http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Each day, an average of nine people are killed in the United States and more than 1,000 injured by drivers doing something other than driving. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-drivers-attention.html Health Tue, 21 May 2013 06:14:56 EST news288335683 Men experience a higher burden of disease and lower life expectancy than women, but policies focusing on the health needs of men are notably absent from the strategies of global health organisations, according to a Viewpoint article in this week's Lancet. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-global-health-policy-burden-disease.html Health Thu, 16 May 2013 19:00:01 EST news287944669 (Medical Xpress)—As Autism Awareness Month kicks off this April, experts at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) offer tips to an increasing number of parents and children facing the challenges the disorder presents. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-child-autism.html Autism spectrum disorders Wed, 03 Apr 2013 09:00:01 EST news284197461 Authors Emily Bazelon and R.J. Palacio on Monday joined Richard Weissbourd, director of the Human Development and Psychology Program at the Harvard Graduate School of Education (HGSE), at Longfellow Hall to trade ideas about ending bullying at U.S. schools. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-03-schoolyard-scourge-bullying-impact-technology.html Psychology & Psychiatry Wed, 06 Mar 2013 09:00:01 EST news281780200 Researchers should study how people's social and personal norms are influenced by behavior and use their insights to help governments promote pro-environmental actions, a distinguished group of scholars writes in the March issue of BioScience. The authors maintain that effective policies induce not only short-term changes in behavior but also long-term changes in norms. More effective management of social norms will be necessary, they write, to persuade the public to accept the inconvenience and expense of many environmental policies. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-scientists-advance-behavioral-norms.html Health Wed, 13 Feb 2013 03:04:28 EST news279947058 A new study from the Journal of Marketing Management suggests that the UK's alcohol problem will continue to worsen until the availability and cultural presence of alcohol is subject to stricter controls. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-binge-approach.html Addiction Fri, 04 Jan 2013 09:04:03 EST news276512616 People with psychopathic tendencies have an impaired sense of smell, which points to inefficient processing in the front part of the brain. These findings by Mehmet Mahmut and Richard Stevenson, from Macquarie University in Australia, are published online in Springer's journal Chemosensory Perception. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-poor-marker-psychopathic-traits.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 20 Sep 2012 11:26:28 EST news267359139 (Medical Xpress) -- We all know that, for the most part, it’s wrong to kill other people, it’s inappropriate to wear jeans to bed, and we shouldn’t ignore people when they are talking to us. We know these things because we’re bonded to others through social norms – we tend to do things the same way people around us do them and, most importantly, the way in which they expect us to do them. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-toddlers-people.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 26 Jul 2012 08:45:05 EST news262511082 A pair of neuroscientists from Vanderbilt and Harvard Universities has proposed the first neurobiological model for third-party punishment. It outlines a collection of potential cognitive and brain processes that evolutionary pressures could have re-purposed to make this behavior possible. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-crime-neurobiological-roots-modern-justice.html Neuroscience Wed, 18 Apr 2012 13:20:01 EST news253973711 If you want to change how teenagers view bullying, go to the straight to the source of most school trends: the most connected crowd. According to new intervention research, targeting the most influential students in a school could be a key factor in reducing harassment and bullying. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-people-behavior-bullying-scientists.html Psychology & Psychiatry Fri, 27 Jan 2012 09:56:36 EST news246880562 While all obese women are less satisfied with the weight-related quality of their lives than women of 'normal' weight, black women report a higher quality of life than white women of the same weight. In addition, black women appear to be more concerned about the physical limitations resulting from their obesity, than by the potential psychological consequences of being overweight or obese. These findings by Dr. Tiffany L. Cox, and her team from the University of Alabama at Birmingham, the Neuropsychiatric Research Institute in Fargo, ND, and Obesity and Quality of Life Consulting in Durham, NC, are published online in Springer's journal Applied Research in Quality of Life. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-12-overweight-stigma-african-american-women.html Overweight and Obesity Wed, 07 Dec 2011 12:23:34 EST news242483006 Civilized human cohabitation requires us to respect elementary social norms. We guarantee compliance with these norms with our willingness to punish norm violations – often even at our own expense. This behavior goes against our own economic self-interest and requires us to control our egoistic impulses. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-fair-sanctions-orchestrated-brain.html Neuroscience Thu, 06 Oct 2011 10:50:03 EST news237116376 Drinking can be influenced by both personal and societal factors, including economic fluctuations, political instability, and social norms. These factors, in turn, can vary among countries and time periods, leading to different "drinking cultures." A review of 31 peer-reviewed and published studies looked at birth-cohort and gender differences in alcohol consumption, alcohol disorders, and mortality. Analysis showed that people born after World War II are more likely to binge drink and develop alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and that the gender gap in alcohol problems is narrowing in many countries. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-09-people-born-world-war-ii.html Health Thu, 15 Sep 2011 17:20:26 EST news235326011 If you follow the pack are you more likely to co-operate with others in it? Not necessarily according to research into social behaviour by academics at the University of East Anglia. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-08-conformity-equal-cooperation.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 01 Aug 2011 11:20:10 EST news231413629 Psychopaths are charming, but they often get themselves and others in big trouble; their willingness to break social norms and lack of remorse means they are often at risk for crimes and other irresponsible behaviors. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-05-deficit-harbinger-future-psychopaths.html Psychology & Psychiatry Thu, 19 May 2011 14:23:37 EST news225033792 Patricia Schnitzer, associate professor in the MU Sinclair School of Nursing, says that most unintentional child injury deaths of young children result from inadequate supervision or failure to protect children from harm. Although injuries to children may be unintentional, they can be prevented and should not be considered accidents. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-04-unintentional-child-injuries-deaths-health.html Health Fri, 29 Apr 2011 10:24:08 EST news223291434 People in different cultures make different assumptions about the people around them, according to an upcoming study published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. The researchers studied the brain waves of people with Caucasian and Asian backgrounds and found that cultural differences in how we think about other people are embedded deep in our minds. Cultural differences are evident very deep in the brain, challenging a commonsense notion that culture is skin deep. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-04-actions-personality-east-west.html Psychology & Psychiatry Mon, 11 Apr 2011 16:24:40 EST news221757868