The degradation and regeneration of myelin sheaths characterize neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis. Cholesterol is an indispensable component of myelin sheaths. The cholesterol for the regenerated myelin sheaths ...
Nov 10, 2021
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the accumulation of fat in the liver unrelated to alcohol abuse or other liver diseases. It is often associated with obesity and diabetes and is considered a manifestation of metabolic ...
Nov 10, 2021
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Therapeutics that target lipids called ceramides might hold potential for treating cardiometabolic disease, argues a review article published November 5th in the journal Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. The authors summarize ...
Nov 05, 2021
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One in five participants were without treatment for four years before, during and after pregnancy. Over 9,000 people live with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in Norway, but another 16,000 people may have hereditary high ...
Nov 01, 2021
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Although the influenza virus varies a lot from year to year, the flu usually contributes to approximately 1000 deaths a year in Norway. The different measures used to stop the spread of coronavirus brought the flu infection ...
Oct 19, 2021
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A small study has suggested that high maternal cholesterol in pregnancy is associated with more serious heart attacks in young adult offspring. The research is published today in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, ...
Oct 19, 2021
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Americans who live in counties deemed "socially vulnerable" based on census variables are more likely to die from cardiovascular disease before age 65, according to new research published today in the American Heart Association's ...
Oct 18, 2021
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A lower extremity amputation in a patient with peripheral artery disease—narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the legs or feet—is the culmination of years of failure by the U.S. health system. Our study, published ...
Oct 13, 2021
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To track cardiovascular health, doctors measure blood pressure, cholesterol levels and blood sugar, among a number of other cardiovascular disease risk factors. Such measures can help predict whether a person is at risk of ...
Oct 01, 2021
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Low-carbohydrate diets are popular for weight loss and diabetes control. However, for most of the past 50 years, medical and public health experts have instead embraced low-fat diets, concerned about the health effects of ...
Sep 28, 2021
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Cholesterol is a lipidic, waxy steroid found in the cell membranes and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is an essential component of mammalian cell membranes where it is required to establish proper membrane permeability and fluidity. Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by animals, but small quantities are synthesized in other eukaryotes, such as plants and fungi. It is almost completely absent among prokaryotes, which include bacteria. Cholesterol is classified as a sterol.
Since cholesterol is essential for life, it is primarily synthesized de novo within the body. However excessive levels of cholesterol in blood circulation are strongly associated with progression of atherosclerosis. For an adult, typical total body cholesterol synthesis is about 1 gram per day (less if dietary intake is high) and total body cholesterol content is about 35 g. Average dietary intake in western societies is 0.2 - 0.3 grams. Cholesterol is excreted by the liver via the bile into the digestive tract. Typically about 50% of the excreted cholesterol is reabsorbed by the small bowel back into the blood stream.
The name cholesterol originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as François Poulletier de la Salle first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones, in 1769. However, it was only in 1815 that chemist Eugène Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".
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