https://medicalxpress.com/diagnostic-radiology-news/ en-us Latest medical news and research in Diagnostic radiology Scientists who use imaging to understand the brain's complexity often focus on the strongest signals and ignore the rest. But this strategy, researchers warn, may reveal only the tip of the iceberg. A study published in Nature Human Behavior reveals that connections routinely overlooked as "noise" during neuroimaging data analysis can predict behavior with remarkable accuracy—and implicate entirely different brain networks. The finding could open many new targets for treating psychiatric illness, the researchers say. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-discarded-brain-noise-overlooked-networks.html Fri, 17 Apr 2026 12:40:06 EDT news695645521 Over 1 billion people worldwide are living with one or more mental health disorders that affect their mood, thinking processes and behavior, impacting their daily functioning to varying degrees. Identifying variations in the brain's structure and organization that are commonly linked with mental health disorders could help to devise more effective tools to diagnose these conditions or create personalized treatment plans. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-real-world-mri-brain-signatures.html Fri, 17 Apr 2026 10:00:01 EDT news695638187 Yale School of Medicine (YSM) researchers have tested a new and potentially more sensitive neuroimaging tool for diagnosing behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). They reported their findings on April 9 in the journal Alzheimer's & Dementia. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-dementia-neuroimaging-technique.html Thu, 16 Apr 2026 13:40:02 EDT news695558822 A major multi-site clinical trial co-led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has shown that post-thrombotic syndrome—a common and often painful complication suffered by many people who have experienced blockages of major veins due to blood clots—can be effectively treated with a minimally invasive procedure. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-simple-procedure-relieves-painful-complications.html Mon, 13 Apr 2026 10:40:08 EDT news695035802 Researchers have identified a new method for analyzing chest CT scans that may help physicians better understand the different forms of sarcoidosis, a complex inflammatory lung disease that affects more than 150,000 people in the United States. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-advanced-ct-scan-analysis-sarcoidosis.html Fri, 10 Apr 2026 09:40:02 EDT news695032261 Researchers at the Institute of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Toronto have demonstrated a new way to monitor transplanted stem-cell-derived heart cells using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method allows researchers to visualize where transplanted cells survive over time, which could help scientists evaluate and improve emerging stem cell therapies for heart damage such as those caused by heart attacks. Professor Hai-Ling Margaret Cheng and her team have shown that an imaging platform known as "bright ferritin MRI" can be used to track transplanted human pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes in the hearts of rats for up to eight weeks. The findings are published in Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-mri-technique-enables-term-tracking.html Wed, 08 Apr 2026 17:20:02 EDT news694882911 Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed smart molecules that can both detect and treat cancer, offering a safer and more precise approach to care. The research, published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, focuses on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a widely used tool that allows doctors to see tumors inside the body. While MRI agents are commonly used for diagnosis, they do not typically play a role in treatment. The NYU Abu Dhabi team designed molecules that combine both functions in a single system. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-smart-mri-molecules-cancer.html Tue, 07 Apr 2026 17:20:03 EDT news694796521 Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for nearly one in five cancer deaths—around 1.8 million lives lost each year. One of the main reasons is late diagnosis: in its early stages, the disease appears as extremely small nodules that are difficult to distinguish from healthy tissue, even for experienced radiologists. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-04-ai-doctors-lung-cancer-earlier.html Tue, 07 Apr 2026 11:40:03 EDT news694779241 Sleep helps the brain to cleanse itself—and now this process can be measured in humans entirely noninvasively. Researchers at the University of Oulu have developed a method that allows the increased movement of brain fluids during sleep to be tracked quickly and safely, without the need for injected contrast agents. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-brain-fast-invasive.html Tue, 31 Mar 2026 15:40:03 EDT news694180922 When doctors review diagnostic medical scans for lung cancer, they sometimes spot abnormalities unrelated to the lungs. New research shows that some of those abnormalities could be signs of other undiagnosed cancers. The study, led by researchers at the Brown University School of Public Health, analyzed lung screening data from more than 26,000 people who took part in the landmark National Lung Screening Trial. This large federal study helped establish computerized tomography (CT) scans as a standard way to screen people at high risk for lung cancer—especially longtime smokers. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-unexpected-lung-cancer-ct-scans.html Tue, 31 Mar 2026 11:00:05 EDT news694165434 The heart's ability to use oxygen efficiently is a critical indicator of its health, but tests to measure this function have drawbacks that can limit their use. A new Cedars-Sinai Health Sciences University study found that a new MRI system developed at Cedars-Sinai might overcome this challenge. The findings, published in Science Translational Medicine, could one day improve management of heart failure, in which the heart fails to pump enough blood to meet the body's need for blood and oxygen. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-mri-aid-early-heart-failure.html Thu, 26 Mar 2026 12:00:05 EDT news693744361 A Penn Medicine–led team has developed a first-of-its-kind artificial intelligence system that interprets cardiac MRI scans with performance approaching expert clinicians. Trained on more than 300,000 MRI video clips from roughly 20,000 patients, the model can assess heart function and diagnose dozens of diseases using only non-contrast imaging. The work was published in Nature Biomedical Engineering. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-ai-cardiac-mri-scans-expert.html Wed, 25 Mar 2026 10:20:01 EDT news693651601 An international team led by the ITACA Institute at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) has developed one of the most comprehensive and detailed structural atlases of the human brain to date. Known as HoliAtlas, it will be particularly useful for the study and early diagnosis of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-ultra-high-resolution-mri-powers.html Tue, 24 Mar 2026 14:20:08 EDT news693580322 Neither radiologists nor multimodal large language models (LLMs) are able to easily distinguish artificial intelligence (AI)-generated "deepfake" X-ray images from authentic ones, according to a study published in Radiology. The findings highlight the potential risks associated with AI-generated X-ray images, along with the need for tools and training to protect the integrity of medical images and prepare health care professionals to detect deepfakes. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-deepfake-rays-radiologists-ai.html Tue, 24 Mar 2026 10:00:02 EDT news693473221 No matter the size or severity, wounds on human skin are difficult to monitor while they heal. Biopsies disrupt the wound site and are too invasive for routine, repeated monitoring, and most medical imaging devices that could do the job are large, expensive, and booked up with more pressing diagnostics. Clinicians typically resort to visual inspection or quick measurements of the wound's size over time. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-ai-powered-imaging-tracks-wound.html Fri, 20 Mar 2026 15:20:05 EDT news693230641 A new X-ray imaging technique could transform how hospitals analyze tissue samples, potentially speeding up diagnoses and improving outcomes for patients, shows a new study led by UCL researchers. The technology, developed in collaboration with the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Rigaku Americas and Creatv MicroTech, Inc., produces crisp 3D maps of biological tissue without cutting or staining samples, a significant improvement on the conventional process used in histopathology—the process of examining tissue to study, diagnose and treat diseases, particularly cancer. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-ray-technique-tissue-diagnosis.html Wed, 18 Mar 2026 17:00:04 EDT news693068758 Heart disease is the leading cause of adult death worldwide, making cardiovascular disease diagnosis and management a global health priority. An echocardiogram, or cardiac ultrasound, is one of the most commonly used imaging tools employed by physicians to diagnose a variety of heart diseases and conditions. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-ai-standard-cardiac-imaging.html Tue, 17 Mar 2026 18:20:07 EDT news692983981 Researchers at Mass General Brigham have developed a series of artificial intelligence (AI) tools that uses machine learning to identify individuals who may be at risk for intimate partner violence (IPV) using information from their electronic medical records (EMRs). In a study published in npj Women's Health, the researchers report the tools could detect IPV up to four years before the individual sought care at a domestic violence treatment center. The findings highlight its potential for proactive screening and supporting health care providers in initiating earlier conversations about IPV with patients. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-ai-tools-enable-early-intimate.html Fri, 13 Mar 2026 06:00:07 EDT news692550661 An imaging test could safely halve the number of people who need a biopsy for suspected prostate cancer following inconclusive or reassuring results from an MRI scan, new research has found. Findings from the PRIMARY2 trial have been presented at the European Association of Urology Congress in London (EAU26). https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-03-scan-prostate-cancer-cells-biopsies.html Thu, 12 Mar 2026 20:00:01 EDT news692523293