Pediatrics
Bronchiolitis: Monoclonal antibody halves hospitalizations of children younger than 6 months old
A single dose of the long-acting antibody nirsevimab to infants can halve hospitalizations for bronchiolitis.
Jun 3, 2025
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Respiratory Failure
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Odds of cardiovascular events up for RSV hospitalization versus COVID-19 hospitalization
Patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization have increased odds of any acute cardiovascular event compared with COVID-19 hospitalizations, according to a study published online May 22 in JAMA Network Open.
May 28, 2025
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Medical economics
Computerized clinical decision support reduces mortality in pneumonia patients facing economic hardships
In a new study, researchers from Intermountain Health in Salt Lake City have shown that by using a computerized clinical decision support tool to guide diagnosis and treatment in emergency department patients with pneumonia, ...
May 21, 2025
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Addiction
Medetomidine: What you need to know about the animal sedative turning up in opioid deaths
The opioid crisis, increasingly driven by synthetic opioids, continues to claim tens of thousands of lives annually in the US alone. Similar crises have arisen all over the western world.
May 13, 2025
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Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Protein found in rheumatic diseases causes inflammation in COVID-19 patients
The sCD13 protein has been previously identified by a rheumatology research team at the University of Michigan as a powerful inducer of inflammation in multiple autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic ...
May 9, 2025
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Gerontology & Geriatrics
Single-dose vaccine demonstrates sustained efficacy against RSV-related lower respiratory tract disease in older adults
Researchers from GlaxoSmithKline have reported that a single dose of the RSV vaccine, Arexvy (RSVPreF3 OA), provides effective protection against respiratory syncytial virus-related lower respiratory tract disease (RSV-LRTD) ...
Health
Critically ill patients in African hospitals aren't getting the care they need: New survey
When someone falls critically ill, hospitals are expected to provide life-saving care. But in many African countries, intensive care units are rare. Critically ill patients are treated in general hospital wards, and the provision ...
Apr 9, 2025
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Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Bird flu facts for families
Birds in the United States can be affected by avian flu, also called H5N1 bird flu or avian influenza. But can it affect your family?
Mar 10, 2025
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Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
New study highlights need for better care to prevent lung problems after abdominal surgery
A new study, published today in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, has tested whether a set of interventions to keep lungs expanded before, during, and after abdominal surgery could lower the risk of serious breathing problems ...
Feb 25, 2025
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Medications
Platform trials streamline ALS therapy evaluation by rapidly ruling out ineffective drugs
Massachusetts General Hospital coordinated the first four platform trials within the HEALEY ALS platform to evaluate potential treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with results published in various JAMA journals.
The term respiratory failure, in medicine, is used to describe inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, with the result that arterial oxygen and/or carbon dioxide levels cannot be maintained within their normal ranges. A drop in blood oxygenation is known as hypoxemia; a rise in arterial carbon dioxide levels is called hypercapnia. The normal reference values are: oxygen PaO2 greater than 80 mmHg (11 kPa), and carbon dioxide PaCO2 less than 45 mmHg (6.0 kPa). Classification into type I or type II relates to the absence or presence of hypercapnia respectively.
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