http://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on Health and Medicine. Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) are prescribed frequently— especially for younger adult patients and in primary care settings—despite recent consensus guidelines that discourage antibiotic use in mild cases, according to a study in the May 2013 issue of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-variations-antibiotic-acute-rhinosinusitis-states.html Surgery Thu, 09 May 2013 10:48:45 EST news287315304 (HealthDay)—Ground turkey from retail stores is often contaminated with fecal bacteria, and in many cases the bacteria are resistant to antibiotics, according to a report published in the June issue of Consumer Reports. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-bacterial-contamination-rife-retail-ground.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 03 May 2013 10:00:01 EST news286791980 (HealthDay)—The widely used antibiotic azithromycin (Zithromax or Zmax)—under scrutiny recently because it may increase the risk of death for those with existing heart disease—appears to be safe for young and middle-aged adults without heart problems, according to a large new study. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-azithromycin-tied-cv-death.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 02 May 2013 06:00:02 EST news286690324 Giving prescribers access to education and advice or imposing restrictions on use can curb overuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics in hospitals, according to a new Cochrane systematic review. This is important because unnecessary use of these life-saving drugs is a key source of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-excessive-antibiotics-hospitals.html Medications Mon, 29 Apr 2013 19:00:02 EST news286480695 Probiotics could emerge as a treatment plan to manage hepatic encephalopathy (HE) therapy after a new study announced at the International Liver Congress 2013 found they significantly reduced development of the notoriously difficult-to-treat disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-probiotics-hepatic-encephalopathy.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 25 Apr 2013 10:33:05 EST news286104724 The research led by Durham University, which involved colleagues at the University of Birmingham, is a significant development in combating antibiotic resistance; it will pave the way for the creation of the inhibitors to counteract the process, allowing a renaissance in the use of antibiotics. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-significant-combating-antibiotic-resistance.html Medical research Wed, 24 Apr 2013 19:00:03 EST news286038291 Today, at the start of the "Tick Week", the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) and Wageningen University are commencing a large-scale study to discover whether preventive use of antibiotics can stop Lyme disease developing after a tick bite. Of the more than 3400 ticks that were sent to RIVM via Tekenradar.nl (Tick radar) last year, more than 20% turned out to be infected with the Borrelia bacteria which can cause Lyme disease. Around 3% of the people bitten by ticks developed Lyme disease. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-large-scale-antibiotic-usage-lyme-disease.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 16 Apr 2013 09:13:46 EST news285322416 Tonsillectomy may result in fewer severe sore throats and could benefit some adult patients, according to a randomized trial published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-04-tonsillectomy-adults-severe-recurrent-sore.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 02 Apr 2013 12:00:08 EST news284114305 Strains of potentially deadly, antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria show seasonal infection preferences, putting children at greater risk in summer and seniors at greater risk in winter, according to results of a new nationwide study led by a Johns Hopkins researcher. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-strains-antibiotic-resistant-staph-bacteria-seasonal.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 28 Feb 2013 04:13:58 EST news281247228 (HealthDay)—The American Academy of Pediatrics has issued new guidelines for identifying and treating a common childhood ailment that can cause a lot of misery—the ear infection. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-pediatrics-group-issues-ear-infection.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 25 Feb 2013 11:30:01 EST news281013422 The increasing production and use of antibiotics, about half of which is used in animal production, is mirrored by the growing number of antibiotic resistance genes, or ARGs, effectively reducing antibiotics' ability to fend off diseases – in animals and humans. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-unchecked-antibiotic-animals-affect-global.html Medical research Mon, 11 Feb 2013 15:00:14 EST news279804999 In the first study of its kind, researchers at the Columbia University School of Nursing have established that poor health literacy among Latino parents is associated with a poor understanding of the proper use antibiotics, particularly for upper respiratory infections (URIs), which can lead to an increase in antimicrobial resistance. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-02-parental-misconceptions-antibiotics-linked-poor.html Medications Mon, 04 Feb 2013 08:56:06 EST news279190443 A major European and global health issue is resistance to or inappropriate use of antibiotics. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) estimates that each year, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) results in 25 000 deaths and related costs of over EUR 1.5 billion in healthcare expenses and productivity losses. Over the last four years, there has been a significant increasing trend of combined resistance to multiple antibiotics in both Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli in more than one-third of the EU/EEA countries. In addition, in several Member States, between 25 % and up to more than 60 % of Klebsiella pneumoniae from bloodstream infections show combined resistance to multiple antibiotics. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-01-threat-antibiotic-resistance.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 10 Jan 2013 06:15:02 EST news277020890 The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), and the American Dental Association (ADA) found that there is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine use of antibiotics for patients with orthopaedic implants to prevent infections prior to having dental procedures because there is no direct evidence that routine dental procedures cause prosthetic joint infections. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-evidence-insufficient-routine-antibiotics-joint.html Other Tue, 18 Dec 2012 13:23:07 EST news275059377 Nobody wants the common cold as a guest, but the upper respiratory infection keeps knocking at the door, never more frequently than during the winter holiday season. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-cold-flu-myths-facts.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 17 Dec 2012 10:40:01 EST news274961834 A study of more than 33,000 outpatient male veterans suggests that a longer duration of antimicrobial treatment of more than seven days for a urinary tract infection (UTI) appeared not to be associated with a reduced risk of early or late recurrence compared to a shorter duration (seven days or less) of treatment, according to a report published Online First by Archives of Internal Medicine, a JAMA Network publication. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-longer-treatment-male-uti-early.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 03 Dec 2012 16:00:20 EST news273758214 (HealthDay)—Americans are not as smart about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance as they should be, a new poll shows. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-americans-dark-antibiotic-resistance.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 13 Nov 2012 18:30:11 EST news272048505 (HealthDay)—Children of mothers who contract the flu or have a prolonged fever while pregnant may have a very slight increased risk of developing autism spectrum disorder, a new study suggests. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-autism-pregnancy-factors.html Autism spectrum disorders Mon, 12 Nov 2012 16:50:02 EST news271959904 Three top Dutch medical schools are asking thousands of travellers to tropical countries to donate stool samples on return for a study into the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-11-dutch-poop-scientific.html Medical research Fri, 02 Nov 2012 07:25:41 EST news271059932 (HealthDay)—Greater use of antibiotics is the main reason for an increase in the number and severity of Clostridium difficile infections among hospitalized children and elderly people, researchers report. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-antibiotic-tied-diarrheal-infections-hospitals.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 22 Oct 2012 17:40:02 EST news270144907 A study involving one of the nation's largest networks of pediatric practices was able to nearly halve the inappropriate use of antibiotics through quarterly monitoring and feedback of the physicians' prescribing patterns. The research, which is being presented at IDWeek, is one of the first to look at an antimicrobial stewardship intervention in the outpatient setting. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-inappropriate-antibiotic-pediatricians.html Medications Thu, 18 Oct 2012 15:54:16 EST news269794437 Career paths can start to take shape in many unexpected ways. For UCLA physician Daniel Uslan, it all started in a class for kids called "It's a Small World." That's when the five-year-old made sourdough bread with his father. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-10-superbugs.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Thu, 11 Oct 2012 06:51:28 EST news269157081 (HealthDay)—Doctors need to accurately diagnose and treat strep throat in order to avoid inappropriate use of antibiotics that can lead to drug-resistant bacteria, according to updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-strep-throat-guidelines-tackle-antibiotic.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 10 Sep 2012 12:20:01 EST news266497112 Antibiotic treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanate improves moderate exacerbations in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and significantly prolongs the time between exacerbations, according to a new study from researchers in Spain. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-antibiotic-therapy-moderate-exacerbations-mild-to-moderate.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Fri, 07 Sep 2012 12:43:47 EST news266240616 You're in the supermarket eyeing a basket of sweet, juicy plums. You reach for the conventionally grown stone fruit, then decide to spring the extra $1/pound for its organic cousin. You figure you've just made the healthier decision by choosing the organic product—but new findings from Stanford University cast some doubt on your thinking. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-09-evidence-health-benefits-foods.html Health Mon, 03 Sep 2012 17:00:03 EST news265890529 A training tool that helps physicians involve patients in decision-making can reduce the use of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections, according to a study published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-07-decision-making-doctors-patients-antibiotic.html Medications Mon, 30 Jul 2012 12:00:01 EST news262867453 Canada should ban off-label use of antibiotics in farm animals because it contributes significantly to antibiotic resistance in humans, states an editorial in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-canada-off-label-antibiotic-agriculture-cmaj.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Mon, 04 Jun 2012 12:00:03 EST news258026289 (HealthDay) -- Corticosteroid nasal sprays apparently are not a silver bullet when it comes to symptom relief for acute sinusitis patients, a new review suggests. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-steroid-nasal-small-benefit-sinusitis.html Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes Tue, 15 May 2012 11:21:43 EST news256299674 Consumption of probiotics (live microorganisms, which may occur naturally in foods such as yogurt, intended to confer a health benefit when consumed) is associated with a reduced risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, a common adverse effect of antibiotic use, according to a review and meta-analysis of previous studies published in the May 9 issue of JAMA. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-05-probiotics-diarrhea-antibiotic.html Medications Tue, 08 May 2012 16:00:07 EST news255710407