Medical research

Innate immunity: The final touch for antimicrobial defense

If bacteria enter the body, it often takes just a few minutes for the innate immune system to recognize them as foreign and set the immune defense in motion. Receptors of the immune system that recognize bacterial cell wall ...

Medical research

Intervening to stop bone loss

Bone remodeling in the body involves a balancing act between osteoblasts, cells that build bone, and osteoclasts, cells that break it down. Diseases such as osteoporosis, arthritis, and periodontitis involve bone loss, and ...

Medical research

How does the brain process heat as pain?

The world has changed since 1664, when French philosopher and scientist Rene Descartes first claimed the brain was responsible for feeling the sensation of pain.

Neuroscience

Scientists uncover key factor in neocortex development

Scientists at the Texas A&M University College of Medicine have made a breakthrough discovery about the development of the brain. This new information contributes to our understanding of how the part of the brain that makes ...

Medical research

Can 'smell' trigger tumors?

How tumors emerge has always been quite a conundrum in the scientific community.

Immunology

How one inflammatory disorder exacerbates another

The immune system remembers. Often this memory, primed by past encounters with threats like bacteria or viruses, is an asset. But when that memory is sparked by internal drivers, like chronic inflammation, it can prove detrimental, ...

Gastroenterology

Intestinal cells change functions during their lives

Intestinal cells can change specializations during their lives. The BMP signaling pathway—an important communication mechanism between cells—appears to be the driver of these changes. That is what scientists from the ...

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