https://medicalxpress.com/ en-us Medical Xpress internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Physics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine. Tear fluid is emerging as an attractive source of diagnostic information because it can be collected easily and noninvasively. Changes in tear composition often reflect underlying physiological conditions, making tears a valuable medium for monitoring eye diseases. The newly developed biosensor targets two proteins associated with diabetic retinopathy: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-02-fiber-optic-lcn1-vegf-diabetic.html Sun, 15 Feb 2026 19:00:03 EST news689869264 Many people may have a dim view of their fat tissue, yet scientists have come to recognize adipose as a necessary and metabolically active organ, carrying out many vital functions within the body. In the case of obesity, too much fat can contribute to conditions such as diabetes and heart disease. Intriguingly, for people with certain rare genetic and autoimmune disorders, such as familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2), the abnormal loss and distribution of adipose tissue can also lead to diabetes and metabolic disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-02-uncovering-rare-disease-resulting-abnormal.html Mon, 09 Feb 2026 13:21:51 EST news689865661 A University of Missouri researcher has unveiled a safer, smarter way to fight drug-resistant infections. Dr. Hongmin Sun, an associate professor in the School of Medicine, has demonstrated that a spray-mist device can deliver last-resort antibiotics directly into infected tissue without the harmful side effects often caused by delivery via the bloodstream. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-02-spray-infections-device-antibiotics-mist.html Wed, 04 Feb 2026 15:43:43 EST news689442181 University of Toronto researchers are calling for more study of obesity, gut bacteria and metabolic conditions that arise in childhood and adolescence, with an eye to curbing the global rise of type 2 diabetes. The team says a better understanding of how genetic and environmental factors that lead to obesity also alter the makeup and function of the gut microbiota—the community of microbes living in the gut—will yield better interventions for children most at risk for youth-onset diabetes. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-02-urge-focus-child-obesity-gut.html Wed, 04 Feb 2026 15:43:14 EST news689442122 Higher rates of death among younger Australians from cardiovascular disease has been linked to being overweight or obese, a new study shows. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-02-overweight-obesity-linked-cardiovascular-deaths.html Mon, 02 Feb 2026 09:44:55 EST news689247841 Numerous genetic studies have identified many risk variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D)—but which genes and proteins are actually involved in the disease mechanisms? An international team led by Helmholtz Munich has now used globally collected genetic data to pinpoint the genes and proteins linked to T2D. The researchers systematically compared their results across multiple tissues and four global ancestry groups. In a study published this week in Nature Metabolism, they demonstrate that analyses limited to blood samples alone would have missed many potentially causal disease signals. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-big-hidden-genetic-drivers-diabetes.html Thu, 29 Jan 2026 08:29:56 EST news688897742 A simple smart speaker may be the latest tool to help seniors with some of the mental and physical challenges of type 2 diabetes. A new study published in JAMA Network Open reports that using an Amazon Echo Dot helped reduce mental distress in older adults with the condition, while also improving their blood sugar levels and quality of life. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-smart-speaker-mental-health-blood.html Wed, 28 Jan 2026 11:30:06 EST news688822059 Researchers have identified a protein pattern that, already at birth, looks markedly different in those who later go on to develop type 1 diabetes. The findings show that a combination of several factors during pregnancy increases the risk of the child later developing the disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-foundations-diabetes-laid-pregnancy.html Wed, 28 Jan 2026 10:00:08 EST news688816644 Patients with neuropathic bladder (NB), a condition in which nerve damage affects bladder function, have a significantly higher risk of joint infections, blood clots, and other adverse events after receiving total hip replacement (THR), UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers found. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-neuropathic-bladder-patients-complications-hip.html Tue, 27 Jan 2026 12:49:29 EST news688740542 The prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) is elevated among adults with diabetes, with significant risk factors including age, diabetes duration, hypertension, and neuropathy, according to a review published online Jan. 11 in Neurology and Urodynamics. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-odds-overactive-bladder-elevated-patients.html Mon, 26 Jan 2026 16:40:02 EST news688664154 People with type 2 diabetes face a higher risk of heart attacks, strokes and other cardiovascular problems, according to the National Institutes of Health. These risks also differ between women and men, but doctors don't fully understand why. In a new Johns Hopkins Medicine-led study, researchers explore whether sex hormones like testosterone and estradiol help explain these differences. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-sex-hormones-play-important-role.html Mon, 26 Jan 2026 10:32:45 EST news688645921 For adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), surgery is superior to medical therapy for reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and achieving weight loss, regardless of social deprivation, according to a study published online Jan. 20 in the Annals of Internal Medicine. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-surgery-medical-therapy-diabetes-social.html Fri, 23 Jan 2026 12:23:29 EST news688393382 Prediabetes is an extremely heterogeneous metabolic disorder. Scientists from several partner institutes of the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) have now used artificial intelligence (AI) to identify epigenetic markers that indicate an elevated risk of complications. A simple blood test could be sufficient to identify individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes and its complications at an early stage. The study shows how data-driven approaches and molecular medicine interact in the diagnostic process. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-prediabetes-blood-based-epigenetic-markers.html Fri, 23 Jan 2026 12:05:06 EST news688392241 A landmark UK study involving tens of thousands of families has shown that childhood screening for type 1 diabetes is effective, laying the groundwork for a UK-wide childhood screening program. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-national-childhood-diabetes-screening-thousands.html Wed, 21 Jan 2026 12:47:41 EST news688222021 Recent findings have shown that routine eye screening could also be used for early detection of underlying heart disease in people with type 2 diabetes. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-routine-eye-screening-window-heart.html Tue, 20 Jan 2026 20:30:02 EST news688146217 Preventing high blood glucose (pre-diabetes) from turning into type 2 diabetes with lifestyle changes could more than halve the carbon footprint associated with treating the complications of the disease, suggests a modeling study, published in the journal BMJ Open. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-diabetes-halve-carbon-footprint-linked.html Tue, 20 Jan 2026 18:30:09 EST news688056317 A recent study by Vanderbilt Health researchers has revealed a greater, detrimental role for B lymphocytes (B cells) in the progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-cells-play-sinister-role-believed.html Tue, 20 Jan 2026 15:34:00 EST news688145581 A common diabetes medication does not help people with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and without diabetes walk farther, according to results from a major U.S. clinical trial published in JAMA. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-common-diabetes-drug-peripheral-artery.html Tue, 20 Jan 2026 14:23:31 EST news688141382 A study led by the Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong (HKUMed), in collaboration with the University of Hong Kong–Shenzhen Hospital, has demonstrated that combining an innovative coronary imaging technology known as the caFFR system, with diabetes drug SGLT2 inhibitors can significantly reduce the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), heart failure and death among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-diabetic-patients-angiography-ffr-imaging.html Tue, 20 Jan 2026 12:08:04 EST news688133221 A Europe-wide study led by the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG) shows that the microbial composition of the gut, known as the gut microbiome, can predict long-term complications following severe acute pancreatitis. To this end, the gut microbiome was analyzed upon admission to hospital and, based on this data, a computer-assisted model was developed that links subsequent complications to microbial changes. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-gut-microbiota-term-complications-acute.html Tue, 20 Jan 2026 12:03:58 EST news688132981 DiaCardia, a novel artificial intelligence model that can accurately identify individuals with prediabetes using either 12-lead or single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) data, has been developed. This breakthrough holds promise for future home-based prediabetes screening using consumer wearable devices, without requiring invasive blood tests. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-ai-prediabetes-ecg-blood.html Mon, 19 Jan 2026 16:10:05 EST news688060871 People with mental illness have a higher risk of developing diabetes due to multiple factors. However, they do not receive adequate medical care for existing diabetes, as an international study led by the Medical Faculty of the University of Augsburg now shows. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-people-mental-illness-poorer-diabetes.html Mon, 19 Jan 2026 14:45:59 EST news688056290 Diabetes is a lifelong disease that affects almost 12% of people in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Many of these people are often undiagnosed, too, putting them at risk of complications. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-diabetes.html Sat, 17 Jan 2026 08:10:01 EST news687769772 Metformin makes it easier for women with the hormone disorder PCOS to get pregnant, and the mother often gets better throughout the pregnancy. Her children, however, have a markedly higher risk of eczema and allergies. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-metformin-successful-pregnancy-women-pcos.html Thu, 15 Jan 2026 09:21:40 EST news687691261 Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a class of highly persistent environmental chemicals commonly referred to as "forever chemicals," is associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and altered markers of insulin resistance and insulin secretion, according to a new systematic review and meta-analysis led by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-exposure-chemicals-linked-higher-gestational.html Wed, 14 Jan 2026 13:30:01 EST news687617545 Women aged younger than 45 years who experience menopause are at a higher risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. However, despite such diabetes-related risk factors as increased fat and insulin resistance occurring during menopause, a new large-scale study found no independent relationship between age or type of menopause and the onset of diabetes. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-diabetes-menopause.html Wed, 14 Jan 2026 05:12:49 EST news687589922 Diabetes, a metabolic disease, is on the rise worldwide, and over 90% of cases are type 2 diabetes, where the body does not effectively respond to insulin. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-blood-metabolite-signature-diabetes.html Wed, 14 Jan 2026 05:00:06 EST news687458761 A study led by researchers from the University of Liverpool has found that spikes in blood sugar after meals may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-blood-sugar-spikes-linked-higher.html Wed, 14 Jan 2026 03:00:08 EST news687536581 Helping women to keep their blood pressure at normal levels could reduce their risk of experiencing pregnancy complications, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of Bristol. The research is published in BMC Medicine. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-higher-maternal-blood-pressure-pregnancy.html Tue, 13 Jan 2026 20:00:02 EST news687537361 New research led by King's College London, in collaboration with the University of Westminster, has shed light on the diversity and characteristics of E. coli strains that drive diabetic foot infections. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-01-reveals-hidden-diversity-coli-diabetic.html Tue, 13 Jan 2026 09:00:01 EST news687442382