Aging is known to have profound effects on the human brain, prompting changes in the composition of cells and the expression of genes, while also altering aspects of the interaction between genes and environmental factors. ...
Synapses are junctions via which neurons communicate with each other or with other types of cells. Synapses are formed throughout the course of a person's life, yet their strength and numbers change over time, a phenomenon ...
A multi-institutional team of ovarian biologists and other reproductive specialists reports that putting an oocyte from an older mouse into the follicle of a young mouse can rejuvenate the oocyte, allowing for the release ...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is the most common degenerative motor neuron disease in adults. It is characterized by a selective loss of motor neurons, resulting in progressive muscle ...
Sep 10, 2024
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A research team from Hiroshima University has developed an analysis pipeline to identify unexploited genes for a given disease against five databases that provide gene-disease associations. They used their pipeline to study ...
Sep 9, 2024
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Scientists from the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR) have identified key changes to both chromosome structure and gene expression that affect stem cell function during aging. Using fruit flies, they found ...
Sep 9, 2024
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Resting brain stem cells hardly differ from normal astrocytes, which support the nerve cells in the brain. How can almost identical cells perform such different functions? The key lies in the methylation of their genetic ...
Sep 4, 2024
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Aging is a complex biological process that also takes place in the brain. Researchers have discovered that the gene activity changes in different cell types in the brain. A certain type of neuron is particularly affected. ...
Sep 3, 2024
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Using a new workflow that integrates spatial transcriptomics and machine learning for imaging analysis and integration with single-cell datasets, researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified novel ...
Aug 29, 2024
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An innovative software tool could advance cancer pathology by providing diagnostic insights from tissue biopsies. The tool, called METI (Morphology-Enhanced Spatial Transcriptome Analysis Integrator), was developed by researchers ...
Aug 29, 2024
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Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as rRNA genes or tRNA genes, the product is a functional RNA.
Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in the organism.
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