News tagged with genotyping
Genetic variation among patients with pulmonary fibrosis associated with improved survival
Variation in the gene MUC5B among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was associated with improved survival, according to a study published online by JAMA. The study is being released early online to coincide with i ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
21 hours ago |
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Nonmelanoma skin cancer tied to lower Alzheimer's risk
(HealthDay)—Older individuals with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) seem to have a significantly reduced risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), according to a study published online May 15 in Neurology.
Alzheimer's disease & dementia
May 16, 2013 |
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Study compares effectiveness of 2 vs. 3 doses of HPV vaccine for girls and young women
With the number of doses and cost of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines a barrier to global implementation, researchers have found that girls who received two doses of HPV vaccine had immune responses to HPV-16 and HPV-18 ...
Cancer
Apr 30, 2013 |
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Large-scale genetic study defines relationship between primary sclerosing cholangitis and other autoimmune diseases
For the first time, scientists show that a leading cause of liver transplant, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), is a distinct disease from inflammatory bowel disease, opening up new avenues for specific PSC treatments.
Genetics
Apr 21, 2013 |
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Polymorphism in estrogen receptor alpha linked to back pain
(HealthDay)—For women with degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS), polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor α (ERα) are associated with back pain intensity, according to a study published in the April issue ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Apr 11, 2013 |
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Whole genome sequencing better at tracing TB outbreaks than standard test
A new form of genetic testing of the bacteria that causes tuberculosis can provide better information on TB transmission and also trace TB outbreaks more accurately than the current standard test, according to a study from ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Feb 19, 2013 |
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Gene is marker only for mild cognitive impairment
Defying the widely held belief that a specific gene is the biggest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, two Cornell developmental psychologists and their colleagues report that people with that gene are more ...
Alzheimer's disease & dementia
Feb 12, 2013 |
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Mystery bleeding disorders could be unraveled by new research efforts
(Medical Xpress)—Platelet disorders are heavily underdiagnosed, little understood and cannot be cured. University of Birmingham researchers and the Birmingham Platelet Group are running a UK-wide clinical trial 'Genotyping ...
Medical research
Feb 11, 2013 |
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Vaccinating children against rotavirus may indirectly protect adults too, study finds
Pediatric rotavirus vaccination also indirectly protects unvaccinated adults from the highly contagious cause of severe diarrhea and vomiting, suggests a new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases and available online ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Jan 24, 2013 |
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Deodorants: Do we really need them?
New research shows that more than 75 per cent of people with a particular version of a gene don't produce under-arm odour but use deodorant anyway.
Health
Jan 17, 2013 |
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Patients with EGFR exon 20 insertions have poorer prognosis
Exon 20 insertions are the third most common family of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations found in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Little is known about cancers harboring these mutations aside from their ...
Cancer
Jan 15, 2013 |
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Gene testing asthmatic children could lead to better treatment
(Medical Xpress)—Testing asthmatic children for a specific gene could prevent their condition worsening, according to new research by scientists in Dundee and Brighton.
Inflammatory disorders
Jan 08, 2013 |
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Targeting hepatitis C treatment: The importance of interleukin (IL)-28
A metanalysis published in BioMed Central's open access journal BMC Medicine has confirmed that polymorphisms (SNP) in the gene coding for interleukin-28 (IL28B) influence natural hepatitis C viral (HCV) ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Jan 07, 2013 |
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Interferon-free therapies for hep C virus look promising
(HealthDay)—For untreated patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), treatment with an oral nucleotide inhibitor of HCV polymerase, sofosbuvir, plus ribavirin seems effective for genotypes 1, 2, and 3; and ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Jan 03, 2013 |
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Polygenic risk score helpful for women with familial breast CA
(HealthDay)—For women affected by familial breast cancer, a polygenic risk score based on 22 genomic variants can identify women at high-risk of breast cancer, according to a study published in the Dec. ...
Cancer
Dec 18, 2012 |
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Genotyping
Genotyping is the process of determining differences in the genetic make-up (genotype) of an individual by examining the individual's DNA sequence using biological assays and comparing it to another individual's sequence or a reference sequence. It reveals the alleles an individual has inherited from their parents . Traditionally genotyping is the use of DNA sequences to define biological populations by use of molecular tools. It does not usually involve defining the genes of an individual.
Current methods of genotyping include restriction fragment length polymorphism identification (RFLPI) of genomic DNA, random amplified polymorphic detection (RAPD) of genomic DNA, amplified fragment length polymorphism detection (AFLPD), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, allele specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes, and hybridization to DNA microarrays or beads. Genotyping is important in research of genes and gene variants associated with disease. Due to current technological limitations, almost all genotyping is partial. That is, only a small fraction of an individual’s genotype is determined. New mass-sequencing technologies promise to provide whole-genome genotyping (or whole genome sequencing) in the future.
Genotyping applies to a broad range of individuals, including microorganisms. For example, viruses and bacteria can be genotyped. Genotyping in this context may help in controlling the spreading of pathogens, by tracing the origin of outbreaks. This area is often referred to as molecular epidemiology or forensic microbiology.
Humans can also be genotyped. For example, when testing fatherhood or motherhood, scientists typically only need to examine 10 or 20 genomic regions (like single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs)). That is a tiny fraction of the human genome, which consists of three billion or so nucleotides.
When genotyping transgenic organisms, a single genomic region may be all that needs to be examined to determine the genotype. A single PCR assay is typically enough to genotype a transgenic mouse; the mouse is the mammalian model of choice for much of medical research today.
For more information about Genotyping, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
