New method could lower radiotherapy doses for some cancer patients
A special type of MRI scan where patients inhale 100% oxygen could result in lower radiotherapy doses for some cancer patients.
Aug 15, 2024
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A special type of MRI scan where patients inhale 100% oxygen could result in lower radiotherapy doses for some cancer patients.
Aug 15, 2024
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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are a rare form of pancreatic cancer for which predicting patient clinical outcomes and providing appropriate patient management remain challenging.
Aug 12, 2024
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In a new study, the team led by Étienne Gagnon, Professor in the Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology at the Université de Montréal and Director of IRIC's Cancer Immunobiology Research Unit, has ...
Aug 2, 2024
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Muscle injuries are common in the active population, and they cause the majority of player retirements in the world of sports. Depending on the severity, recovery of muscle function is quite slow and may require surgery, ...
Mar 18, 2024
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common human disease and one of the main causes of cancer-related death. The angiogenesis inhibitor Sorafenib (SORA) is commonly used in the treatment of advanced HCC as a first-line drug.
Feb 7, 2024
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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic colitis of indeterminate origin, characterized by continuous inflammation spreading from the rectum. Common symptoms include diarrhea, bloody stool, and bowel urgency.
Jan 23, 2024
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If the oxygen level in organs and tissues falls below normal, hypoxia occurs. Then the body launches defensive responses. In many ways, they coincide and overlap with the response to inflammation, because this process is ...
Jan 16, 2024
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New research from Cleveland Clinic has identified a link between sleep apnea and the development of atrial fibrillation, a common heart rhythm disorder.
Nov 10, 2023
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Neurochemical mechanisms that enable breathing memory—a form of neuroplasticity (the ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to injuries) known as phrenic long-term facilitation—are very dependent ...
Oct 2, 2023
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Friedreich's ataxia is a rare, inherited disease that causes progressive nervous system damage, impairing balance and coordination and leaving patients unable to walk by early adulthood.
Jun 22, 2023
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Hypoxia, or hypoxiation, is a pathological condition in which the body as a whole (generalized hypoxia) or a region of the body (tissue hypoxia) is deprived of adequate oxygen supply. Variations in arterial oxygen concentrations can be part of the normal physiology, for example, during strenuous physical exercise. A mismatch between oxygen supply and its demand at the cellular level may result in a hypoxic condition. Hypoxia in which there is complete deprivation of oxygen supply is referred to as anoxia.
Hypoxia differs from hypoxemia in that, in the latter, the oxygen concentration within the arterial blood is abnormally low. It is possible to experience hypoxia and have a low oxygen content (e.g., due to anemia) but maintain high oxygen partial pressure (pO2). Incorrect use of these terms can easily lead to confusion, especially as hypoxemia is among the causes of hypoxia (in hypoxemic hypoxia).
Generalized hypoxia occurs in healthy people when they ascend to high altitude, where it causes altitude sickness leading to potentially fatal complications: high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE). Hypoxia also occurs in healthy individuals when breathing mixtures of gases with a low oxygen content, e.g. while diving underwater especially when using closed-circuit rebreather systems that control the amount of oxygen in the supplied air. A mild and non-damaging intermittent hypoxia is used intentionally during altitude trainings to develop an athletic performance adaptation at both the systemic and cellular level.
Hypoxia is also a serious consequence of preterm birth in the neonate. The main cause for this is that the lungs of the human fetus are among the last organs to develop during pregnancy. To assist the lungs to distribute oxygenated blood throughout the body, infants at risk of hypoxia are often placed inside an incubator capable of providing continuous positive airway pressure (also known as a humidicrib).
In humans, hypoxia is detected by chemoreceptors in the carotid body. This response does not control ventilation rate at normal pO2, but below normal the activity of neurons innervating these receptors increases dramatically, so much so to override the signals from central chemoreceptors in the hypothalamus, increasing pO2 despite a falling pCO2
This text uses material from Wikipedia licensed under CC BY-SA