anterior temporal areas of the hemisphere next to the antenna. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-mobile-electromagnetic-field-affects-local.html Medical research Thu, 15 Sep 2011 11:29:07 EST news235304937 A study made by IDIBELL researchers shows that glucose metabolism inhibition with 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) induces cell death in a type of childhood sarcoma: alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The results have been published in the journal Cancer Research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-treatment-aggressive-childhood-cancer.html Cancer Wed, 14 Sep 2011 11:08:27 EST news235217285 Intranasal insulin therapy appears to provide some benefit for cognitive function in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease, according to a report published Online First today by Archives of Neurology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-intranasal-insulin-therapy-adults-mild.html Neuroscience Mon, 12 Sep 2011 16:49:53 EST news235064405 All cells need glucose (sugar) to produce the energy they need to survive. High glucose levels in the bloodstream (such as occur after a meal), trigger the pancreas to produce insulin. In turn, muscle and fat cells respond to insulin by moving GLUT4, a glucose transporter, from intracellular storage out to the cell surface. There, GLUT4 can take up the glucose the cell needs from the bloodstream. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-glucose-uptake-newly-protein.html Medical research Tue, 06 Sep 2011 12:21:51 EST news234530490 The Homburg Cream and Sugar (HCS) study was designed to determine whether the measurement of postprandial triglyceride in addition to the assessment of glucose tolerance and traditional risk factors might improve the prediction of cardiovascular events. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-homburg-cream-sugar.html Cardiology Mon, 29 Aug 2011 11:46:26 EST news233837176 Research to be presented at the upcoming annual meeting of the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior (SSIB), the foremost society for research into all aspects of eating and drinking behavior, may explain why some antipsychotic drugs can promote overeating, weight gain, and insulin resistance. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-metabolic-effects-antipsychotic-drugs.html Medical research Tue, 12 Jul 2011 05:14:38 EST news229666465 A high-fat diet during pregnancy may program a woman's baby for future diabetes, even if she herself is not obese or diabetic, says a new University of Illinois study published in the Journal of Physiology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-05-high-fat-diet-pregnancy-child-future.html Health Wed, 25 May 2011 16:05:52 EST news225558251 By virtue of having survived, all animals-from flies to man-share a common expertise. All can distinguish times of plenty from famine and adjust their metabolism or behavior accordingly. Failure to do so signals either extinction or disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-05-evolutionary-fat-metabolism-pathways.html Medical research Thu, 12 May 2011 12:29:48 EST news224422164 A growing body of research suggests that caffeine disrupts glucose metabolism and may contribute to the development and poor control of type 2 diabetes, a major public health problem. A review article in the inaugural issue of Journal of Caffeine Research: The International Multidisciplinary Journal of Caffeine Science, a quarterly peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers, examines the latest evidence, contradicting earlier studies suggesting a protective effect of caffeine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-04-caffeine-diabetes-.html Health Thu, 07 Apr 2011 16:50:51 EST news221413838