Genetics

Women with gene mutation give new insight into blood clot risk

New research from Queen Mary University of London, published in iScience, shows an increased risk of blood clots in women who have any combination of a particular gene mutation, estrogen use, or common medical conditions—specifically: ...

Obstetrics & gynaecology

Perioperative vaginal estrogen does not reduce prolapse recurrence

Following native tissue transvaginal prolapse repair, perioperative vaginal estrogen does not reduce prolapse recurrence, according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

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Estrogen

Estrogens (U.S., otherwise oestrogens or œstrogens) are a group of steroid compounds, named for their importance in the estrous cycle, and functioning as the primary female sex hormone, their name comes from estrus (period of fertility for female mammals) + gen = to generate.

Estrogens are used as part of some oral contraceptives, in estrogen replacement therapy for postmenopausal women, and in hormone replacement therapy for transwomen.

Like all steroid hormones, estrogens readily diffuse across the cell membrane. Once inside the cell, they bind to and activate estrogen receptors which in turn up-regulate the expression of many genes. Additionally, estrogens have been shown to activate a G protein-coupled receptor, GPR30.

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