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Second generation gene therapy for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency

Second generation gene therapy for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
Serum anti-AAV8 total and neutralizing antibody titers in mice after intravenous administration of AAV8hAAT(AVL). Assessment of total anti-AAV8 and neutralizing anti-AAV8 antibody titers in treated mice for humoral response evoked by IV administration of AAV8hAAT(AVL). The total antibody titer is expressed as the reciprocal of the serum dilution, while the neutralizing antibody titer is expressed as the reciprocal of serum dilution at which 50% inhibition of AAV8Luc was observed. (A–C) AAV8 total and (D–F) neutralizing antibody titers at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after single IV administration of PBS or AAV8hAAT(AVL), color coded by treatment (blue, PBS; green, AAV8hAAT(AVL), 5.0 × 1011 gc/kg dose; yellow, AAV8hAAT(AVL), 5.0 × 1012 gc/kg dose; red, AAV8hAAT(AVL), 5.0 × 1013 gc/kg dose). Titers are expressed as the geometric mean ± SEM for 5F/5M for each time point (gender data combined). (A, D) One-week cohort. (B, E) One-month cohort. (C, F) Six-month cohort. All mice were treated at 8 weeks of age ±3 days. Comparisons between vector doses and age-matched PBS controls were assessed by unpaired t-test for effect of treatment dosage versus control. *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001; and ****p < 0.0001. Credit: Human Gene Therapy (2023). DOI: 10.1089/hum.2022.192

Researchers report on the safety of a gene therapy to treat the common autosomal recessive hereditary disorder alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in a new article in Human Gene Therapy.

In ATT deficiency, neutrophil proteases destroy the lung parenchyma, the portion of the lungs involved in gas exchange. The result is a high risk for the early onset of emphysema. Ronald Crystal, MD, from Weill Cornell Medicine, and co-authors, have developed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 8-based gene therapy for AAT deficiency that codes for an engineered variant of AAT. In the current study, they evaluate the safety of intravenous administration of this gene therapy, called AAV8hAAT(AVL), in mice at three doses compared to control mice.

"The data demonstrates that intravenous administration of AAV8hAAT(AVL) is safe with no significant adverse effects attributed to AAV8hAAT(AVL) vector at any dose," conclude the investigators. These findings are "consistent with the requirements for proceeding to a ."

"Improving the potency of gene vectors is a crucial step in developing therapies that will be effective at doses that are safe and feasible to manufacture," says Editor in Chief Terence R. Flotte, MD, Celia and Isaac Haidak Professor of Medical Education and Dean, Provost, and Executive Deputy Chancellor, University of Massachusetts Medical School. "Accomplishing this for AAT deficiency is particularly important given the high levels of circulating anti-protease activity that are required to help these patients."

More information: Jonathan B. Rosenberg et al, Safety of Intravenous Administration of an AAV8 Vector Coding for an Oxidation-Resistant Human α1-Antitrypsin for the Treatment of α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Human Gene Therapy (2023). DOI: 10.1089/hum.2022.192

Journal information: Human Gene Therapy
Citation: Second generation gene therapy for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (2023, February 22) retrieved 28 March 2024 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-02-generation-gene-therapy-alpha-antitrypsin.html
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