News tagged with hemoglobin
Mystery of resistance to malaria solved in new study
(Medical Xpress) -- Malaria is a disease caused by parasites passed to humans via the bites of infected mosquitoes. Globally, the disease causes over a million deaths every year, and is especially rife in ...
Medical research
Nov 11, 2011 |
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Photoacoustic tomography can 'see' in color and detail several inches beneath the skin
Every new imaging technology has an aura of magic about it because it suddenly reveals what had been concealed, and makes visible what had been invisible. So, too, with photoacoustic tomography, which is allowing ...
Medical research
Mar 22, 2012 |
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Might lefties and righties benefit differently from a power nap?
People who like to nap say it helps them focus their minds post a little shut eye. Now, a study from Georgetown University Medical Center may have found evidence to support that notion.
Neuroscience
Oct 17, 2012 |
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New gene therapy approach developed for red blood cell disorders
A team of researchers led by scientists at Weill Cornell Medical College has designed what appears to be a powerful gene therapy strategy that can treat both beta-thalassemia disease and sickle cell anemia. They have also ...
Genetics
Mar 27, 2012 |
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Discovery of nitric oxide delivery mechanism may point to new avenue for treating high blood pressure
(Medical Xpress)—Researchers at the University of Virginia School of Medicine have shed new light on blood pressure regulation with the discovery of an unexpected mechanism by which hemoglobin controls the delivery of nitric ...
Medical research
Nov 14, 2012 |
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Could an old antidepressant treat sickle cell disease?
(Medical Xpress)—An antidepressant drug used since the 1960s may also hold promise for treating sickle cell disease, according to a surprising new finding made in mice and human red blood cells by a team ...
Medical research
Feb 19, 2013 |
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Eating more legumes may improve glycemic control, lower estimated heart disease risk
Eating more legumes (such as beans, chickpeas or lentils) as part of a low-glycemic index diet appears to improve glycemic control and reduce estimated coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ...
Health
Oct 22, 2012 |
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Scientists reverse sickle cell anemia by turning on fetal hemoglobin
Not long after birth, human babies transition from producing blood containing oxygen-rich fetal hemoglobin to blood bearing the adult hemoglobin protein. For children with sickle cell disease, the transition from the fetal ...
Medical research
Oct 13, 2011 |
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Researchers highlight potential gene therapy approach to sickle cell disease
Researchers at Dana-Farber/Children's Hospital Cancer Center (DF/CHCC) have taken the first preliminary steps toward developing a form of gene therapy for sickle cell disease. In an abstract presented on Dec. 10 at the 54th ...
Medical research
Dec 11, 2012 |
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Experimental drug achieves unprecedented weight loss
An investigational combination of drugs already approved to treat obesity, migraine and epilepsy produced up to a 10 percent weight loss in obese individuals participating in a one-year clinical trial, according to researchers ...
Medical research
Apr 11, 2011 |
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Fasting plasma glucose beats HbA1c for diabetes screening
(HealthDay)—For patients without diabetes undergoing coronary angiography (CAG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) performs better in diabetes screening than glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), according to a study ...
Diabetes
Jan 17, 2013 |
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Why a hereditary anemia is caused by genetic mutation in mechanically sensitive ion channel
A genetic mutation that alters the kinetics of an ion channel in red blood cells has been identified as the cause behind a hereditary anemia, according to a paper published this month in the Proceedings of the National Ac ...
Medical research
Mar 08, 2013 |
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Hematologist discovers, names the 'Toms River' blood mutation in N.J. family
A newborn described as a "happy blue baby" because of her bluish skin color but healthy appearance made a small mark in medical history when one of her physicians discovered something new in her genes—the hemoglobin ...
Genetics
Jun 16, 2011 |
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Sleep apnea severity linked to glycated hemoglobin levels
(HealthDay) -- For adults without diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity is independently associated with impaired glucose metabolism, as measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, according ...
Sleep apnea
Jun 18, 2012 |
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Sickle cell anemia drug safe and effective for infants and toddlers, adds treatment option
New research shows a drug commonly used to treat sickle cell anemia in adults reduces bouts of acute pain and a pneumonia-like illness, cuts hospitalization time and eases other symptoms of the disease in young patients. ...
Medications
May 12, 2011 |
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Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin (English pronunciation: /hiːməˈɡloʊbɪn/; also rendered as haemoglobin and abbreviated Hb or Hgb) is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates, with the exception of the fish family Channichthyidae, as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs (lungs or gills) to the rest of the body (i.e., the tissues) where it releases the oxygen to burn nutrients to provide energy to power the functions of the organism, and collects the resultant carbon dioxide to bring it back to the respiratory organs to be dispensed from the organism.
In mammals, the protein makes up about 97% of the red blood cells' dry content, and around 35% of the total content (including water).[citation needed] Hemoglobin has an oxygen binding capacity of 1.34 ml O2 per gram of hemoglobin, which increases the total blood oxygen capacity seventy-fold compared to dissolved oxygen in blood. The mammalian hemoglobin molecule can bind (carry) up to four oxygen molecules.
Hemoglobin is involved in the transport of other gases: it carries some of the body's respiratory carbon dioxide (about 10% of the total) as carbaminohemoglobin, in which CO2 is bound to the globin protein. The molecule also carries the important regulatory molecule nitric oxide bound to a globin protein thiol group, releasing it at the same time as oxygen.
Hemoglobin is also found outside red blood cells and their progenitor lines. Other cells that contain hemoglobin include the A9 dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, macrophages, alveolar cells, and mesangial cells in the kidney. In these tissues, hemoglobin has a non-oxygen-carrying function as an antioxidant and a regulator of iron metabolism.
Hemoglobin and hemoglobin-like molecules are also found in many invertebrates, fungi, and plants. In these organisms, hemoglobins may carry oxygen, or they may act to transport and regulate other things such as carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfide. A variant of the molecule, called leghemoglobin, is used to scavenge oxygen, to keep it from poisoning anaerobic systems, such as nitrogen-fixing nodules of leguminous plants.
For more information about Hemoglobin, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
