A team of medical researchers from the U.S., China and Germany reports that when a mouse feels stressed, its brain sends signals to a gut gland that leads to elimination of a type of bacteria that prevents inflammation and ...
In a struggle that probably sounds familiar to dieters everywhere, the less a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worm eats, the more slowly it loses fat. Now, scientists at Scripps Research have discovered why: a small molecule ...
Aug 22, 2024
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Neurostimulators, also known as brain pacemakers, send electrical impulses to specific areas of the brain via special electrodes. It is estimated that some 200,000 people worldwide are now benefiting from this technology, ...
Sep 4, 2024
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For the first time, researchers have implicated the gene CHCHD2 in Huntington's disease (HD)—an incurable genetic neurodegenerative disorder—and identified the gene as a potentially new therapeutic target. In a brain ...
Aug 22, 2024
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The cells that make up cancerous brain tumors are extremely varied and sometimes create unique three-dimensional shapes. As far back as 1932, American neurosurgeon Percival Bailey attempted to label these cells and discovered ...
Aug 29, 2024
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Resting brain stem cells hardly differ from normal astrocytes, which support the nerve cells in the brain. How can almost identical cells perform such different functions? The key lies in the methylation of their genetic ...
Sep 4, 2024
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Cognitive impairment is one of the burdens for patients suffering from chronic kidney disease. It can severely impair quality of life and often leads to an increased risk of dementia in those affected. Studies show that a ...
Aug 19, 2024
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Researchers at the MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit in Oxford's Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences have discovered a new neuronal mechanism in the hippocampus, that prevents new "flexible" memories from being formed ...
Sep 9, 2024
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Imagine building a traffic surveillance camera that could detect trouble-making cells speeding around in your brain before their cellular gang could commit "crimes." Most importantly, this camera could catch some of the biggest ...
Sep 10, 2024
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Specialized nerve cells in the temporal lobe react highly selectively to images and names of a single person or specific objects. Researchers at the University Hospital Bonn (UKB) and the University of Bonn have provided ...
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A neuron (pronounced /ˈnjʊərɒn/ N(Y)OOR-on, also known as a neurone or nerve cell) is an excitable cell in the nervous system that processes and transmits information by electrochemical signalling. Neurons are the core components of the brain, the vertebrate spinal cord, the invertebrate ventral nerve cord, and the peripheral nerves. A number of specialized types of neurons exist: sensory neurons respond to touch, sound, light and numerous other stimuli affecting cells of the sensory organs that then send signals to the spinal cord and brain. Motor neurons receive signals from the brain and spinal cord and cause muscle contractions and affect glands. Interneurons connect neurons to other neurons within the same region of the brain or spinal cord. Neurons respond to stimuli, and communicate the presence of stimuli to the central nervous system, which processes that information and sends responses to other parts of the body for action. Neurons do not go through mitosis, and usually cannot be replaced after being destroyed, although astrocytes have been observed to turn into neurons as they are sometimes pluripotent.
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