Neuroscience

Brain activity drives dynamic changes in neural fiber insulation

The brain is a wonderfully flexible and adaptive learning tool. For decades, researchers have known that this flexibility, called plasticity, comes from selective strengthening of well-used synapses—the connections between ...

Neuroscience

New study uncovers brain's code for pronouncing vowels

(Medical Xpress) -- Scientists have unraveled how our brain cells encode the pronunciation of individual vowels in speech. The discovery could lead to new technology that verbalizes the unspoken words of people paralyzed ...

Alzheimer's disease & dementia

Hyperactive neurons may be culprit in Alzheimer's

A long-term reduction in neuronal activity reduces amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease, Yale University researchers have found. The study, using mouse models of Alzheimer's, found the opposite is also true—triggering ...

Neuroscience

A different drummer: Neural rhythms drive physical movement

Unlike their visual cousins, the neurons that control movement are not a predictable bunch. Scientists working to decode how such neurons convey information to muscles have been stymied when trying to establish a one-to-one ...

Neuroscience

Regulating brain activity to improve attention

(Medical Xpress)—Researchers from The University of Nottingham have found that balanced activity in the brain's prefrontal cortex is necessary for attention.

Neuroscience

How the brain knows when to take out the trash

The brain has its own housekeeping service, a sophisticated mechanism that cleans up debris that is left over from cellular activity. But scientists have had a hard time figuring out exactly how the brain knows when to initiate ...

Medical research

Once considered mainly 'brain glue,' astrocytes' power revealed

A type of cell plentiful in the brain, long considered mainly the stuff that holds the brain together and oft-overlooked by scientists more interested in flashier cells known as neurons, wields more power in the brain than ...

Neuroscience

Understanding the smallest brain circuits

Roberto Fernández Galán, an assistant professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the university's School of Engineering, and a team of undergraduate researchers at Case Western Reserve have been recording ...

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