News tagged with rna
Newly described type of immune cell and T cells share similar path to maturity, according to new study
(Medical Xpress)—Labs around the world, and a core group at Penn, have been studying recently described populations of immune cells called innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Some researchers liken them to foot soldiers that ...
Immunology
May 14, 2013 |
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Recent studies warn surveillance of bird flu strains is needed
(Medical Xpress)—Recent scientific papers from China suggest a vigilant watch should be kept on the development of bird flu viruses, as a new strain has been identified and previously known viruses have ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
May 03, 2013 |
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Genetic 'fine tuners' control body's own attack against cancer
(Medical Xpress)—The body's own immune system's fight against breast cancer is controlled by genetic 'fine tuners', known as microRNAs, according to a study published in Nature today.
Cancer
May 06, 2013 |
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What role do processing bodies play in cell survival and protection against viral infection?
As scientists learn more about processing bodies (PBs), granules present within normal cells, they are unraveling the complex role PBs play in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating RNA metabolism ...
Medical research
May 16, 2013 |
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Identifying key regulators of kidney injury
(Medical Xpress)—Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered class of RNA molecules that regulate how genes are expressed. UCD researchers led by Conway Fellow, Professor Catherine Godson are studying the role of miRNAs ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
May 09, 2013 |
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Big data analysis identifies prognostic RNA markers in a common form of breast cancer
A Big Data analysis that integrates three large sets of genomic data available through The Cancer Genome Atlas has identified 37 RNA molecules that might predict survival in patients with the most common form of breast cancer.
Cancer
Apr 29, 2013 |
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Scientists create novel approach to find RNAs involved in long-term memory storage
(Phys.org) —Despite decades of research, relatively little is known about the identity of RNA molecules that are transported as part of the molecular process underpinning learning and memory. Now, working together, scientists ...
Medical research
Apr 25, 2013 |
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Connection between faulty neural activation and schizophrenia revealed
(Medical Xpress)—By studying what happens in the normal brain when neurons fire, Australian scientists have been able to identify a finely and dynamically regulated process. They also describe how dysfunction of this process ...
Psychology & Psychiatry
May 02, 2013 |
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Study finds why some don't respond to rubella vaccine
Using advanced genetic sequencing technology and analysis, Mayo Clinic vaccine researchers have identified 27 genes that respond in very different ways to the standard rubella vaccine, making the vaccine less effective for ...
Immunology
May 01, 2013 |
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Team finds markers related to ovarian cancer survival and recurrence
(Medical Xpress)—Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified biomarkers that can be used to determine ovarian cancer survival and recurrence, and have shown how these biomarkers interact with ...
Cancer
Apr 30, 2013 |
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Only half newly reported HCV cases receiving follow-up test
(HealthDay)—The lack of a hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA test for approximately one-half of persons newly reported as HCV infected suggests that testing and reporting must improve to detect all persons with ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
May 09, 2013 |
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Structure that edits messenger RNA transcripts defective in two different forms of motor neuron diseases
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are degenerative motor neuron diseases in which the key mutated genes are involved in RNA metabolism. This similarity suggests that a ...
Medical research
Apr 26, 2013 |
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Transgenic mice ready to fight obesity—and more
Scientists at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw investigate mice with a very precisely modified genome. Because it is possible to turn off the Dicer ...
Genetics
Apr 25, 2013 |
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Researchers decode a kind of trigger switch for the conversion of fat cells
For a long time, scientists have dreamed of converting undesirable white fat cells into brown fat cells and thus simply have excess pounds melt away. Researchers at the University of Bonn have now gotten ...
Medical research
Apr 23, 2013 |
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Discovery of gene involved in fatty liver disease
An international research consortium led by CIC bioGUNE has discovered the involvement of a gene in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although the gene concerned (SLC2A1) had never previously been ...
Genetics
Apr 24, 2013 |
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RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a biologically important type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate. RNA is very similar to DNA, but differs in a few important structural details: in the cell, RNA is usually single-stranded, while DNA is usually double-stranded; RNA nucleotides contain ribose while DNA contains deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom); and RNA has the base uracil rather than thymine that is present in DNA.
RNA is transcribed from DNA by enzymes called RNA polymerases and is generally further processed by other enzymes. RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins. Here, a type of RNA called messenger RNA carries information from DNA to structures called ribosomes. These ribosomes are made from proteins and ribosomal RNAs, which come together to form a molecular machine that can read messenger RNAs and translate the information they carry into proteins. There are many RNAs with other roles – in particular regulating which genes are expressed, but also as the genomes of most viruses.
For more information about RNA, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
