A study tying the aging process to the deterioration of tightly packaged bundles of cellular DNA could lead to methods of preventing and treating age-related diseases such as cancer, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, as detailed ...
Apr 30, 2015
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In addition to the four major bases in the DNA alphabet—A, C, G and T—there is also a minor "fifth" base, 5-methylcytosine (5mC), which plays a disproportionately important role in deciding whether genes and other DNA ...
Jul 29, 2019
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Prof. Liu Guanghui and his colleagues from the Institute of Zoology and the Beijing Institute of Genomics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have collaborated to find that Apolipoprotein E (APOE) destabilizes heterochromatin ...
Apr 7, 2022
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The guardians of the human genome that work to prevent potentially disease-causing gene expression might not be as effective at their jobs as previously thought, according to new University of Arizona research.
Sep 16, 2019
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Progeroid syndromes are a group of rare genetic disorders that cause signs of premature aging in children and young adults, such as Werner Syndrome and Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Patients affected by progeroid ...
Oct 4, 2022
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In 2008, the Telomeres and Telomerase Group led by Maria A. Blasco at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) was one of the first to discover TERRAs, long non-coding telomeric RNAs that are transcribed from telomeres ...
Apr 26, 2018
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Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA, which comes in different varieties. These varieties lie on a continuum between the two extremes of constitutive and facultative heterochromatin. Both play a role in the expression of genes, where constitutive heterochromatin can affect the genes near them (position-effect variegation) and where facultative heterochromatin is the result of genes that are silenced through a mechanism such as histone methylation or siRNA through RNAi. Constitutive heterochromatin is usually repetitive and forms structural functions such as centromeres or telomeres, in addition to acting as an attractor for other gene-expression or repression signals. Facultative heterochromatin is not repetitive and although it shares the compact structure of constitutive heterochromatin, facultative heterochromatin can, under specific developmental or environmental signaling cues, lose its condensed structure and become transcriptionally active. Heterochromatin is often associated with the di and tri-methylation of H3K9.
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