Type 1 Diabetes
Potential diabetes breakthrough: Researchers discover new hormone spurring beta cell production
Researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) have discovered a hormone that holds promise for a dramatically more effective treatment of type 2 diabetes, a metabolic illness afflicting an estimated ...
Medical research
Apr 25, 2013 |
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Large-scale genetic study defines relationship between primary sclerosing cholangitis and other autoimmune diseases
For the first time, scientists show that a leading cause of liver transplant, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), is a distinct disease from inflammatory bowel disease, opening up new avenues for specific PSC treatments.
Genetics
Apr 21, 2013 |
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GI tract bacteria may protect against autoimmune disease
Early life exposure to normal bacteria of the GI tract (gut microbes) protects against autoimmune disease in mice, according to research published on-line in the January 17 edition of Science. The study ...
Immunology
Jan 17, 2013 |
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Neutrophils: White blood cells mediate insulin resistance
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine say neutrophils, an abundant type of white blood cell typically tasked with attacking bacteria and other foreign invaders, also plays ...
Medical research
Aug 05, 2012 |
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Discovery of chemical that affects biological clock offers new way to treat metabolic disorders
Biologists at UC San Diego have discovered a chemical that offers a completely new and promising direction for the development of drugs to treat metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes—a major public ...
Diabetes
Jul 12, 2012 |
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Experimental bariatric surgery controls blood sugar with diabetic rats
For the first time, scientists at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute have shown that an experimental bariatric surgery can lower blood sugar levels in rats with type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes
May 20, 2012 |
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Researchers use dual strategy to fight Type 1 diabetes
(Medical Xpress) -- University of Florida researchers teamed with colleagues at City of Hope National Medical Center in Duarte, Calif., to devise a new combination therapy that reverses established Type 1 diabetes in mice.
Medical research
May 10, 2012 |
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Eye color may indicate risk for serious skin conditions
Eye color may be an indicator of whether a person is high-risk for certain serious skin conditions. A study, led by the University of Colorado School of Medicine, shows people with blue eyes are less likely to have vitiligo. ...
Genetics
May 06, 2012 |
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Scientists shed new light on link between 'killer cells' and diabetes
Killer T-cells in the human body which help protect us from disease can inadvertently destroy cells that produce insulin, new research has uncovered.
Medical research
Jan 15, 2012 |
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Rare genetic disorder provides clues to development of the pancreas
A rare genetic disorder has given researchers at the University of Exeter a surprising insight into how the pancreas develops. The finding provides a clue to how it may be possible to 'programme' stem cells – master ...
Genetics
Dec 11, 2011 |
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The immune system has protective memory cells, researchers discover
(Medical Xpress) -- The immune system possesses a type of cell that can be activated by tissues within the body to remind the immune system not to attack our own molecules, cells and organs, UCSF researchers have discovered.
Medical research
Nov 28, 2011 |
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Researchers discover new molecular target for diabetes treatment
Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a key molecular pathway responsible for the natural decrease in the proliferation of insulin-producing cells that occurs as a person ages. Artificially ...
Medical research
Oct 12, 2011 |
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Decade of effort yields diabetes susceptibility gene: Tomosyn-2 regulates insulin secretion
Ten years of meticulous mouse breeding, screening, and record-keeping have finally paid off for Alan Attie and his lab members.
Genetics
Oct 06, 2011 |
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Immune system discoveries earn Nobel in medicine (Update)
Three scientists won the Nobel Prize in medicine on Monday for discoveries about the immune system that opened new avenues for the treatment and prevention of infectious illnesses and cancer.
Medical research
Oct 03, 2011 |
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Discovery of insulin switches in pancreas could lead to new diabetes drugs
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered how a hormone turns on a series of molecular switches inside the pancreas that increases production of insulin.
Medical research
Sep 26, 2011 |
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Diabetes mellitus type 1 (Type 1 diabetes, T1DM, IDDM, or, formerly, juvenile diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. The subsequent lack of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose. The classical symptoms are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and weight loss.
Incidence varies from 8-17/100,000 in Northern Europe and the U.S., with a high of about 35/100,000 in Scandinavia, to a low of 1/100,000 in Japan and China.
Eventually, type 1 diabetes is fatal unless treated with insulin. Injection is the most common method of administering insulin; other methods are insulin pumps and inhaled insulin. Pancreatic transplants have been used. Pancreatic islet cell transplantation is experimental, though growing.
Most people who develop type 1 are otherwise healthy. Although the cause of type 1 diabetes is still not fully understood, it is believed to be of immunological origin.
Type 1 can be distinguished from type 2 diabetes via a C-peptide assay, which measures endogenous insulin production.
Type 1 treatment must be continued indefinitely in all cases. Treatment is not intended to significantly impair normal activities, and can be done adequately if sufficient patient training, awareness, appropriate care, discipline in testing and dosing of insulin is taken. However, treatment remains quite burdensome for many people. Complications may be associated with both low blood sugar and high blood sugar, both largely due to the non-physiological manner in which insulin is replaced. Low blood sugar may lead to seizures or episodes of unconsciousness and requires emergency treatment. High blood sugar may lead to increased fatigue and can also result in long term damage to organs.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
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