News tagged with neuronal synapses
Researchers identify how cells control calcium influx
(Medical Xpress)—When brain cells are overwhelmed by an influx of too many calcium molecules, they shut down the channels through which these molecules enter the cells. Until now, the "stop" signal mechanism that cells ...
Neuroscience
May 09, 2013 |
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Blue Brain Project accurately predicts connections between neurons
One of the greatest challenges in neuroscience is to identify the map of synaptic connections between neurons. Called the "connectome," it is the holy grail that will explain how information flows in the ...
Neuroscience
Sep 17, 2012 |
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Research finds key molecules involved in forming long-term memories
How does one's experience of an event get translated into a memory that can be accessed months, even years later? A team led by University of Pennsylvania scientists has come closer to answering that question, identifying ...
Medical research
Sep 10, 2012 |
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New connections between brain cells form in clusters during learning
New connections between brain cells emerge in clusters in the brain as animals learn to perform a new task, according to a study published in Nature on February 19 (advance online publication). Led by resear ...
Neuroscience
Feb 19, 2012 |
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Study solves birth and migration mysteries of cortex's powerful inhibitors, 'chandelier' cells
A team at CSHL for the 1st time reveals the birth timing and embryonic origin of a critical class of inhibitory brain cells called chandelier cells, tracing the specific paths they take during early development into the cerebral ...
Neuroscience
Nov 22, 2012 |
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Even in fruit flies, enriched learning drives need for sleep
Just like human teenagers, fruit flies that spend a day buzzing around the "fly mall" with their companions need more sleep. That's because the environment makes their brain circuits grow dense new synapses and they need ...
Medical research
Jun 23, 2011 |
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Scientists reverse disorder of neuronal circuits in autism
People with autism suffer from a pervasive developmental disorder of the brain that becomes evident in early childhood. Peter Scheiffele and Kaspar Vogt, Professors at the Biozentrum of the University of ...
Autism spectrum disorders
Sep 14, 2012 |
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Newly found 'volume control' in the brain promotes learning, memory
Scientists have long wondered how nerve cell activity in the brain's hippocampus, the epicenter for learning and memory, is controlled—too much synaptic communication between neurons can trigger a seizure, and too little ...
Neuroscience
Jan 09, 2013 |
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Scientists uncover a new pathway that regulates information processing in the brain
Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have identified a new pathway that appears to play a major role in information processing in the brain. Their research also offers insight into how imbalances ...
Neuroscience
Nov 09, 2012 |
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Study shows how insulin-like molecules play critical role in learning and memory
Though it's most often associated with disorders like diabetes, Harvard researchers have shown how the signaling pathway of insulin and insulin-like peptides plays another critical role in the body – helping ...
Neuroscience
Feb 26, 2013 |
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How connections in the brain must change to form memories could help to develop artificial cognitive computers
Exactly how memories are stored and accessed in the brain is unclear. Neuroscientists, however, do know that a primitive structure buried in the center of the brain, called the hippocampus, is a pivotal region ...
Neuroscience
Nov 07, 2012 |
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When nerve meets muscle, biglycan seals the deal
A protein that has shown early promise in preventing the loss of muscle function in mouse models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, has been found in a new study to be a key player in the process of joining nerves ...
Neuroscience
Feb 14, 2012 |
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Rewriting a receptor's role: Synaptic molecule works differently than thought
(Medical Xpress)—In a pair of new papers, researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences upend a long-held view about the basic functioning ...
Alzheimer's disease & dementia
Feb 19, 2013 |
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Researchers reveal how a single gene mutation leads to uncontrolled obesity
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have revealed how a mutation in a single gene is responsible for the inability of neurons to effectively pass along appetite suppressing signals from the body to the right ...
Genetics
Mar 18, 2012 |
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Alzheimer's disease is associated with removal of the synaptic protein ADAM10
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of neurotoxic β-amyloid peptide (A-beta). ADAM10, a protein that resides in the neural synapses, has previously been shown to prevent the formation of A-beta.
Alzheimer's disease & dementia
May 08, 2013 |
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