http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. One of the indicators of a cell's health is the state of its DNA and containers—the chromosomes—so when these fuse together or suffer anomalies, they can become the source of illnesses like cancer and/or ageing processes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-caloric-restriction-effect-chromosomes.html Medical research Wed, 23 Jan 2013 13:57:12 EST news278171824 Repeat traumatic brain injury affects a subgroup of the 3.5 million people who suffer head trauma each year. Even a mild repeat TBI that occurs when the brain is still recovering from an initial injury can result in poorer outcomes, especially in children and young adults. A metabolic marker that could serve as the basis for new mild TBI vulnerability guidelines is described in an article in Journal of Neurotrauma. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-period-vulnerability-traumatic-brain-injury.html Neuroscience Thu, 10 Jan 2013 10:58:45 EST news277037912 (HealthDay)—Treating mice fed a high-fat diet with telmisartan reverses insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, but only when the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPAR-δ) gene is present, according to a study published online Dec. 13 in Diabetes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-telmisartan-reverses-insulin-resistance-mice.html Diabetes Thu, 03 Jan 2013 14:40:01 EST news276442581 Scientists have identified a key molecular player in a chain of events in the body that can lead to fatty liver disease, Type II diabetes and other metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. By blocking this molecule, the researchers were able to reverse some of the pathology it caused in obese mice. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-obesity-micro-rna-metabolic-problems.html Overweight and Obesity Thu, 20 Sep 2012 11:43:19 EST news267360164 (Medical Xpress) -- Ginger, the common spice and ancient Asian remedy, could have the power to help manage the high levels of blood sugar which create complications for long-term diabetic patients, a University of Sydney study reports. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-ginger-muscles-diabetes.html Diabetes Mon, 06 Aug 2012 04:15:16 EST news263445308 (HealthDay) -- Endurance training seems to lessen the effect of lipid-induced insulin resistance, specifically by preventing lipid-induced reduction in nonoxidative glucose disposal (NOGD), according to a study published online July 10 in Diabetes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-lipid-induced-insulin-resistance.html Diabetes Tue, 17 Jul 2012 03:34:05 EST news261714750 A molecule thought to limit cell proliferation also helps cancer cells survive during initial tumor formation and when the wayward cells spread to other organs in the body, researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine have found. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-key-enzyme-roles-friend-foe.html Medical research Thu, 14 Jun 2012 08:55:53 EST news258882913 In recent years, a growing body of evidence has linked inflammation to the development of insulin resistance. In insulin resistance, the hormone insulin is less effective in promoting glucose uptake from the bloodstream into other tissues. Obesity is a major factor that contributes to insulin resistance, which can eventually lead to type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have shown that proinflammatory molecules found in fat tissue decreases sensitivity of tissues to insulin. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-obesity-induced-insulin-sensitivity.html Overweight and Obesity Fri, 01 Jun 2012 13:05:49 EST news257774686 For almost a century, researchers have known that cancer cells have peculiar appetites, devouring glucose in ways that normal cells do not. But glucose uptake may tell only part of cancer's metabolic story. Researchers from the Broad Institute and Massachusetts General Hospital looked across 60 well-studied cancer cell lines, analyzing which of more than 200 metabolites were consumed or released by the fastest dividing cells. Their research yields the first large-scale atlas of cancer metabolism and points to a key role for the smallest amino acid, glycine, in cancer cell proliferation. Their results appear in the May 25 issue of the journal Science. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-amino-acid-consumption-fast-cancer.html Cancer Thu, 24 May 2012 15:26:18 EST news257091961 Excessive levels of certain saturated fatty acids cause mitochondria to fragment, leading to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, a precursor of type 2 diabetes, according to a paper in the January issue of the journal Molecular and Cellular Biology. This is the first time mitochondrial fragmentation has been implicated in insulin resistance, says corresponding author Yau-Sheng Tsai, of the College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-saturated-fatty-acids-mitochondrial-dysfunction.html Medical research Fri, 20 Jan 2012 08:28:20 EST news246268857 All cells need glucose (sugar) to produce the energy they need to survive. High glucose levels in the bloodstream (such as occur after a meal), trigger the pancreas to produce insulin. In turn, muscle and fat cells respond to insulin by moving GLUT4, a glucose transporter, from intracellular storage out to the cell surface. There, GLUT4 can take up the glucose the cell needs from the bloodstream. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-glucose-uptake-newly-protein.html Medical research Tue, 06 Sep 2011 12:21:51 EST news234530490