https://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine. A group led by the Department of Neurosurgery at the Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, has successfully diagnosed 10 primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) patients who had difficult-to-access lesions in or around the brainstem, or were too frail to receive surgical biopsies. The case report was published online in the journal Neurooncology Advances. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-treatment-positive-liquid-biopsy-primary.html Wed, 28 Jan 2026 14:47:40 EST news688834021 In breast cancer, a biopsy is the only diagnostic procedure that can determine if a suspicious lump or area is cancerous. However, in the U.S., between 75% and 80% of breast biopsies are benign. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-imaging-technique-benign-breast-biopsies.html Thu, 22 Jan 2026 06:34:43 EST news688286041 In Brazil, the early detection of genetic alterations in lung cancer through liquid biopsies could be a valuable tool for expediting diagnoses and guiding patient treatment. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-liquid-biopsy-advances-yield-tool.html Wed, 07 Jan 2026 21:00:01 EST news687020447 Skipping sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with clinically node-negative, hormonal receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer did not compromise regional control or survival after a median five years of follow-up, according to results from the BOOG 2013-08 Phase III clinical trial, presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), held December 9–12, 2025. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-12-sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy-safely.html Thu, 11 Dec 2025 08:34:35 EST news684664442 Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the most aggressive and difficult cancers to treat. It can initially respond well to therapeutic combinations of chemotherapy, but a tiny minority of tumor cells may manage to tolerate these treatments. These so-called "persister" cells are then able to reform a tumor, causing a relapse of breast cancer in 20 to 30% of cases. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-11-breast-cancer-relapse-key-cellular.html Thu, 06 Nov 2025 22:00:01 EST news681656207 For patients with early-stage cervical cancer, sentinel lymph node biopsy alone is noninferior to lymphadenectomy with respect to disease-free survival, according to a study published online Oct. 15 in the New England Journal of Medicine. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy-noninferior.html Thu, 23 Oct 2025 00:30:01 EDT news680358174 A genomic test co-developed by Mayo Clinic and SkylineDx can identify whether people with melanoma are at low or high risk for cancer in their lymph nodes—a finding that could guide treatment decisions and help many people avoid lymph node biopsy surgery. The study results are published in JAMA Surgery. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-genomic-people-melanoma-lymph-node.html Wed, 22 Oct 2025 15:00:03 EDT news680363407 In a finding set to change the way disease is monitored, Chandra Mohan, an international expert and pioneer in lupus research at the University of Houston, is reporting that urine samples can indicate lupus nephritis in a noninvasive manner, without the need for repeat and painful renal biopsies. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-simple-urine-kidney.html Tue, 21 Oct 2025 13:19:03 EDT news680271541 Treatments for cancer are continuously improving, but they can still cause debilitating, even fatal, side effects. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, or ICIs, have revolutionized cancer therapy, yet their use can trigger a rare but deadly side effect that affects the heart: myocarditis. ICI-related myocarditis has a mortality of up to 40%. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-liquid-biopsy-early-ici-myocarditis.html Fri, 10 Oct 2025 11:30:03 EDT news679312561 A multi-institutional study from the Accelerating GBM Therapies Through Serial Biopsies TeamLab, led by investigators from the Mass General Brigham Cancer Institute, found that serially testing tumor samples can help detect when a cancer treatment is activating the immune system in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM), even when traditional imaging measures cannot. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-brain-tumor-sampling-uncovers-treatment.html Wed, 08 Oct 2025 14:00:12 EDT news679134781 For many older women, the question of whether to continue breast cancer screening has been uncertain. While most guidelines recommend mammograms up to age 74, advice for women 75 and older has been less clear. Now, a new study from researchers at the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center suggests that regular mammograms may still offer significant benefits for women in their 80s. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-mammograms-benefit-women-80s.html Mon, 22 Sep 2025 12:52:04 EDT news677764321 A project at Lund University in Sweden has trained an AI model to identify breast cancer patients who could be spared from axillary surgery. The model analyzes previously unutilized information in mammograms and pinpoints with high accuracy the individual risk of metastasis in the armpit. A newly completed study shows that the model indicates that just over 40% of today's axillary surgery procedures could be avoided. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-ai-ten-breast-cancer-patients.html Wed, 17 Sep 2025 13:17:04 EDT news677333821 Obtaining a prefrontal cortex (PFC) biopsy during deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures is safe, according to a study published online Sept. 3 in Neurosurgery. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-prefrontal-cortex-safely-biopsied-deep.html Wed, 03 Sep 2025 13:40:02 EDT news676122043 Obtaining prefrontal cortex biopsies during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in living patients does not increase the risk of adverse events or cognitive decline compared to standard DBS procedures that don't involve biopsies, a team of clinical research scientists at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has demonstrated. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-09-prefrontal-cortex-biopsies-deep-brain.html Wed, 03 Sep 2025 09:00:01 EDT news676031401 Men assessed as healthy after a pathologist analyzes their tissue sample may still have an early form of prostate cancer. Using AI, researchers at Uppsala University have been able to find subtle tissue changes that allow the cancer to be detected long before it becomes visible to the human eye. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-08-ai-early-prostate-cancer-samples.html Fri, 22 Aug 2025 10:30:56 EDT news675077450 A new study reveals that some men who are diagnosed with "Grade Group one" (GG1) prostate cancer may actually be at higher risk than biopsy results suggest, according to research led by Weill Cornell Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland and Case Western University. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-grade-prostate-cancers-higher-biopsy.html Thu, 31 Jul 2025 11:00:03 EDT news673109928 Cancer cells mount an instant, energy‑rich response to being physically squeezed, according to a study published in the journal Nature Communications. The surge of energy is the first reported instance of a defensive mechanism that helps cells repair DNA damage and survive the crowded environments of the human body. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-cancer-cells-boost-energy-survive.html Wed, 30 Jul 2025 05:00:04 EDT news672936288 A group led by the Department of Neurosurgery at the Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, has successfully treated a patient with a brainstem glioma harboring a rare IDH2 mutation. The case report was published online in the journal Frontiers in Oncology. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-temozolomide-adult-brainstem-glioma-patient.html Thu, 17 Jul 2025 05:04:28 EDT news671947463 A multidisciplinary guideline panel convened by the American Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (AABIP) and the Early Detection & Screening Committee of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) has determined that guided-bronchoscopy sampling provides tissue of comparable adequacy for comprehensive biomarker testing to percutaneous (CT-guided) biopsy, while delivering a superior safety profile—especially when contemporary navigational technologies are employed. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-bronchoscopic-lung-biopsy-techniques-percutaneous.html Mon, 14 Jul 2025 12:36:02 EDT news671715358 Liquid biopsies are tests that detect signs of cancer through a simple blood draw. Unlike traditional biopsies, which require removing a piece of tissue, a liquid biopsy typically looks for mutations or modification changes in fragments of DNA from cancer cells circulating in the blood. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-liquid-biopsy-rna-modifications-early.html Tue, 08 Jul 2025 05:00:03 EDT news671104741 Exercise has been recognized as an extremely effective tool to improve human health—it can have a preventative and even therapeutic effect on non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-06-generation-fields-personalized.html Wed, 11 Jun 2025 12:30:04 EDT news668863802 The sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor drug dapagliflozin, widely used to treat type 2 diabetes, also shows improvements for patients with progressive liver disease, finds a clinical trial from China published by The BMJ. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-06-diabetes-drug-benefits-patients-liver.html Wed, 04 Jun 2025 18:30:05 EDT news668245801 A new "liquid biopsy" test can help fast-track lung cancer patients to receive targeted therapy up to two weeks earlier, while helping some avoid further tests and treatments, including chemotherapy. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-06-liquid-biopsy-faster-precise-treatment.html Mon, 02 Jun 2025 10:59:06 EDT news668080742 Former President Joe Biden has been diagnosed with an "aggressive" form of prostate cancer that has spread to his bones. But what does it mean for this type of cancer to be called aggressive? https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-biden-prostate-cancer-aggressive-urologic.html Thu, 22 May 2025 17:20:01 EDT news667138378 For pediatric patients with retinoblastoma, aqueous humor liquid biopsy via anterior chamber paracentesis is a safe and well-tolerated procedure, according to a study recently published online in Ophthalmology. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-aqueous-humor-liquid-biopsy-safe.html Wed, 14 May 2025 15:40:01 EDT news666454941 A review now published in the Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research offers a sweeping and authoritative synthesis of the use of liquid biopsy in gynecological oncology, placing this emerging tool at the forefront of precision medicine for women. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-power-liquid-biopsy-clinical-gynecologic.html Fri, 09 May 2025 12:11:04 EDT news666011461 In a new study led by the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, investigators show that using advanced MRI imaging and targeted focal therapy can help many men with low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer safely stay on active surveillance long-term, helping avoid follow-up biopsies and delay—or even avoid—invasive treatments like surgery or radiation. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-advanced-imaging-therapy-men-prostate.html Thu, 08 May 2025 12:45:04 EDT news665927101 In a study led by a multinational team of experts, researchers at National Jewish Health and their collaborators in Colorado, Illinois, Taiwan and Israel have introduced a new term to the medical lexicon: silicosarcoidosis. This novel designation describes cases where patients' lung tissue exhibits overlapping features of both silicosis and sarcoidosis, two serious pulmonary diseases linked to occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) commonly found in construction, mining, and engineered stone fabrication. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-silicosarcoidosis-coin-term-distinct-occupational.html Wed, 07 May 2025 15:43:03 EDT news665851381 Patients with advanced solid tumors experienced significantly improved survival outcomes when receiving a tailored therapy based on the detection of the same genomic alteration in both tissue and liquid biopsies compared with both standard-of-care treatment and tailored therapy that was based on either biopsy on its own, according to results from the phase II, multicenter ROME trial presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2025, held April 25–30. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-04-patient-outcomes-tailored-treatment-tissue.html Tue, 29 Apr 2025 09:43:04 EDT news665138581 A new study asked three questions about muscle protein synthesis in response to a nine-day diet and weight training regimen: First, does the source of protein—plant or animal-based—make any difference to muscle gain? Second, does it matter if total daily protein intake is evenly distributed throughout the day? And third, does a moderate but sufficient daily protein intake influence any of these variables? The answer to all three questions is "no," the researchers found. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-04-omnivorous-vegan-difference-muscle-weight.html Mon, 21 Apr 2025 09:30:04 EDT news664446601