News tagged with dna replication
Scientists discover new target for personalized cancer therapy
A common cancer pathway causing tumor growth is now being targeted by a number of new cancer drugs and shows promising results. A team of researchers at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have developed a ...
Cancer
May 02, 2013 |
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Study shows potential new way to detect colorectal and other cancers
A unique new study led by University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center researchers Guo-Min Li and Libya Gu, in collaboration with Dr. Wei Yang at National Institutes of Health, reveals a novel mechanism explaining the previously ...
Cancer
Apr 25, 2013 |
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How Alzheimer's could occur: Protein spheres in the nucleus give wrong signal for cell division
A new hypothesis has been developed by researchers in Bochum on how Alzheimer's disease could occur. They analysed the interaction of the proteins FE65 and BLM that regulate cell division. In the cell culture ...
Alzheimer's disease & dementia
Apr 11, 2013 |
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Protecting against aging at the molecular level
Research from Western University and Lawson Health Research Institute sheds new light on a gene called ATRX and its function in the brain and pituitary. Children born with ATRX syndrome have cognitive defects and developmental ...
Medical research
Apr 08, 2013 |
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Early antiretroviral treatment reduces viral reservoirs in HIV-infected teens
A study led by University of Massachusetts Medical School professor and immunologist Katherine Luzuriaga, MD, and Johns Hopkins Children's Center virologist Deborah Persaud, MD, highlights the long-term benefits of early ...
HIV & AIDS
Mar 04, 2013 |
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Previously unknown mechanism identified in oncogene-induced senescence
Cell aging, or cellular senescence, has an important role in the natural physiological response to tumor development. Activated oncogenes are able to induce senescence, and recent findings have suggested that oncogene-induced ...
Cancer
Dec 12, 2012 |
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Scientists identify liposarcoma tumors that respond to chemotherapy
Liposarcoma, the most common type of sarcoma, is an often lethal form of cancer that develops in fat cells. It is particularly deadly, in part, because the tumors are not consistently visible with positron emission tomography ...
Cancer
Dec 10, 2012 |
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Methods developed to enable large-scale analysis of malaria parasite genomes from patient blood samples
Researchers have developed a new technique to identify hotspots of malaria parasite evolution and track the rise of malarial drug resistance, faster and more efficiently than ever before.
Medical research
Jun 13, 2012 |
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Protein prevents DNA damage in the developing brain and might serve as a tumor suppressor
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have rewritten the job description of the protein TopBP1 after demonstrating that it guards early brain cells from DNA damage. Such damage might foreshadow later problems, ...
Neuroscience
Apr 23, 2012 |
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Natural killer cell deficiency investigated
Medical scientists at Trinity College Dublin in conjunction with researchers in Paris have investigated the consequence of natural killer cell deficiency in six related patients and identified a new genetic ...
Medical research
Mar 15, 2012 |
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Drugs targeting chromosomal instability may fight a particular breast cancer subtype
Another layer in breast cancer genetics has been peeled back. A team of researchers at Jefferson's Kimmel Cancer Center (KCC) led by Richard G. Pestell, M.D., PhD., FACP, Director of the KCC and Chair of the Department of ...
Cancer
Feb 06, 2012 |
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Ultra short telomeres linked to osteoarthritis
Telomeres, the very ends of chromosomes, become shorter as we age. When a cell divides it first duplicates its DNA and, because the DNA replication machinery fails to get all the way to the end, with each successive cell ...
Arthritis & Rheumatism
Jan 16, 2012 |
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Quantitative imaging application to gut and ear cells
From tracking activities within bacteria to creating images of molecules that make up human hair, several experiments have already demonstrated the unique abilities of the revolutionary imaging technique called multi-isotope ...
Medical research
Jan 15, 2012 |
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Scientists find 'brake-override' proteins that enable development of some cancers
Scripps Research Institute scientists have discovered a basic mechanism that can enable developing cancer cells to sustain abnormal growth. The finding is expected to lead to the targeting of this mechanism with drugs and ...
Cancer
Jul 07, 2011 |
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'Megapixel' DNA replication technology promises faster, more precise diagnostics
UBC researchers have developed a DNA measurement platform that sets dramatic new performance standards in the sensitivity and accuracy of sample screening.
Medical research
Jul 03, 2011 |
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DNA replication
DNA replication, the basis for biological inheritance, is a fundamental process occurring in all living organisms to copy their DNA. This process is "semiconservative" in that each strand of the original double-stranded DNA molecule serves as template for the reproduction of the complementary strand. Hence, following DNA replication, two identical DNA molecules have been produced from a single double-stranded DNA molecule. Cellular proofreading and error-checking mechanisms ensure near perfect fidelity for DNA replication.
In a cell, DNA replication begins at specific locations in the genome, called "origins". Unwinding of DNA at the origin, and synthesis of new strands, forms a replication fork. In addition to DNA polymerase, the enzyme that synthesizes the new DNA by adding nucleotides matched to the template strand, a number of other proteins are associated with the fork and assist in the initiation and continuation of DNA synthesis.
DNA replication can also be performed in vitro (outside a cell). DNA polymerases, isolated from cells, and artificial DNA primers are used to initiate DNA synthesis at known sequences in a template molecule. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a common laboratory technique, employs such artificial synthesis in a cyclic manner to amplify a specific target DNA fragment from a pool of DNA.
For more information about DNA replication, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
