News tagged with longitudinal study
Study adds to evidence that cigarettes are gateway to marijuana
Teen smokers who rationalize their use of cigarettes by saying, "At least, I'm not doing drugs," may not always be able to use that line.
Health
May 05, 2013 |
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Good night's sleep linked to happiness
(Medical Xpress)—Want a good night's sleep? Be positive – consistently. Although happiness is generally good for sleeping, when a person's happiness varies a lot in reaction to daily ups and downs, sleep suffers, reports ...
Health
Apr 29, 2013 |
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Increased rates of hospitalization linked to elder abuse, researchers find
Older adults who are subject to elder abuse, neglect and exploitation face a greater risk of being hospitalized than other seniors, according to the results of a study published in the April 8 issue of JAMA Internal Medicine.
Health
Apr 08, 2013 |
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Early poor mental health link to early puberty
(Medical Xpress)—Children who have an earlier onset of puberty have poorer mental health from as early as preschool age, a new study by Murdoch Childrens Research Institute has found.
Psychology & Psychiatry
Apr 02, 2013 |
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Child development varies and is hard to predict, study finds
On average, children take the first steps on their own at the age of 12 months. Many parents perceive this event as a decisive turning point. However, the timing is really of no consequence. Children who start walking early ...
Pediatrics
Mar 28, 2013 |
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Teens' struggles with peers forecast long-term adult problems
Teenagers' struggles to connect with their peers in the early adolescent years while not getting swept along by negative peer influences predict their capacity to form strong friendships and avoid serious problems even ten ...
Psychology & Psychiatry
Mar 28, 2013 |
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Vitamin D linked to mitochondrial oxidative function
(HealthDay)—For vitamin D deficient individuals, cholecalciferol therapy is associated with reduced phosphocreatine recovery half-time in skeletal muscle and with improvements in fatigue, according to a ...
Health
Mar 19, 2013 |
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Dating in middle school leads to higher dropout, drug-use rates
Students who date in middle school have significantly worse study skills, are four times more likely to drop out of school and report twice as much alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use than their single classmates, ...
Health
Mar 15, 2013 |
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New moms suffer more obsessive-compulsive symptoms than general population
A new mother may constantly worry and check to see if her baby is still breathing. Or she may fret about germs, obsessing whether she's properly sterilized the bottles, then wash and rewash them.
Psychology & Psychiatry
Mar 04, 2013 |
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Bullied children can suffer lasting psychological harm as adults
Bullied children grow into adults who are at increased risk of developing anxiety disorders, depression and suicidal thoughts, according to a study led by researchers at Duke Medicine.
Psychology & Psychiatry
Feb 20, 2013 |
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Parents' praise predicts attitudes toward challenge 5 years later
Toddlers whose parents praised their efforts more than they praised them as individuals had a more positive approach to challenges five years later. That's the finding of a new longitudinal study that also found gender differences ...
Pediatrics
Feb 12, 2013 |
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A regular walk can cut your risk of major illness, shows research
A regular walking routine significantly reduces the risk of Metabolic Syndrome, a condition which affects one in four people in the UK and can cause heart disease, strokes and cancer.
Health
Feb 06, 2013 |
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Children's complex thinking skills begin forming before they go to school
New research at the University of Chicago and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill shows that children begin to show signs of higher-level thinking skills as young as age 4 ½. Researchers have previously attributed ...
Psychology & Psychiatry
Jan 23, 2013 |
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How are middle-aged women affected by burnout?
Emotional exhaustion and physical and cognitive fatigue are signs of burnout, often caused by prolonged exposure to stress. Burnout can cause negative health effects including poor sleep, depression, anxiety, ...
Health
Jan 17, 2013 |
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Video games benefit children, study finds
(Medical Xpress)—Children could be better off playing video games this holiday season than watching television, a QUT study shows.
Psychology & Psychiatry
Jan 16, 2013 |
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Longitudinal study
A longitudinal study is a correlational research study that involves repeated observations of the same items over long periods of time — often many decades. It is a type of observational study. Longitudinal studies are often used in psychology to study developmental trends across the life span, and in sociology to study life events throughout lifetimes or generations. The reason for this is that unlike cross-sectional studies, longitudinal studies track the same people, and therefore the differences observed in those people are less likely to be the result of cultural differences across generations. Because of this benefit, longitudinal studies make observing changes more accurate and they are applied in various other fields. In medicine, the design is used to uncover predictors of certain diseases. In advertising, the Communicus System, the design is used to identify the changes that advertising has produced in the attitudes and behaviors of those within the target audience who have seen the advertising campaign.
Because longitudinal studies are observational, in the sense that they observe the state of the world without manipulating it, it has been argued that they may have less power to detect causal relationships than do experiments. But because of the repeated observation at the individual level, they have more power than cross-sectional observational studies, by virtue of being able to exclude time-invariant unobserved individual differences, and by virtue of observing the temporal order of events.
Longitudinal studies allow social scientists to distinguish short from long-term phenomena, such as poverty. If the poverty rate is 10% at a point in time, this may mean that 10% of the population are always poor, or that the whole population experiences poverty for 10% of the time. It is not possible to conclude which of these possibilities is the case using one-off cross-sectional studies.
Types of longitudinal studies include cohort studies and panel studies. Cohort studies sample a cohort, defined as a group experiencing some event (typically birth) in a selected time period, and studying them at intervals through time. Panel studies sample a cross-section, and survey it at (usually regular) intervals.
A retrospective study is a longitudinal study that looks back in time. For instance a researcher may look up the medical records of previous years to look for a trend.
For more information about Longitudinal study, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
