http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Local therapy is not commonly utilized in metastatic lung cancer. Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center investigated the efficacy of local therapy with continued EGFR TKI therapy specifically in patients with acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs. A recent study published in the March 2013 issue of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer's (IASLC) Journal of Thoracic Oncology, found that EGFR- mutant lung cancers with acquired resistance to EGFR TKI therapy are amenable to local therapy to treat oligometastatic disease when used in conjunction with continued EGFR inhibition. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-local-therapy-treatment-egfr-tki.html Cancer Fri, 22 Feb 2013 09:33:30 EST news280748004 The RAS pathway is a cellular signaling pathway that regulates growth and development in humans. RASopathies are a group of diseases characterized by defects in RAS signaling. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-insight-rasopathy-associated-lymphatic-defects.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 08 Feb 2013 12:00:04 EST news279542494 Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer being treated with anti-HER2 therapy may be able to prevent or delay resistance to the therapy with the addition of a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase inhibitor to their treatment regimens. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-treatment-pi3k-resistance-anti-her2-therapy.html Cancer Wed, 23 Jan 2013 13:59:45 EST news278171977 Drugs that are used in the clinic to treat some forms of breast and kidney cancer and that work by inhibiting the signaling molecule mTORC1 might have utility in treating some of the more than 15 percent of human cancers driven by alterations in the Myc gene, according to data from a preclinical study published in Cancer Discovery, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-hard-to-treat-myc-driven-cancers-susceptible-drug.html Cancer Fri, 14 Dec 2012 10:00:01 EST news274695612 One of the most frequent is the existence of tumours that induce an over-secretion of this hormone. These women present with chronic infertility due to anovulation. Thanks to the work of the Inserm researchers from unit 693 "Steroid receptors: endocrinian and metabolic physiopathology", the intimate mechanism of the hyperprolactinaemia alterations affecting reproduction in mice has been discovered. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-infertility-ovulation-function.html Medical research Wed, 17 Oct 2012 13:19:19 EST news269698751 Researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (UWM) have identified mechanisms in the brain responsible for regulating cocaine-seeking behavior, providing an avenue for drug development that could greatly reduce the high relapse rate in cocaine addiction. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-memories-trigger-cocaine-relapse.html Neuroscience Wed, 17 Oct 2012 09:41:23 EST news269685673 Alpha waves were long ignored, but gained interest of brain researchers recently. Electrical activity of groups of brain cells results in brain waves with different amplitudes. The so called alpha wave, a slow brain wave with a cycle of 100 milliseconds seems to play a key role in suppressing irrelevant brain activity. The current hypothesis is that this alpha wave is associated with pulses of inhibition (every 100 ms) in the brain. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-alpha-blocks-mind-distraction.html Neuroscience Tue, 09 Oct 2012 19:00:58 EST news269028000 Combined treatment with two drugs targeting different points in the same growth-factor pathway delayed the development of treatment resistance in patients with BRAF-positive metastatic malignant melanoma. The results of a phase I/II study of treatment with the kinase inhibitors dabrafenib and trametinib will be published in the New England Journal of Medicine and are being released online to coincide with a presentation at the European Society for Medical Oncology meeting in Vienna. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-combination-treatment-drugs-resistance-melanoma.html Cancer Sat, 29 Sep 2012 05:50:57 EST news268116620 With the steady increase in the life expectancy of Europe's population, researchers estimate that the number of people affected by age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, will increase dramatically in the next few years. This makes improving our understanding of the disease and its early diagnosis an important priority. New research, led by Lancaster University in the United Kingdom, in partnership with Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS foundation trust, and published in the Journal of the American Aging Association, shows that people with Alzheimer's disease have difficulty with one particular type of eye-tracking test. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-eye-tracking-earlier-alzheimer.html Alzheimer's disease & dementia Tue, 18 Sep 2012 09:14:28 EST news267178452 (Medical Xpress)—ImmuNext, founded by scientists at King's College London, has announced a  research and drug development agreement with Janssen Biotech Inc to develop a new cancer drug to trigger the body's own immune system to fight the disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-drug-potential-broader-range-cancers.html Cancer Mon, 10 Sep 2012 07:58:25 EST news266482580 The first trial to study the effect of platelet inhibition in patients with acute coronary syndromes managed medically without revascularisation has found no significant difference between prasugrel and clopidogrel in the prevention of death, myocardial infarction or stroke. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-prasugrel-clopidogrel-acs-patients-revascularisation.html Cardiology Mon, 27 Aug 2012 10:44:03 EST news265283032 Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center and colleagues have demonstrated that the inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in mouse models of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), an aggressive and incurable subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that becomes resistant to treatment, can harness the immune system to eradicate residual malignant cells responsible for disease relapse. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-potential-key-treatment-mantle-cell.html Cancer Wed, 18 Jul 2012 12:16:58 EST news261832609 (Medical Xpress) -- Researchers at the University of California, Davis, have discovered a class of natural compounds found within the body that may someday lead to pain relief for millions of diabetics and others suffering from chronic pain. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-discovery-combat-chronic-pain-diabetics.html Diabetes Tue, 26 Jun 2012 08:11:44 EST news259917082 New research from psychologists at the Universities of Exeter and Cardiff shows that people can train their brains to become less impulsive, resulting in less risk-taking during gambling. The research could pave the way for new treatments for people with addictions to gambling, drugs or alcohol as well as impulse-control disorders, such as ADHD. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-people-inhibit-movements-risk-taking.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 14 Jun 2012 10:50:47 EST news258889681 The human immune system has a natural ability to identify and attack tumor cells. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that are particularly effective at killing tumor cells due to their ability to secrete cytotoxic enzymes. However, mutations have allowed many types of tumors to develop a resistance to NK-mediated killing through ill-defined mechanisms. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-cancer-immune.html Cancer Mon, 11 Jun 2012 12:00:31 EST news258632667 (Medical Xpress) -- A receptor recently discovered to control the movement of immune cells across central nervous system barriers (including the blood-brain barrier) may hold the key to treating multiple sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory disease of the central nervous system. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-receptor-key-multiple-sclerosis-treatment.html Immunology Mon, 11 Jun 2012 05:52:30 EST news258612716 Inhibition of pre-B Cell Colony-Enhancing Factor (PBEF) could be a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension (PH), according to a preclinical study in an animal model of PH. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-inhibition-pbef-therapeutic-pulmonary-hypertension.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 22 May 2012 09:53:44 EST news256899219 A new study presented today at the International Liver Congress 2012 demonstrates that the gut microbiota has a profound systemic effect on bile acid metabolism. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-gut-microbiota-bile-acid-metabolism.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 19 Apr 2012 07:12:05 EST news254038314 It should be possible to significantly improve the response of common cancers to existing "classical" chemotherapy drugs, say scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), by introducing agents that alter the interaction of cancer cells with their immediate surroundings, called the tumor microenvironment. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-imaging-response-cancer-drugs-boosted.html Cancer Mon, 16 Apr 2012 12:59:03 EST news253799935 A study published Online First by the Lancet reports the successful validation and clinical application of the first point-of-care genetic test in medicine. The test successfully identifies the CYP2C19*2 allele: a common genetic variant associated with increased rates of major adverse events in individuals given clopidogrel after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), thus avoiding complications in those patients. The Article is by Dr Derek Y F So, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada, and colleagues. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-validation-point-of-care-genetic-medicine-antiplatelet.html Cardiology Wed, 28 Mar 2012 18:30:01 EST news252152189 Scientists have identified a new compound that rapidly kills hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, the most common form of liver cancer and fifth most common cancer worldwide, while sparing healthy tissue. The compound, Factor Qunolinone Inhibitor 1 (FQI1), works by inhibiting an oncogene originally discovered by a team of researchers led by Devanand Sarkar, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., Harrison Scholar at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Massey Cancer Center, Blick Scholar and assistant professor in the Department of Human and Molecular Genetics and member of the VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine at the VCU School of Medicine. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-compound-rapidly-liver-cancer.html Cancer Wed, 14 Mar 2012 09:47:14 EST news250937223 If you want big muscles without working out, there's hope. In the March 2012 print issue of the FASEB Journal, scientists from the University of Florida report that a family of protein transcription factors, called "Forkhead (Fox0)" plays a significant role in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. Specifically, they found that interfering with the activity of these transcription factors prevents muscle wasting associated with cancer and sepsis, and even promotes muscle growth. This discovery is likely to be relevant to any disease, condition or lifestyle that leads to muscle wasting, including voluntary inactivity. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-workout-scientists-muscle-loss-mice.html Medical research Wed, 29 Feb 2012 11:10:01 EST news249735328 Researchers at National University of Ireland Galway have made a significant scientific discovery in the fight against Huntington's disease. The novel findings are published 21 February in the online, open access journal PLoS Biology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-discovery-huntington-disease.html Parkinson's & Movement disorders Tue, 21 Feb 2012 17:00:15 EST news249054356 UCSF scientists have discovered the unexpected way in which a key cell of the immune system prepares for battle. The finding, they said, offers insight into the processes that take place within these cells and could lead to strategies for treating conditions from spinal cord injury to cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-immune-cells-invaders.html Immunology Thu, 19 Jan 2012 15:52:17 EST news246210722 Researchers know that adolescents with a family history of alcoholism (FHP) are at risk for developing alcohol use disorders. Some studies have shown that, compared to their peers, FHP adolescents have deficits in behavioral inhibition. A study of the neural substrates of risk-taking in both FHP adolescents and their peers with a negative family history of alcoholism (FHN) has shown that FHP youth demonstrated atypical brain activity while completing the same task as the FHN youth. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-family-history-alcoholism-adolescent-brains.html Health Mon, 16 Jan 2012 16:00:02 EST news245930022 Sepsis, a form of systemic inflammation, is the leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Sepsis is linked with massive cell death; however, the specific mechanisms involved in the lethality of sepsis are unclear. Now, a new study published by Cell Press in the December 23rd issue of the journal Immunity finds that inhibition of a specific cell death pathway called "necroptosis" protected mice from lethal inflammation. The research may lead to new therapeutic interventions for fatal inflammatory conditions that are notoriously hard to control. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-scientists-cell-death-pathway-involved.html Medical research Thu, 22 Dec 2011 12:00:08 EST news243777561 As people age, their immune system becomes less robust. This makes them more susceptible to serious and frequently life-threatening infections with viruses that affect the respiratory tract such as influenza A virus (IAV). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-boosting-aged-immune-response-flu.html Medical research Mon, 21 Nov 2011 12:38:46 EST news241101518 Data from the BRIDGE clinical trial demonstrate that intravenous use of the drug cangrelor was effective at maintaining platelet inhibition in patients on thienopyridines who required bypass surgery. Trial results were presented today at the 23rd annual Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT) scientific symposium, sponsored by the Cardiovascular Research Foundation. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-results-bridge-trial-tct.html Cardiology Wed, 09 Nov 2011 17:56:06 EST news240083757 The relationship of platelet responsiveness to antiplatelet medications; and, the correlation of poor response, and overall platelet aggregation while on dual antiplatelet therapy to the risk of drug-eluting stent thrombosis after 30 days was examined in ADAPT-DES, the largest registry to date to fully examine these relationships. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-day-results-adapt-des-registry-tct.html Cardiology Wed, 09 Nov 2011 16:10:20 EST news240077411 Researchers from the NYU Cancer Institute, an NCI-designated cancer center at NYU Langone Medical Center, have identified a cell cycle-regulated mechanism behind the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells. The study shows the significant role that protein networks can play in a cell leading to the development of cancer. The study results, published in the October 21 issue of the journal Molecular Cell, suggest that inhibition of the CK1 enzyme may be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer cells formed as a result of a malfunction in the cell's mTOR signaling pathway. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-cancer-cell.html Cancer Fri, 21 Oct 2011 17:23:02 EST news238436569