Gerontology & Geriatrics

Does fat content within muscle predict risk of cognitive decline?

New research reveals that the level of fat within the body's muscle—or muscle adiposity—may indicate a person's likelihood of experiencing cognitive decline as they age. In the study published in the Journal of the American ...

Obstetrics & gynaecology

Q and A: What is overactive bladder?

I'm a 48-year-old woman who just started going through menopause. I feel like I'm handling the hot flashes, sleepless nights and other symptoms OK, but my bladder is going crazy. Sometimes, when I realize I need to go, I ...

Surgery

'Prehabilitation' boosts surgery outcomes, shows study

Pre-surgery exercise and education—widely known as prehabilitation—can significantly improve outcomes for patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, according to new research published in JAMA Network Open,

Genetics

Study examines the possible role of KIF5A gene in ALS

A study by researchers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and College of Medicine used a newly developed mouse model to examine the possible role of a gene called KIF5A in the development of amyotrophic lateral ...

Sports medicine & Kinesiology

7 benefits of regular physical activity

Whether you're a novice taking the first steps toward fitness or an exercise fanatic hoping to optimize your results, a well-rounded fitness training program is essential.

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Muscle

Muscle (from Latin musculus, diminutive of mus "mouse") is the contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells. Muscle cells contain contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. They are classified as skeletal, cardiac, or smooth muscles. Their function is to produce force and cause motion. Muscles can cause either locomotion of the organism itself or movement of internal organs. Cardiac and smooth muscle contraction occurs without conscious thought and is necessary for survival. Examples are the contraction of the heart and peristalsis which pushes food through the digestive system. Voluntary contraction of the skeletal muscles is used to move the body and can be finely controlled. Examples are movements of the eye, or gross movements like the quadriceps muscle of the thigh. There are two broad types of voluntary muscle fibers: slow twitch and fast twitch. Slow twitch fibers contract for long periods of time but with little force while fast twitch fibers contract quickly and powerfully but fatigue very rapidly.

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