Communications Biology

Medical research

Fermentation may have driven human brain evolution

The large, capable human brain is a marvel of evolution, but how it evolved from a smaller primate brain into the creative, complex organ of today is a mystery. Scientists can pinpoint 'when' our evolutionary ancestors evolved ...

Biomedical technology

The free-energy principle explains the brain

The RIKEN Center for Brain Science (CBS) in Japan, along with colleagues, has shown that the free-energy principle can explain how neural networks are optimized for efficiency. Published in the scientific journal Communications ...

Autism spectrum disorders

Autism: A spectrum on the path to segmentation

Autism is a multi-faceted disorder that cannot be identified by a single symptom or explained by a single biological cause. As a result, it is referred to as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). People with ASD experience a wide ...

Oncology & Cancer

Taking the itch out of cancer immunotherapy

Using the body's immune system to fight cancer has great potential, but can also bring serious side effects, including itchy and painful skin reactions. But now, researchers from Japan have found how these skin reactions ...

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