http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Social stigma is harming attempts to combat cervical cancer in India where more women die annually of the disease than anywhere else in the world, a new report said Friday. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-stigma-hampering-cervical-cancer-india.html Cancer Fri, 10 May 2013 05:57:16 EST news287384220 In the heat of the moment, it's a good bet sexually transmitted infections are the last thing on a teen's or young adult's mind. Thus, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, young people ages 15-24, who make up just more than one-quarter of the sexually active population, account for half of the 20 million new sexually transmitted infections that occur in the U.S. each year. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-teens-young-adults-disproportionate-stds.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Sun, 28 Apr 2013 19:20:01 EST news286392722 A reformulated version of an anti-HIV gel developed for vaginal use was found safe and acceptable by HIV-negative men and women who used it rectally, according to a Phase I clinical trial published today in PLOS ONE. The study, led by researchers with the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Microbicide Trials Network (MTN), tested a reduced glycerin formulation of tenofovir gel, and has spurred the development of an expanded safety study of the gel, expected to launch later this year. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-gel-safe-approach-hiv-anal.html HIV & AIDS Wed, 03 Apr 2013 17:00:11 EST news284215947 Hong Kong saw a 17-percent jump in the number of new HIV infections in 2012, driven mainly by sexual transmission, data showed Wednesday, bucking a regional trend of decline. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-hong-kong-percent-hiv-cases.html HIV & AIDS Wed, 06 Mar 2013 07:24:49 EST news281777078 Support services for people living with HIV will benefit from better information about prosecutions for the sexual transmission of HIV, according to a report released today by researchers from Sigma Research at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, and Birkbeck, University of London. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-guidance-hiv-transmission-law.html HIV & AIDS Tue, 05 Mar 2013 19:00:04 EST news281723817 A new report suggests that the concentration of one human cytokine, interleukin 7 (IL-7), in the semen of HIV-1-infected men may be a key determinant of the efficiency of HIV-1 transmission to an uninfected female partner. In their study published February 7 in the Open Access journal PLOS Pathogens, a research group from the Eunice Kennedy-Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) led by Leonid Margolis report that the increased IL-7 concentration in semen facilitates HIV transmission to cervical tissue ex vivo. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-hiv-exploits-human-cytokine-semen.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 07 Feb 2013 17:00:03 EST news279466658 A new study shows that a microbicide gel is highly effective in block infection by the AIDS virus in a non-human primate model. In the paper published December 6 in the Open Access journal PLOS Pathogens, Dereuddre-Bosquet and colleagues from the European Combined Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Microbicides (CHAARM) Consortium describe the gel's key ingredient, which are small peptides engineered to present a decoy to bind up the virus and prevent it from entering and infecting the cells of the body. Because this is a gel it can be topically applied and could represent a powerful preventative agent against sexual transmission of HIV. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-vaginal-microbicide-gel-strategy-hiv.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 06 Dec 2012 17:10:02 EST news274031729 A new 90-day intravaginal ring has been developed—that for the first time—enables the long-lasting vaginal delivery of tenofovir (TFV), the only topical prophylactic shown to be effective at reducing the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) when formulated in a short-lasting gel. This research is being presented at the 2012 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS) Annual Meeting and Exposition in Chicago, Ill., Oct. 14 – 18. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-intravaginal-hiv.html HIV & AIDS Tue, 16 Oct 2012 14:30:01 EST news269614823 The UN agency tasked with fighting AIDS on Tuesday welcomed the decision by the United States to allow the use of an HIV prevention pill for the first time. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-unaids-drug-hiv.html HIV & AIDS Tue, 17 Jul 2012 06:38:40 EST news261725914 In the battle against HIV/AIDS conditions on the frontlines are constantly in flux as treatment, research and policy evolve. The landmark HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 study, which established that antiretroviral treatment in people who are HIV positive decreases the likelihood of transmitting HIV to their sexual partners, was no exception. One year after publication the study serves as a case study of ethical challenges faced at every stage of the research trial process in the new paper "Establishing HIV treatment as prevention in the HIV Prevention Trials Network 052 randomized trial: an ethical odyssey," published in the June 2012 issue of Clinical Trials. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-lessons-ethical-odyssey-hiv-trial.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 14 Jun 2012 12:02:03 EST news258894113 Chinese researchers said Monday they have discovered an HIV-blocking agent that could be developed into a gel to limit the sexual transmission of AIDS. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-chinese-eye-anti-aids-gel.html HIV & AIDS Mon, 23 Apr 2012 09:15:44 EST news254391335 Are women willing to use a vaginal gel to protect themselves against HIV infection? Researchers at The Miriam Hospital say that is the million dollar question when it comes to developing products known as microbicides that can prevent the sexual transmission of HIV. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-women-microbicides-hiv.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 19 Apr 2012 13:20:02 EST news254058949 A gel formulation of the antiretroviral drug tenofovir designed specifically for rectal use was found safe and acceptable, according to a Phase I clinical study led by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Microbicide Trials Network (MTN), and presented today at the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI). The results of the study, which included HIV-negative men and women who used the gel rectally once a day for one week, serve as an important step toward the development and testing of a rectal microbicide to prevent HIV from anal sex. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-03-rectal-tenofovir-gel-safe-early.html HIV & AIDS Tue, 06 Mar 2012 04:20:01 EST news250228749 University of Utah researchers have discovered a new class of compounds that stick to the sugary coating of the AIDS virus and inhibit it from infecting cells – an early step toward a new treatment to prevent sexual transmission of the virus. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-hiv-sugar-coating-microbicide-block.html HIV & AIDS Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:13:20 EST news235969982 Could engineered fatty particles help prevent AIDS? Liposomes block HIV infection in early tests; could be a cost-effective preventive for developing countries http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-fatty-particles-aids.html HIV & AIDS Mon, 19 Sep 2011 16:48:44 EST news235669669 Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered rare. But a new study by researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, working with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), provides substantial evidence that men with HIV who have sex with other men (MSM) are at increased risk for contracting HCV through sex. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-07-hepatitis-transmitted-unprotected-sex-hiv-infected.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 21 Jul 2011 14:53:03 EST news230478701 Despite significant clinical advances in HIV care, an estimated 25 per cent of new HIV infections in Ontario from 2006 to 2008 were among women, according to a health study by researchers from the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) and St. Michael's Hospital. The researchers say 93 per cent of new infections among women are acquired through sexual transmission and seven per cent through injection drug use. About 60 per cent of newly infected women are immigrants. The findings, the latest from the POWER (Project for an Ontario Women's Health Evidence-Based Report) study, suggest targeted prevention and intervention efforts are necessary to eliminate gaps and inequities in care for HIV patients. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-06-hiv-infections-ontario-women.html HIV & AIDS Wed, 01 Jun 2011 04:19:54 EST news226120719 Men and women infected with HIV reduced the risk of transmitting the virus to their sexual partners by taking oral antiretroviral medicines when their immune systems were relatively healthy, according to findings from a large-scale clinical study sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-05-hiv-infected-people-antiretrovirals-significantly-transmission.html HIV & AIDS Thu, 12 May 2011 11:43:02 EST news224419358 (PhysOrg.com) -- Little did Brian Foy know that when he came home from a scientific research trip and had sex with his wife that that sexual act would create virological history. A study just released in Emerging Infectious Diseases presents the case of probable sexual transmission of the Zika virus. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-04-sexual-transmission-insect-born-virus.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 07 Apr 2011 12:51:35 EST news221399472