http://medicalxpress.com/psychology-news/ en-us PhysOrg Team Medical Xpress provides the latest news on psychology, psychological disorders, psychological condition, psychological diseases and psychological science. Patients with treatment-resistant major depression saw dramatic improvement in their illness after treatment with ketamine, an anesthetic, according to the largest ketamine clinical trial to-date led by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. The antidepressant benefits of ketamine were seen within 24 hours, whereas traditional antidepressants can take days or weeks to demonstrate a reduction in depression. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-ketamine-significant-therapeutic-benefit-people.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-19T01:38:46-07:00 The latest makeover to a massive psychiatric tome honored by some, reviled by others and even called the "Bible" of mental disorders is being released Saturday with a host of new changes. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-psychiatry-makeover-manual.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-18T13:30:01-07:00 (HealthDay)—Most Medicare beneficiaries treated in inpatient psychiatric facilities (IPFs) exhibit characteristics associated with hospital readmission, according to a report prepared for the National Association of Psychiatric Health Systems (NAPHS). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-readmissions-inpatient-psychiatric-facilities.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-17T15:20:01-07:00 Skydivers show the same level of physical stress before every jump whether a first-timer or experienced jumper, say Northumbria researchers. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-skydiving-plane.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-17T15:00:07-07:00 Children of depressed parents pick up on their parents' sadness—whether mom or dad realizes their mood or not. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-kids-boys-sadness-depressed-parents.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-17T10:00:01-07:00 (HealthDay)—As many as one in five American children under the age of 17 has a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year, according to a new federal report. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-kids-mental-health-disorder-cdc.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-16T17:00:01-07:00 (Medical Xpress)—Whether we're listening to Bach or the blues, our brains are wired to make music-color connections depending on how the melodies make us feel, according to new research from the University of California, Berkeley. For instance, Mozart's jaunty Flute Concerto No. 1 in G major is most often associated with bright yellow and orange, whereas his dour Requiem in D minor is more likely to be linked to dark, bluish gray. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-bach-blues-emotions-music.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-16T15:02:21-07:00 The relationship between the heritable risk for schizophrenia and low intelligence (IQ) has not been clear. Schizophrenia is commonly associated with cognitive impairments that may cause functional disability. There are clues that reduced IQ may be linked to the risk for developing schizophrenia. For example, reduced cognitive ability may precede the onset of schizophrenia symptoms. Also, these deficits may be present in healthy relatives of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-genetic-schizophrenia-iq.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-16T11:26:36-07:00 Why do so many sports players and athletes choose to wear the color red when they compete? A new study to be published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests that it may have to do with their testosterone levels. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-high-testosterone-competitors-red.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-16T11:25:37-07:00 The presence of posttraumatic stress disorder is significantly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. This is the finding of scientists from the Helmholtz Zentrum München and the University Hospital Gießen and Marburg who worked with data from the population-based KORA cohort study. A sustained activation of the hormonal stress axis due to chronic stress symptoms is most likely a major causing mechanism. The scientists have published their results in the Journal of Psychosomatic Research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-diabetes.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-16T10:50:02-07:00 People suffering from clinical depression express personal goals and reasons for their attainment or failure in less specific terms than people without the disorder. This lack of specificity in representing personal goals may be partially responsible for the motivational deficits seen in these patients, according to research published May 15 in the open access journal PLOS ONE by Joanne Dickson from the University of Liverpool, UK and Nicholas Moberly from the University of Exeter, UK. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-clinically-depressed-patients-phrase-personal.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T17:02:18-07:00 People in the military who suffer more than one mild traumatic brain injury face a significantly higher risk of suicide, according to research by the National Center for Veterans Studies at the University of Utah. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-brain-injury-soldiers-suicide.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T16:41:19-07:00 (AP)—There's a new version of the world's most widely used psychiatric manual, and it's already getting lots of criticism. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-critics-psychiatric-manual.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T16:30:18-07:00 (Medical Xpress)—New research from the Children of the 90s study at the University of Bristol shows that girls whose fathers were absent during the first five years of life were more likely to develop depressive symptoms in adolescence than girls whose fathers left when they were aged five to ten years or than boys in both age groups (0-5 and 5-10), even after a range of factors was taken into account. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-father-absence-early-childhood-linked.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T08:40:02-07:00 (Medical Xpress)—It's no longer just Barbie dolls that evoke a sense of unattainable beauty. Now, it seems G.I. Joe's biceps and six-pack abs are doing the same. Increasingly, objectification and heightened masculinity in images of men is saturating popular culture and the media. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-young-men-body-shame-relationships.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T08:20:01-07:00 Teens in a relationship that involves dating violence are likely to be both a victim and perpetrator, as opposed to being just one or the other, finds a recent study in the Journal of Adolescent Health. In some situations teens play both roles with one partner or they'll play one role in a given relationship and then another role in a subsequent relationship. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-teens-sides-dating-violence.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T07:48:58-07:00 Patients coping with chronic pain should also be evaluated for anxiety disorders, according to new research published in General Hospital Psychiatry. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-chronic-pain-anxiety.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T07:26:36-07:00 Men's upper-body strength predicts their political opinions on economic redistribution, according to new research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-political-evolutionary-links-physical-strength.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-15T06:46:21-07:00 Scientists from Royal Holloway University have found that when white Caucasians are under the illusion that they have a dark skin, their racial bias changes in a positive way. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-darker-skin-positively-impact-racial.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T19:10:01-07:00 Non-communicable diseases (NCD) and mental disorders each constitute a huge portion of the worldwide health care burden, and often occur together, so they should be addressed together. These are the conclusions of the third article in a series published in PLOS Medicine that provides a global perspective on integrating mental health. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-mental-health-ncds.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T17:24:30-07:00 The song, "Get Happy," famously performed by Judy Garland, has encouraged people to improve their mood for decades. Recent research at the University of Missouri discovered that an individual can indeed successfully try to be happier, especially when cheery music aids the process. This research points to ways that people can actively improve their moods and corroborates earlier MU research. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-happier-upbeat-music.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T15:07:49-07:00 Sporting events can bring a community together, such as when the Louisville Cardinals won the NCAA championship and University of Louisville campus was filled with camaraderie. They also can fuel bitter rivalries, such as the long-standing animosity between the St. Louis Cardinals and the Chicago Cubs. A University of Missouri study has found that testosterone levels during group competition are modulated depending on the relationships among the competitors and may be related to the formation of alliances in warfare. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-male-testosterone-victorious-competition-rivals.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T15:07:18-07:00 Pregnant mothers' exposure to the flu was associated with a nearly fourfold increased risk that their child would develop bipolar disorder in adulthood, in a study funded by the National Institutes of Health. The findings add to mounting evidence of possible shared underlying causes and illness processes with schizophrenia, which some studies have also linked to prenatal exposure to influenza. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-flu-pregnancy-quadruple-child-bipolar.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T09:16:32-07:00 (Medical Xpress)—Are high school age students who show aggression toward their peers more likely to consume alcohol, tobacco and marijuana? A new study of Latino adolescents in Kansas City, Mo., confirms this idea. But the linkage to substance use is strongest with a particular type of aggression that researchers dub "proactive." http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-substance-aggression-linked-focused-latino.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T07:00:02-07:00 (HealthDay)—Social and population variations in mental diagnosis are not accounted for in the newly revised fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), according to an editorial published in the May issue of Health Affairs. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-social-considerations-accounted-dsm-.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T04:20:01-07:00 In a first-of-its-kind effort to illuminate the biochemical impact of trauma, researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center have discovered a connection between the quantity of cannabinoid receptors in the human brain, known as CB1 receptors, and post-traumatic stress disorder, the chronic, disabling condition that can plague trauma victims with flashbacks, nightmares and emotional instability. Their findings, which appear online today in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, will also be presented this week at the annual meeting of the Society of Biological Psychiatry in San Francisco. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-brain-imaging-links-cannabinoid-receptors-post-traumatic.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-14T04:00:01-07:00 New research from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center finds that suicide, while strongly associated with psychiatric conditions, also correlates with environmental pollution. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-nc-coal-emissions-role-state.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-13T16:52:38-07:00 Although knowing an actor is gay significantly affected ratings of his masculinity, there was no significant effect on ratings of his acting performance, researchers say. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-openly-gay-affect.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-13T12:36:49-07:00 People are worse at predicting whether a sports team will win, lose, or tie when they bet on the final score than when they bet on the overall outcome, according to a new study published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-when-deciding-how-to-bet.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-13T12:34:16-07:00 For adults with no apparent symptoms of depression, routine screening is not recommended in primary care settings because of the lack of high-quality evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for depression, according to new evidence-based guidelines from the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC) published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal). http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-05-routine-screening-depression-adults-apparent.html Psychology & Psychiatry 2013-05-13T12:00:01-07:00