http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. A study by researchers from Emory University and Indiana University found that the beneficial effects daily exercise can have on the regeneration of nerves also require androgens such as testosterone in both males and females. It is the first report of both androgen-dependence of exercise on nerve regeneration and of an androgenic effect of exercise in females. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-role-androgens-testosterone-nerve.html Neuroscience Mon, 15 Oct 2012 12:00:03 EST news269499339 Numerous studies have shown that female athletes are more likely to get knee injuries, especially anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and chronic pain, than their male counterparts. While previous research has focused on biomechanical differences as the main source of these problems, a new study suggests another distinction that could play a role: changes across the menstrual cycle in nerves that control muscle activity. The finding may eventually lead to new ways to prevent knee problems in female athletes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-nerve-muscle-vary-menstrual-higher.html Medical research Thu, 11 Oct 2012 07:53:50 EST news269160824 Low blood levels of vitamin D are associated with an increased number of brain lesions and signs of a more active disease state in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), a new study finds, suggesting a potential link between intake of the vitamin and the risk of longer-term disability from the autoimmune disorder. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-vitamin-d-linked-severe-multiple.html Neuroscience Tue, 02 Oct 2012 04:23:04 EST news268370555 People who take statins to reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease are less likely to be diagnosed with the most common form of glaucoma, according to a nationwide study of more than 300,000 patients. A University of Michigan School of Medicine research team, directed by Joshua Stein, MD, MS, found that the risk for glaucoma was reduced by eight percent in patients who took statins continuously for two years, compared with patients who did not take statins. The study, the largest to date on the topic, is published in the October issue of Ophthalmology, the journal of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-national-glaucoma-patients-statins.html Ophthalmology Mon, 01 Oct 2012 10:35:20 EST news268306513 (HealthDay)—A new pill can help prevent relapse in some people with multiple sclerosis (MS), new research indicates. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-bg-pill-relapsing-multiple-sclerosis.html Neuroscience Wed, 19 Sep 2012 18:08:24 EST news267296892 A growing body of research shows that children who suffer severe neglect and social isolation have cognitive and social impairments as adults. A study from Boston Children's Hospital shows, for the first time, how these functional impairments arise: Social isolation during early life prevents the cells that make up the brain's white matter from maturing and producing the right amount of myelin, the fatty "insulation" on nerve fibers that helps them transmit long-distance messages within the brain. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-early-social-deprivation-impairs-long-term.html Neuroscience Thu, 13 Sep 2012 14:00:01 EST news266762291 (Medical Xpress)—The world continues to be a noisy place, and Purdue University researchers have found that all that background chatter causes the ears of those with hearing impairments to work differently. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-impaired-ears-differently-noisy-environments.html Neuroscience Tue, 11 Sep 2012 13:46:43 EST news266589994 (HealthDay) -- Instead of reaching for a commercial medicine when your child is coughing through the night because of a common cold, Israeli researchers suggest giving honey a try. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-honey-sweet-treatment-kids-night-time.html Pediatrics Mon, 06 Aug 2012 10:49:23 EST news263468943 (Medical Xpress) -- Johns Hopkins researchers say they have discovered that the central nervous system's oligodendroglia cells, long believed to simply insulate nerves as they "fire" signals, are unexpectedly also vital to the survival of neurons. Damage to these insulators appears to contribute to brain injury in neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease for the Yankee baseball great who died from the disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-oligodendroglia-cells-neurons-neurodegeneration.html Neuroscience Wed, 11 Jul 2012 17:29:12 EST news261246488 Mayo Clinic researchers have successfully used smaller, folded DNA molecules to stimulate regeneration and repair of nerve coatings in mice that mimic multiple sclerosis (MS). They say the finding, published today in the journal PLoS ONE, suggests new possible therapies for MS patients. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-mayo-clinic-approach-reverse-multiple.html Medical research Thu, 28 Jun 2012 08:53:22 EST news260092395 UCLA researchers discovered that a diet enriched with a popular omega-3 fatty acid and an ingredient of curry spice preserved walking ability in rats with spinal-cord injury. Published June 26 in the Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, the findings suggest that these dietary supplements help repair nerve cells and maintain neurological function after degenerative damage to the neck. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-omega-fatty-acid-curry-spice.html Neuroscience Tue, 26 Jun 2012 10:00:01 EST news259922710 Severe pain is a major symptom of pancreatic cancer. The results of a new study show that four different factors involved in the growth and maintenance of nerves are elevated in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. This is a step forward in understanding the relationship between the development of pain and the progression of pancreatic cancer. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-nerve-growth-factors-elevated-pancreatic.html Cancer Tue, 19 Jun 2012 11:06:03 EST news259322748 The brain receives information from the ear in a surprisingly orderly fashion, according to a University at Buffalo study scheduled to appear June 6 in the Journal of Neuroscience. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-ear-brain-surprisingly-fashion.html Neuroscience Tue, 05 Jun 2012 17:00:02 EST news258113712 (HealthDay) -- Yet another orally taken medication shows some promise in preventing relapse and disability for people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, a new report suggests. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-experimental-pill-ease-multiple-sclerosis.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Wed, 14 Mar 2012 18:21:03 EST news250968055 The soldier on the fringes of an explosion. The survivor of a car wreck. The football player who took yet another skull-rattling hit. Too often, only time can tell when a traumatic brain injury will leave lasting harm - there's no good way to diagnose the damage. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-unseen-traumatic-brain-injury.html Neuroscience Fri, 02 Mar 2012 04:50:01 EST news249885625 In a reversal of two decades of medical reports, a Mayo Clinic study finds the frequency of nerve damage called diabetic polyneuropathy is similar in prediabetic patients and healthy people. Physicians should seek explanations other than prediabetes for patients who have painful small fiber polyneuropathy, the researchers say. The study was published in the February issue of Diabetes Care. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-prediabetes-diabetic-polyneuropathies.html Diabetes Wed, 22 Feb 2012 09:24:58 EST news249125066 A new study led by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found significant differences in brain development starting at age 6 months in high-risk infants who later develop autism, compared to high-risk infants who did not develop autism. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-differences-autism-brain-early-months.html Autism spectrum disorders Fri, 17 Feb 2012 04:36:59 EST news248675809 Ever gone to the movies and forgotten where you parked the car? New UCLA research may one day help you improve your memory. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-scientists-memory-key-site-brain.html Neuroscience Wed, 08 Feb 2012 17:24:37 EST news247944267 It's still unclear what's different in the brains of people with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but evidence from genetic and cell studies points to abnormalities in how brain cells (neurons) connect to each other. A study at Children's Hospital Boston now provides visual evidence associating autism with a disorganized structure of brain connections, as well as defects in myelin -- the fatty, insulating coating that helps nerve fibers conduct signals and that makes up the brain's white matter. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-autism-involve-disordered-white-brain.html Autism spectrum disorders Mon, 05 Dec 2011 13:23:38 EST news242313806 Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study the effects of soccer 'heading,' researchers have found that players who head the ball with high frequency have brain abnormalities similar to those found in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Results of their study were presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-soccer-ball-brain-injury.html Health Tue, 29 Nov 2011 01:46:55 EST news241753597 (Medical Xpress) -- Distinct neural pathways are important for different aspects of language processing, researchers have discovered, studying patients with language impairments caused by neurodegenerative diseases. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-brain-words-sentences.html Neuroscience Thu, 24 Nov 2011 07:58:12 EST news241343822 Functional electrical stimulation (FES) was developed to help return lost function to patients with upper and lower extremity injuries and spinal cord injuries, among other applications. However, the devices, which work by stimulating neuronal activity in nerve-damaged patients, have a potential shortcoming in that the electrical currents needed for the treatment to work can also send errant signals to surrounding nerves, resulting in painful side effects. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-method-electrical-nerves.html Medical research Mon, 21 Nov 2011 19:10:01 EST news241117407 Vitamin D levels are significantly lower in patients with recurrent inflammatory spinal cord disease, according to a study published Online First by Archives of Neurology. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-vitamin-d-recurrent-inflammatory-spinal.html Neuroscience Mon, 14 Nov 2011 16:29:42 EST news240510574 An experimental drug called Ocrelizumab has shown promise in a Phase 2 clinical trial involving 220 people with multiple sclerosis (MS), an often debilitating, chronic autoimmune disease that affects an increasing number of people in North America. It usually strikes young adults and is more common in women than in men. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-drug-multiple-sclerosis.html Neuroscience Tue, 01 Nov 2011 18:00:01 EST news239388128 Old stem cells can be rejuvenated by being placed in a young microenvironment, research from The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio shows. This raises the possibility that patients' own stem cells may one day be rescued and banked to treat their age-related diseases. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-personal-stem-cell-banks-staple.html Medical research Tue, 01 Nov 2011 09:18:55 EST news239357923 When a motor nerve is severely damaged, people rarely recover full muscle strength and function. Neuroscientists from Children's Hospital Boston, combining patient data with observations in a mouse model, now show why. It's not that motor nerve fibers don't regrow -- they can -- but they don't grow fast enough. By the time they get to the muscle fibers, they can no longer communicate with them. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-reversing-motor-nerve-essence.html Medical research Mon, 03 Oct 2011 12:00:05 EST news236861754 Scientists have identified a surprising new role for a new type of T cell in the immune system: some of them can be activated by nerves to make a neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) that blocks inflammation. The discovery of these T cells is novel and suggests that it may be possible to treat inflammation and autoimmune diseases by targeting the nerves and the T cells. The study was published this week in Science. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-cells-brain-chemicals-treatments-inflammation.html Medical research Fri, 16 Sep 2011 11:00:30 EST news235389535 The moment you step into oppressive heat, the body senses life-threatening danger and starts fighting to keep things cool. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-extreme-affects-body.html Health Fri, 22 Jul 2011 14:00:02 EST news230556561 (Medical Xpress) -- Researchers from Japan recently published a paper in PLoS One describing their successful growth and transplantation of new teeth created from the stem cells of mice. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-stem-cells-fully-functional-teeth.html Medical research Wed, 13 Jul 2011 07:20:01 EST news229747571 (Medical Xpress) -- A drug widely used in over-the-counter cough medicines appears to protect against symptoms of multiple sclerosis, a finding that could offer a new and inexpensive therapy for a condition with few effective treatment options, a study by UC Davis researchers has found. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-common-medicine-multiple-sclerosis.html Medications Fri, 08 Jul 2011 08:26:49 EST news229332388