Immunology

Nasal spray with antibodies could prevent COVID-19

Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have shown that nasal drops with IgA antibodies can protect mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results imply a new way to protect individuals at high risk from different variants of the ...

Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes

First rapid tests for chlamydia, gonorrhea exhibit 100% sensitivity

More than half of the estimated 374 million new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in 2020 were either chlamydia or gonorrhea, which are often asymptomatic and co-occurring, according to the World Health Organization. ...

Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes

The potential return of yellow fever

Mosquito-transmitted virus infections are on the rise and their spread is accelerating in Texas, Florida and elsewhere in the American South. With the rise of mosquito-borne illnesses, infectious disease experts at Baylor ...

Gastroenterology

Engineered probiotic can 'sense' inflammatory bowel disease

Northwestern Medicine scientists have developed an engineered probiotic capable of detecting inflammatory bowel disease, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Oncology & Cancer

AI model can help determine where a patient's cancer originated

For a small percentage of cancer patients, doctors are unable to determine where their cancer originated. This makes it much more difficult to choose a treatment for those patients, because many cancer drugs are typically ...

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Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering, recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM) and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct manipulation of an organism's genes. Genetic engineering is different from traditional breeding, where the organism's genes are manipulated indirectly. Genetic engineering uses the techniques of molecular cloning and transformation to alter the structure and characteristics of genes directly. Genetic engineering techniques have found some successes in numerous applications. Some examples are in improving crop technology, the manufacture of synthetic human insulin through the use of modified bacteria, the manufacture of erythropoietin in hamster ovary cells, and the production of new types of experimental mice such as the oncomouse (cancer mouse) for research.

The term "genetic engineering" was coined in Jack Williamson's science fiction novel Dragon's Island, published in 1951, two years before James Watson and Francis Crick showed that DNA could be the medium of transmission of genetic information.

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