http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. (Medical Xpress)—People may believe words are not harmful, but the phrase "that's so gay" can have negative consequences for gay, lesbian or bisexual students, a new University of Michigan study indicated. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-stones-gay-negatively-affects-students.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 29 Aug 2012 07:40:03 EST news265443760 It's not just in movies where nerds get their revenge. A study by a Johns Hopkins University business professor finds that social rejection can inspire imaginative thinking, particularly in individuals with a strong sense of their own independence. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-dont-mad-creative-social-fuel.html Psychology & Psychiatry Tue, 21 Aug 2012 11:35:31 EST news264767722 Migraines currently affect about 20 percent of the female population, and while these headaches are common, there are many unanswered questions surrounding this complex disease. Previous studies have linked this disorder to an increased risk of stroke and structural brain lesions, but it has remained unclear whether migraines had other negative consequences such as dementia or cognitive decline. According to new research from Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), migraines are not associated with cognitive decline. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-good-news-migraines-brain.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 10 Aug 2012 11:24:53 EST news263816578 Exposure to childhood maltreatment increases the risk for most psychiatric disorders as well as many negative consequences of these conditions. This new study, by Dr. Gustavo Turecki and colleagues at McGill University, Canada, provides important insight into one of the most extreme outcomes, suicide. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-highlighting-molecular-clues-link-childhood.html Psychology & Psychiatry Tue, 03 Jul 2012 10:24:25 EST news260529859 Many young adults explore and define their sexual identity in college, but that process can be stressful and lead to risky behaviors. In a new study, students whose sexual self-definition didn't fall into exclusively heterosexual or homosexual categories tended to misuse alcohol more frequently than people who had a firmly defined sexual orientation for a particular gender, according to University of Missouri researchers. These findings could be used to improve support programs for sexual minorities. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-sexual-fluctuation-alcohol-misuse.html Addiction Wed, 06 Jun 2012 13:51:39 EST news258209493 A new Northwestern University study shows that the biological clock is not the only clock women trying to conceive should consider. The circadian clock needs attention, too. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-women-babies-clock-problem.html Obstetrics & gynaecology Wed, 23 May 2012 17:00:01 EST news257010770 What do employees think of their boss when he or she makes a mistake? According to a new study, leaders who make mistakes are seen as less competent, less desirable to work for and less effective than leaders who do not. And if the leader is a man making a mistake in a man's world, he is judged more harshly than a woman making the same mistake in a man's world. The work by Christian Thoroughgood, from the Pennsylvania State University in the US, and his colleagues, is published online in Springer's Journal of Business and Psychology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-male-bosses-errors.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 23 May 2012 13:19:37 EST news256997903 Children from the age of 8 months to 8 years are exposed to nearly 4 hours of background TV per day, according to a top paper to be presented at the International Communication Association's annual conference (Phoenix, AZ, May 24-28). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-american-children-exposed-high-amounts.html Health Thu, 19 Apr 2012 07:04:53 EST news254037885 A new study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy and RTI International finds employee assistance programs (EAPs), a standard benefit offered to employees at most large companies, are failing to identify individuals who abuse or have the potential to abuse their intimate partner, despite well-known risk factors for intimate partner violence perpetration. While previous research has documented the extent to which EAPs offer workplace support for victims of intimate partner violence, this is the first study to examine the involvement of EAPs in screening and offering treatment to persons who perpetrate violence against their partners. The report is published in the current issue of Violence and Victims. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-employee-lack-comprehensive-approach-intimate.html Health Tue, 17 Apr 2012 13:19:40 EST news253887487 The Canadian Journal of Cardiology has published a focused update to the Canadian Cardiovascular Society's atrial fibrillation guidelines. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-canadian-journal-cardiology-publishes-atrial.html Cardiology Tue, 20 Mar 2012 05:40:12 EST news251440795 England must learn from other countries if it is to avoid the same mistakes with personal healthcare budgets, say experts in the British Medical Journal today. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-experts-unintended-consequences-personal-health.html Health Tue, 06 Mar 2012 18:30:01 EST news250270203 A child's cognitive development is not generally impacted by how much weight his or her mother gained during pregnancy, according to a study from Nationwide Children's Hospital. This is the first study to use methods controlling for the widest range of confounding factors when directly examining the association between gestational weight gain and childhood cognition. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-gestational-weight-gain-child-cognitive.html Health Tue, 28 Feb 2012 12:59:31 EST news249656363 Voluminous research literature attests to the multiple negative consequences of maternal depression and depressive symptoms for the health and development of children. In contrast, there is a profound paucity of information about depressive symptoms in fathers according to a follow up study by NYU School of Medicine researchers in the February 23rd online edition of Maternal and Child Health Journal. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-characteristics-fathers-depressive-symptoms.html Psychology & Psychiatry Fri, 24 Feb 2012 04:34:37 EST news249280451 The World Health Organization (WHO) said it was "deeply concerned" about research into whether the H5N1 flu virus could be made more transmissible between humans after mutant strains were produced in labs. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-deeply-mutant-bird-flu.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:14:57 EST news244530883 (AP) -- The World Health Organization is warning that dangerous scientific information could fall into the wrong hands after U.S. government-funded researchers engineered a form of the deadly H5N1 bird flu virus more easily transmissible between humans. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-bird-flu-safety.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 30 Dec 2011 17:31:52 EST news244483082 Routine criminal prosecutions for not disclosing HIV status should be abolished, write three HIV/AIDS experts in an article in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-abolish-criminalization-hiv.html HIV & AIDS Mon, 19 Dec 2011 12:00:07 EST news243517029 For the first time, the positive effects of computer games on thoughts, emotions and behaviour will be the subject of closer scrutiny by social psychologists. A total of three studies will explore how, to which extent and for how long cooperative gaming behaviour influences the personality of gamers positively. The project, funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), will complete the current state of research on personality effects from computer games, which has previously been dominated by studies of negative consequences. The studies have the potential to offer significant ideas for analysing and reinforcing social skills in all age groups. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-video-games.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 12 Dec 2011 08:11:19 EST news242899867 Serious global discussions have begun in the lead-up to the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) deadline of 2015. Governments and international agencies are asking what has been achieved, what still needs to be done and how best to proceed after the deadline. Against this backdrop, a new paper published in the November issue of Reproductive Health Matters finds that "quick impact" strategies, which may have solved some problems, have created others. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-good-intentions-hamper-pursuit-global.html Health Mon, 28 Nov 2011 13:51:02 EST news241710652 People who are alcohol-dependent and who also carry a particular variant of a gene run an increased risk of premature death. This is a recent finding from the interdisciplinary research at the Department of Psychology and the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-gene-impedes-recovery-alcoholism.html Genetics Tue, 15 Nov 2011 13:40:39 EST news240586824 Individuals who practice religion and spirituality report better physical and mental health than those who do not. To better understand this relationship and how spirituality/religion can be used for coping with significant health issues, University of Missouri researchers are examining what aspects of religion are most beneficial and for what populations. Now, MU health psychology researchers have found that religious and spiritual support improves health outcomes for both men and women who face chronic health conditions. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-religious-spiritual-benefits-men-women.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 26 Oct 2011 13:56:34 EST news238856185 Women who take the Pill tend to choose as partners men who are less attractive and worse in bed but a sounder bet for a long-term relationship, according to an unusual study published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B on Tuesday. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-women-pill-dud-bed-dude.html Other Wed, 12 Oct 2011 05:17:09 EST news237615418 More research is needed before conclusions can be drawn about the effect of recent reforms on hospital quality, let alone about the merits of the coalition government's proposals to extend competition, warn experts on British Medical Journal website today. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-experts-merits-competition-hospital.html Health Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:09:34 EST news237524967 Scientists at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have uncovered a previously unknown fail-safe (compensatory) pathway that potentially protects the brain and other organs from genetic and environmental threats. The discovery could provide new ways to diminish the negative consequences of genetic mutations and environmental toxins that cause neurological diseases and other maladies. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-fail-safe-inherited-disorders.html Medical research Thu, 15 Sep 2011 14:06:05 EST news235314350 University of Missouri researchers have found evidence that shows those who quit smoking show improvements in their overall personality. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-personality.html Health Mon, 12 Sep 2011 15:55:03 EST news235061688 (Medical Xpress) -- Studies by psychologists at the University of Toronto reveal that when it comes to white men, being straight may make you more likable but in the case of black men, gays have a likeability edge. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-sexual-unconsciously-affects.html Psychology & Psychiatry Fri, 02 Sep 2011 06:38:49 EST news234164246 (Medical Xpress) -- Children who go through puberty at a faster rate are more likely to act out and to suffer from anxiety and depression, according to a study by researchers at Penn State, Duke University and the University of California, Davis. Theresults suggest that primary care providers, teachers and parents should look not only at the timing of puberty in relation to kids' behavior problems, but also at the tempo of puberty -- how fast or slow kids go through puberty. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-faster-puberty-linked-behavior-problems.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 01 Sep 2011 09:32:39 EST news234088349 Many wonder why bullies bully, but a new study looks at the other side of the equation: How do children respond to bullying and why? The answer, researchers say, may lead to more effective interventions to reduce the negative consequences – and perhaps even the frequency – of bullying. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-childhood-bullying-shifts-focus-victims.html Psychology & Psychiatry Tue, 30 Aug 2011 03:35:06 EST news233894070 Why do people behave selfishly and accept that their behaviour may have negative consequences for others? Astrid Matthey and Tobias Regner from the Max Planck Institute of Economics in Jena investigated this question in a laboratory experiment. They found that such behaviour often depends on whether information about the consequences for others can be ignored. Based on their findings, the researchers believe that conclusions can be drawn on, for instance, how the marketing of fair trade products could be improved. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-fair-self-image.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 27 Jul 2011 13:30:01 EST news230992064 Commuting practices among airline pilots could potentially contribute to their fatigue, and because fatigue can reduce performance, pilots, airlines, and the Federal Aviation Administration should take steps to reduce the likelihood that commuting will pose a safety risk, says a new report from the National Research Council. However, there are currently too little data to determine the extent to which it poses a safety risk or whether commuting should be regulated. The FAA should support a study to gather data on how commuting practices are related to risk factors for fatigue. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-likelihood-commuting-pose-safety.html Health Wed, 06 Jul 2011 13:16:10 EST news229176953 A study by University of Washington psychologists shows some people continue to drink heavily because of perceived positive effects, despite experiencing negative effects such as hangovers, fights and regrettable sexual situations. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-rose-colored-beer-goggles-social-benefits.html Health Tue, 05 Jul 2011 02:57:17 EST news229053411