http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. There is no government strategy to fight the spread of AIDS in Russia, where the number of deaths caused by the disease continues to grow, a senior healthcare official said on Thursday. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-russia-anti-aids-strategy.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 16 May 2013 15:03:36 EST news287935410 A study published in the May 2013 issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry found that mental health resources provided by schools are significantly associated with whether adolescents with mental disorders receive needed mental health services. In particular, adolescents with disorders attending schools that engage in early identification of emotional problems, are significantly more likely to receive mental health services. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-schools-gap-mental-health-adolescents.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 06 May 2013 10:32:26 EST news287055139 (Medical Xpress)—Prevention is often the best medicine, and that is not only true when it comes to physical health, but also public health. Case in point – young adults reduce their overall prescription drug misuse up to 65 percent if they are part of a community-based prevention effort while still in middle school, according to researchers at Iowa State University. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-prosper-substance-abuse-teens.html Addiction Thu, 25 Apr 2013 08:40:03 EST news286095699 Prior research has shown that the transition from high school to college is a particularly vulnerable time, associated with increased alcohol use and risk of negative alcohol-related consequences. While studies have examined the effectiveness of prevention programs to address this problem, few have examined which students may benefit the most. A study of student characteristics has found that parent-based interventions (PBIs) can be effective even among those students feeling high peer pressure to drink alcohol. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-parents-children-alcohol-pitfalls-transition.html Addiction Tue, 16 Apr 2013 16:33:36 EST news285348809 By stimulating one part of the brain with laser light, researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center at UC San Francisco (UCSF) have shown that they can wipe away addictive behavior in rats – or conversely turn non-addicted rats into compulsive cocaine seekers. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-laser-zaps-cocaine-addiction.html Neuroscience Wed, 03 Apr 2013 13:24:07 EST news284214213 Many people know what it's like to feel sad or down from time to time. We can experience negative emotions due to many things – a bad day at work, a relationship break-up, a sad film, or just getting out of bed on the "wrong side". Sometimes we even say that we're feeling a bit "depressed". But what does that mean, and how can we tell when it's more than just a feeling? http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-isdepression.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 11 Mar 2013 09:42:59 EST news282213764 (AP)—A new study says California's tobacco prevention program saved $134 billion in health care costs over the last two decades. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-tobacco-lowers-ca-health.html Addiction Wed, 13 Feb 2013 17:04:59 EST news279997479 (HealthDay)—Family physicians can play a role in addressing and preventing violence in the community, according to a Jan. 17 letter to President Obama from the American Association of Family Physicians (AAFP). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-aafp-obama-family-docs-key.html Health Fri, 25 Jan 2013 13:03:18 EST news278341393 (HealthDay)—Strong school smoking-prevention programs and high cigarette prices can reduce smoking among high school students, according to a new study. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-pricey-cigarettes-strict-schools-curb.html Health Thu, 13 Dec 2012 17:53:42 EST news274643610 Efforts to help overweight patients avoid diabetes through lifestyle changes need not rely on intensive, one-on-one focused programs, a new clinical study from the Stanford University School of Medicine and the Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute has found. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-pre-diabetic-patients-self-directed-lifestyle-interventions.html Diabetes Mon, 10 Dec 2012 16:00:07 EST news274361457 (HealthDay)—Fractures account for about 10 percent of all injuries suffered by U.S. high school athletes, and can have a major physical, emotional and financial impact on the young competitors, according to a new study. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-fractures-high-toll-school-athletes.html Health Tue, 04 Dec 2012 19:00:04 EST news273861651 A new Yale School of Medicine study shows that cases of serious physical abuse in children, such as head injuries, burns, and fractures, increased slightly by about 5% in the last 12 years. This is in sharp contrast to data from child protective services agencies, which show a 55% decrease in physical abuse cases from 1997 to 2009. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-child-abuse-injuries.html Pediatrics Mon, 01 Oct 2012 02:54:05 EST news268278837 (Medical Xpress)—Black urban teenagers from low-income families face a rate of sexually transmitted disease up to 10 times higher than their white counterparts, but recent studies at Oregon State University have identified approaches to prevention programs that might reduce this problem. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-std-epidemic-black-teenagers.html Health Tue, 25 Sep 2012 14:53:51 EST news267803623 While many might see the case for programs to prevent adolescent cigarette smoking as already made, a pair of Wayne State University researchers believes that due to increasingly challenging economic times, policymakers need to be reminded to continue allocating funding for such programs. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-adolescent-critical.html Addiction Fri, 31 Aug 2012 11:50:53 EST news265632644 Traditional in-person bullying is far more common than cyberbullying among today's youth and should be the primary focus of prevention programs, according to research findings presented at the American Psychological Association's 120th Annual Convention. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-08-cyberbullying-frequent-traditional-bullying-international.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 06 Aug 2012 09:45:49 EST news263465140 The rate of new HIV infections among black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States, particularly younger men, is high and suggests the need for prevention programs specifically tailored to this population, according to initial findings from the HPTN 061 study. The preliminary results were presented at the XIX International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2012) in Washington, D.C., by study co-chair Kenneth Mayer, M.D., medical research director for the Fenway Community Health Center in Boston. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-nih-funded-high-hiv-infection-gay.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 26 Jul 2012 09:40:55 EST news262514402 Ending the global HIV/AIDS pandemic may be possible by implementing a multifaceted global effort that expands testing, treatment, and prevention programs, as well as meets the scientific challenges of developing an HIV vaccine and possibly a cure, according to a Viewpoint in the July 25 issue of JAMA, a theme issue on HIV/AIDS. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-aids-free.html HIV & AIDS Sun, 22 Jul 2012 15:22:44 EST news262189359 Women with high family support and limited pressure to achieve the 'thin and beautiful' ideal have a more positive body image. That's according to a new study looking at five factors that may help young women to be more positive about their bodies, in the context of a society where discontent with appearance is common among women. The work by Dr. Shannon Snapp, from the University of Arizona in the US, and colleagues is published online in Springer's journal, Sex Roles. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-factors-positive-body-image-women.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 09 May 2012 12:13:23 EST news255784378 A research conducted at the University of Granada has demonstrated the efficiency of a heart rehabilitation program aimed at patients suffering from heart disease. The authors of this study affirm that it is essential that heart rehabilitation programs aimed at cardiac patients are established. In Spain, a low percentage of cardiac patients participate in this type of programs, as compared to the rest of Europe. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-positive-effects-heart-patients.html Cardiology Thu, 03 May 2012 12:00:01 EST news255261483 (HealthDay) -- Cyberbullying is different than traditional bullying, and anti-bullying programs need to use specific measures to combat online aggression, a new Canadian study says. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-cyberbullying-tactics.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 23 Apr 2012 18:10:01 EST news254421130 Police officers are always trying to control the misconduct of those who are on parole in order to control crime in the community, but what types of behaviors land them back in jail and what can law enforcement officials do about it? A recent article in the Journal of Correctional Health Care (JCHC), published by SAGE, discusses how to target the most common risky behaviors among specific groups of parolees in order to lower crime in the community. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-explores-decrease-risky-behavior-parolees.html Health Thu, 12 Apr 2012 12:04:42 EST news253451072 Programs to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in high-risk adults would result in fewer people developing diabetes and lower health care costs over time, researchers conclude in a new study funded by the National Institutes of Health. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-interventions-diabetes-good-investment.html Diabetes Thu, 22 Mar 2012 15:00:01 EST news251637033 Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine have found that 92 percent of more than 1,000 gastroenterologists responding to a survey believed that pressures to increase the volume of colonoscopies adversely impacted how they performed their procedures, which could potentially affect the quality of colon cancer screening. The findings, based on responses from members of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE), are published in the March 2012 issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-pressures-volume-colonoscopies-adversely-impacts.html Cancer Mon, 12 Mar 2012 11:15:09 EST news250769702 In a look at how major stressors during childhood can change a person's biological risk for psychiatric disorders, researchers at Butler Hospital have discovered a genetic alteration at the root of the association. The research, published online in PLoS ONE on January 25, 2012, suggests that childhood adversity may lead to epigenetic changes in the human glucocorticoid receptor gene, an important regulator of the biological stress response that may increase risk for psychiatric disorders. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-02-childhood-adversity-genetics.html Genetics Mon, 27 Feb 2012 14:50:10 EST news249576599 Research led by University of Southern California (USC) professor Mary Ann Pentz, Ph.D., shows that black middle school students whose close friends drink alcohol are more likely to drink alcohol in high school than their white classmates. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-11-underage-friends-high-indicator-future.html Health Tue, 01 Nov 2011 09:17:58 EST news239357848 (AP) -- An estimated 100,000 people in India may have escaped HIV infection over five years thanks to one of the world's biggest prevention programs, an encouraging sign that targeting high-risk groups remains vital even as more donors focus on treatment, a new study suggests. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-gates-100k-indians-hiv.html HIV & AIDS Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:27 EST news237524414 Delaying the age when kids try alcohol or smoking decreases the likelihood that they will become dependent later in life. Effective interventions exist, but community disagreements about which programs to try can stymie decisions. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-effort-delinquency-drug.html Health Mon, 03 Oct 2011 17:10:49 EST news236880643 The White House Task Force on Childhood Obesity, created by the president as part of the first lady's "Let's Move" campaign, aims to solve the epidemic of childhood obesity within a generation, returning the country to a rate of 5 percent by 2030, which was the rate before childhood obesity first began to rise in the late 1970s. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-white-house-childhood-obesity-task.html Health Thu, 08 Sep 2011 11:58:07 EST news234701870 A new study shows that donations collected by check boxes on state income tax forms, fees from license plates and revenue from state lottery tickets have raised millions for breast cancer research and prevention programs across the country, according to researchers at Washington University in St. Louis. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-pink-ribbon-dollars-financial-gaps.html Health Wed, 31 Aug 2011 11:35:53 EST news234009338 The recurrence of an employee's medical leave of absence from work tends to happen much sooner with a mental health leave than a physical one, a Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) study shows. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-06-workplace-mental-health-disability-recurs.html Health Wed, 29 Jun 2011 12:02:16 EST news228567719