https://medicalxpress.com/cancer-news/ en-us Latest medical news and research in Oncology Combining microchip engineering techniques with cutting-edge gene profiling, scientists at Columbia University have developed a new way to study drug responses in living slices of human brain tumor cells. The system, using a type of chip called a microfluidic device, has already revealed new details about how these aggressive tumors resist chemotherapy drugs and could help researchers develop more effective treatments. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-microfluidic-chip-reveals-glioblastoma-slices.html Wed, 22 Apr 2026 09:40:05 EDT news696068521 Oregon Health & Science University researchers have developed a first-of-its-kind method to predict cancer patient survival using advanced molecular data from individual cells. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-cell-tool-cancer-survival-tumor.html Tue, 21 Apr 2026 17:00:08 EDT news695978206 A research team led by The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) has developed a pioneering artificial intelligence (AI) pathology analysis system that can accurately recognize multiple types of cancer using only a minimal number of samples, without requiring any additional training. This breakthrough significantly enhances the flexibility and efficiency of AI-assisted medical care, marking a major step forward toward the widespread adoption of intelligent pathology. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-play-ai-cancer.html Tue, 21 Apr 2026 16:30:02 EDT news696005821 A study led by José A. Seoane, Head of the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology's (VHIO) Computational Biology Group identifies for the first time the exposome footprint—the set of environmental and lifestyle exposures—in colorectal cancer in patients under 50 years of age through epigenetic signatures. By comparatively analyzing DNA methylation patterns in patients under and over 50, the work, published today in the journal Nature Medicine, confirms the influence of factors such as diet, education level, and smoking. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-common-weed-killer-left-hidden.html Tue, 21 Apr 2026 16:20:01 EDT news695995994 Glioblastoma, the most common and most aggressive brain tumor type in adults, remains difficult to treat because it can infiltrate surrounding brain tissue and spread far beyond the main tumor. Researchers from DZNE, University Hospital Bonn and the Cluster of Excellence ImmunoSensation at the University of Bonn have captured this infiltration process in the living brain with advanced microscopy. Their study is based on observations in mice affected by a brain cancer very similar to human glioblastoma. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-advanced-imaging-uncovers-immune-cells.html Tue, 21 Apr 2026 14:40:07 EDT news695994431 Macrophages, key regulators of tissue health and immune defense, are among the most abundant immune cells in solid tumors. Their role in cancer has been difficult to define because even closely related macrophage populations can have very different, and sometimes opposing, functions. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-tumors-immune-cells-personality-side.html Tue, 21 Apr 2026 14:20:04 EDT news695994253 Researchers at Tulane University School of Medicine have discovered that if animal cells gain an extra set of chromosomes, a condition known as polyploidy, they activate a stress signaling pathway that causes them to become more mobile and capable of engulfing neighboring cells with normal chromosome numbers. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-extra-chromosomes-tumor-cells-engulf.html Tue, 21 Apr 2026 10:00:02 EDT news695981582 Researchers led by Henry Daniell of the School of Dental Medicine have shown that extracts from bioengineered chewing gum reduce the levels of three microbes known to be associated with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC), paving the way for more effective and affordable therapies. Their findings are published in Scientific Reports. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-bioengineered-gum-cancer-linked-mouth.html Tue, 21 Apr 2026 08:04:34 EDT news695977339 A new study published in The Journal of Immunology by researchers at the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC) has uncovered a crucial biological "off switch" in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common and one of the most aggressive forms of blood cancer. The findings reveal that a protein called HDAC7 plays a dual role: it is essential for building a healthy immune system, and when it goes missing in cancer cells, the disease becomes significantly more dangerous. Crucially, the team showed that restoring HDAC7 in cancer cells can slow or even stop tumor growth. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-common-blood-cancer-doors-diagnosis.html Mon, 20 Apr 2026 19:40:01 EDT news695920742 Researchers at Linköping University show how two important cancer-related proteins can be prevented from collaborating with each other. The discovery shows the way toward future medications to combat, for example, neuroblastoma in children. Their study has been published in the journal Nature Communications. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-scientists-undruggable-childhood-cancer-protein.html Mon, 20 Apr 2026 19:20:01 EDT news695920501 Biomarkers in the blood could be used for the early detection of colorectal cancer, lung cancer and ovarian cancer. A new study from Uppsala University shows that the performance of such biomarkers is comparable to or better than established tests and could be developed for clinical use. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-blood-markers-expose-colorectal-lung.html Mon, 20 Apr 2026 18:20:01 EDT news695900360 Researchers at the University of Sussex, in collaboration with scientists from different institutes worldwide, have identified a blood test capable of early diagnosis of the most aggressive form of brain tumor. The technology has the potential to save lives. Lead author Professor Georgios Giamas and his team have identified distinctive biomarkers (molecules that act as signs of normal processes, diseases, or responses to treatment) within patient blood samples, which could signal the presence of glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive forms of brain tumor. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-blood-aggressive-brain-tumors-early.html Mon, 20 Apr 2026 17:20:01 EDT news695918403 While modern life includes many conveniences, humans are still incessantly exposed to a variety of metabolic stresses we have never experienced before. Our immune systems are constantly trying to protect us, and CD8⁺ T cells in particular—also known as killer T cells—play an essential role in attacking tumors. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-metabolic-tattoo-scientists-mechanism-cell.html Mon, 20 Apr 2026 16:40:03 EDT news695918341 A discovery by the Transformation and Metastasis Group of the Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO) opens a path towards identifying precancerous breast lesions that will develop into tumors. This study, led by Eva González-Suárez, is published in the journal Nature Communications. The research focuses on the role of the RANK protein, whose involvement in the genesis of breast tumors was also discovered by González-Suárez in 2010 at the Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), where she still heads a clinical research line. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-breast-lesions-cancer-overtreatment.html Mon, 20 Apr 2026 15:40:08 EDT news695917261 A recent study published in Cell Reports Medicine has identified distinct microbial signatures within the oral cavity and gut that serve as robust biomarkers for the early detection of gastric cancer (GC). https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-oral-gut-axis-salivary-biomarkers.html Mon, 20 Apr 2026 14:40:07 EDT news695914662