The first cohort of five gene-edited monkey clones made from fibroblasts of a monkey with disease phenotypes were born recently at the Institute of Neuroscience (ION) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Shanghai. ...
Jan 23, 2019
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Mutant mice are providing scientists with a new neurobiological framework to understand the brain changes observed in distractible humans who carry a common gene variant whose frequency has been associated with Attention ...
Apr 7, 2022
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(Medical Xpress)—One of the most challenging problems in biology is the extreme difficulty in predicting phenotype from genotype – and the questions it creates: If we could rear genetically identical individuals from ...
Prediabetes is associated with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dementia and cancer. However, the disease risk varies considerably among subjects. In a study reported in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, ...
May 20, 2016
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In a new study, researchers identify three clinical COVID-19 phenotypes, reflecting patient populations with different comorbidities, complications and clinical outcomes. The three phenotypes are described in a paper published ...
Apr 2, 2021
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FDNA, a leader in artificial intelligence and precision medicine, in collaboration with a team of influential scientists and researchers published a milestone study on the use of facial analysis in detecting genetic disorders. ...
Jan 9, 2019
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Regeneration in the CNS is a rare event and strongly limited to the replacement of so-called oligodendroglial cells and their electrically insulating elements of the axons, called myelin sheaths. This is also true for multiple ...
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Lost in the euphoria of the 2003 announcement that the human genome had been sequenced was a fundamental question: how can we be sure that an individual's genome has been read correctly?
Feb 3, 2012
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A new study has revealed detailed information on the various ways patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) become disabled, analyzing both the role of relapses on long-term outcomes and the role of worsening that occurs independent ...
Feb 14, 2022
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(HealthDay) -- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) on the ear is significantly more likely to be aggressive, and occurs more frequently in men, according to a study published in the May issue of the Journal of the American Academy ...
Apr 18, 2012
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A phenotype is an organism's observable characteristics or traits: such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, behavior, and products of behavior (such as a bird's nest). Phenotypes result from the expression of an organism's genes as well as the influence of environmental factors and the interactions between the two.
The genotype of an organism is the inherited instructions it carries within its genetic code. Not all organisms with the same genotype look or act the same way because appearance and behavior are modified by environmental and developmental conditions. Similarly, not all organisms that look alike necessarily have the same genotype.
This genotype-phenotype distinction was proposed by Wilhelm Johannsen in 1911 to make clear the difference between an organism's heredity and what that heredity produces. The distinction is similar to that proposed by August Weismann, who distinguished between germ plasm (heredity) and somatic cells (the body). The Genotype-Phenotype concept should not be confused with Francis Crick's central dogma of molecular biology which is a statement about the directionality of molecular sequential information flowing from DNA to protein (but which cannot become transferred from proteins).
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