https://medicalxpress.com/diagnostic-radiology-news/ en-us Latest medical news and research in Diagnostic radiology A deep-learning tool developed to analyze sinus CT scans may provide a more sensitive way to detect treatment-related changes in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, according to new research led in part by researchers at National Jewish Health. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-deep-chronic-sinus-disease-ct.html Fri, 21 Aug 2026 07:20:01 EDT news706508521 Scientists have published the most comprehensive analysis to date of ultrasound detectors underpinning photoacoustic tomography (PAT)—a fast-emerging medical imaging technology capable of revealing blood vessels, tumors and tissue function deep inside the body. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-scientists-deeper-human-body.html Thu, 20 Aug 2026 19:20:01 EDT news706460521 Advances in medical imaging and artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized many aspects of medical practice in recent years. Quantitative measurements derived from medical images are increasingly being used to support diagnosis and clinical decision-making. Consequently, many new quantitative imaging tools, including those based on AI, are being developed. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-gold-standard-method-precision-medical.html Thu, 20 Aug 2026 16:20:02 EDT news706460222 A new study suggests that Alzheimer's disease may be detected by brain imaging more than seven years earlier than previously assumed. Researchers from the Department of Psychology at the University of Oslo led the study, published in Nature Neuroscience. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-alzheimer-disease-earlier-previously-thought.html Wed, 19 Aug 2026 11:20:01 EDT news706355992 Memory clinics still rely on visual rating scales to assess brain atrophy, yet these tools lack the sensitivity to catch subtle changes associated with early dementia. A measure of how old a person's brain appears on brain scans compared with their actual age might be a potential predictor of who is more likely to develop dementia over the years, reports a new study published in Neurology. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-ai-brain-age-dementia-years.html Wed, 19 Aug 2026 10:30:01 EDT news706351411 Calcinosis cutis is a condition that causes calcium deposits in a person's skin or soft tissues. These deposits can occur anywhere in the body and, depending on their location, can be disabling for patients. For example, deposits on the spine or buttocks can make sitting difficult for patients; deposits on the hands can make it painful for people to do routine activities, like eating or bathing. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-calcinosis-cutis-treatment.html Wed, 19 Aug 2026 07:40:01 EDT news706342741 Researchers have developed a technology for building more compact point-of-care medical imaging devices by creating a material that acts as two devices in one. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-devices-metasurface-medical-imaging-smaller.html Sat, 15 Aug 2026 08:00:03 EDT news705910346 Imaging turnaround times continued to increase across modalities through 2024, according to a study published online Aug. 3 in Journal of the American College of Radiology. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-imaging-turnaround.html Fri, 14 Aug 2026 17:20:03 EDT news705928038 From 2005 to 2023, there was a decrease in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) testing for osteoporosis among Medicare beneficiaries, with the largest decrease seen among Hispanic beneficiaries, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in Osteoporosis International. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-decrease-dual-energy-ray-absorptiometry.html Thu, 13 Aug 2026 17:40:04 EDT news705842528 Researchers from the Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (Stevens INI) at the Keck School of Medicine of USC have developed an automated system that uses MRI to measure brain tissue changes in animal models for large, multicenter studies of experimental stroke treatments. By reducing variability among thousands of preclinical research scans from different sources, the automated system has the potential to improve the early-stage evaluation of new therapies. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-automated-mri-treatment.html Thu, 13 Aug 2026 07:10:02 EDT news705814193 Some of medicine's smallest patients can present its biggest imaging challenges. An infant's heart can be as small as a walnut, beating rapidly inside a body that will change dramatically as the child grows. Yet much of the equipment used in MRI comes in standard sizes better suited to adult bodies, and customized versions can cost thousands of dollars and take months or even years to manufacture. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-tiniest-patients-tech-clearer-mri.html Wed, 12 Aug 2026 10:20:02 EDT news705746641 Digital tomosynthesis (DTS) is an X-ray technique that provides sectional images with better lesion visibility than conventional chest radiography (CXR), while using far less radiation than CT. Masoud Jadidi will defend his thesis, "Evaluation of image quality, radiation dose, and tumor size assessment in chest tomosynthesis," on Aug. 21, 2026. His thesis evaluates digital thoracic tomosynthesis as a low-dose method in thoracic radiology. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-qa-lowering-dose-chest-ray.html Tue, 11 Aug 2026 15:40:04 EDT news705678920 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. An early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for improving the effectiveness of treatment and reducing nerve damage. To standardize and speed up diagnosis, the so-called McDonald criteria were introduced in 2001 and have since been revised several times. They combine clinical findings—such as visual disturbances, sensory disturbances or unsteadiness of gait—with results from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which reveals changes in the brain and spinal cord, as well as inflammatory markers in the cerebrospinal fluid. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-optic-nerve-inflammation-enables-earlier.html Tue, 11 Aug 2026 13:00:07 EDT news705667261 Researchers have shown that an imaging model can detect microstructural abnormalities in the brain associated with Huntington's disease, potentially offering a new method for monitoring disease progression and evaluating new treatments. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-mri-reveals-microstructural-brain-linked.html Tue, 11 Aug 2026 12:00:04 EDT news705666661 Lung cancer is among the most commonly diagnosed cancers globally and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Early detection can improve survival. However, collecting tissue samples from small tumors located deep within the lungs remains a major challenge. Because many of these lesions are found in the peripheral regions of the lungs, physicians must navigate through an intricate network of tiny branching airways to reach the target. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-ai-uncovers-overlooked-lung-airways.html Thu, 06 Aug 2026 11:40:22 EDT news705233763 When it comes to medical imaging, a chatbot doesn't know its backside from its elbow. Or, at least, it can't tell a spine from a knee. But if a Boston University research team is successful, a smarter AI system for evaluating brain scan images might someday help clinicians spot diseases sooner, saving lives while cutting costs. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-pretrained-ai-clinics-brain-mris.html Wed, 05 Aug 2026 10:00:03 EDT news705141601 Alzheimer's disease has traditionally been studied as a condition that primarily affects the brain's gray matter, where neuronal cell bodies are located and some of the disease's most characteristic lesions accumulate. However, growing evidence indicates that white matter is also affected during the early stages of the neurodegenerative process. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-mri-metric-early-multifactorial-white.html Wed, 05 Aug 2026 09:40:03 EDT news705141181 Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) has made significant strides over the past 50 years, although it only recently received FDA approval to treat prostate cancer. But despite the progress—and billions of dollars in industry investments—one area that has lagged behind is dosing, which is still one-size-fits-all. Now, researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have developed an AI model that can inform individualized treatment by generating a patient's radiation dose map with gold-standard accuracy in under 23 seconds. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-ai-tool-dose-personalize-prostate.html Tue, 04 Aug 2026 17:00:05 EDT news705075901 Hallucinations and delusions that appear for the first time in midlife or later are often treated as psychiatric symptoms whose biological cause is unclear. The study, published in Molecular Psychiatry suggests that, for many patients, these symptoms may be linked to brain changes also seen in dementia. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-brain-scans-reveal-tau-buildup.html Tue, 04 Aug 2026 10:20:03 EDT news705047030 USC researchers have developed an approach that uses artificial intelligence to generate detailed maps that highlight differences in how distinct parts of the brain age. The new model also sheds light on how patterns of brain changes correlate with changes in cognitive function across the lifespan, according to a new USC study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-ai-enabled-local-brain-aging.html Mon, 03 Aug 2026 17:00:06 EDT news704994061 When a heart attack damages the heart, the injured muscle is replaced by scar tissue. That scar can interfere with the electrical signals that coordinate each heartbeat, increasing the risk of dangerous rhythm disorders known as arrhythmias. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-08-imaging-technique-reveals-scar-tissue.html Mon, 03 Aug 2026 07:00:02 EDT news704953682 In a promising sign for the potential of focused sound waves to improve care for brain tumors, UVA Health researchers have determined that tumors called gliomas may be even more receptive to targeted drug delivery than normal brain tissue. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-deadly-brain-tumors-vulnerability-approach.html Sun, 02 Aug 2026 08:00:01 EDT news704645465 A research team from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) has developed a novel AI framework, the Generalist–Specialist Collaboration (GSCo), which enables a generalist foundation model and specialist models to collaborate on disease diagnosis. GSCo outperforms both standalone models in tasks such as medical imaging, visual question answering and radiology report generation, while significantly reducing the cost of adapting medical models to new clinical tasks. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-ai-framework-enables-efficient-collaboration.html Thu, 30 Jul 2026 12:20:10 EDT news704630341 Lanthanide carriers could help define the next generation of biomedical imaging and fast-track the emerging field of theranostics—approaches that link diagnostic imaging with treatment selection, delivery or monitoring. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-lanthanide-carriers-biomedical-imaging-combined.html Thu, 30 Jul 2026 05:00:01 EDT news704473681 Researchers have developed a new artificial intelligence-based method that could significantly improve the detection and classification of brain tumors from MRI scans, achieving higher accuracy than conventional diagnostic systems. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-scientists-brain-tumors-mri-images.html Tue, 28 Jul 2026 17:40:03 EDT news704450432 Dementia, a progressive loss of memory and decline in mental function that can be caused by various neurological conditions, is estimated to affect more than 57 million people worldwide. Identifying specific biological and neural markers of this condition could help estimate the risk that individuals will develop it and potentially enable early interventions aimed at delaying its emergence or slowing its progression. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-brain-fluid-flag-future-dementia.html Tue, 28 Jul 2026 07:40:06 EDT news704367580 Low brain metabolism as measured by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT is associated with higher mortality in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to new research published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. Incorporating brain ¹⁸F-FDG uptake alongside clinical, tumor and biological data improved prediction of overall survival, providing physicians with valuable insight to help identify patients most likely to benefit from early supportive care. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-brain-metabolism-survival-advanced-nonsmall.html Mon, 27 Jul 2026 21:40:05 EDT news704367529 We commonly say an art curator casts "an expert eye" over a painting, or an auditor over a set of accounts. But what is it that, for example, allows an experienced birdwatcher to identify an uncommon species rapidly, at a distance and against a chaotic background in the wild? And what separates the gaze of a qualified brain surgeon from that of a first-year medical student? How is that kind of visual expertise acquired? https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-surgeon-code-visual-expertise-ai.html Mon, 27 Jul 2026 07:40:01 EDT news704356501 The first photographs many parents have of their children are sonograms, used to check on the health of developing fetuses. These sonograms use noninvasive ultrasound technology, but the grainy, gray images they produce can lack diagnostic clarity. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-smarter-sonograms-generative-ai-advance.html Sat, 25 Jul 2026 11:00:04 EDT news703943557 Researchers in Korea have developed a new near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye with significantly improved photostability, overcoming the rapid signal fading that has long limited fluorescence imaging during surgery for cancer, lymph node mapping and other medical procedures. The work is published in the journal Small. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-07-scientists-photostable-infrared-fluorescent-dye.html Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:40:02 EDT news704112841