News tagged with dna testing
Final chapter to 60-year-old blood group mystery
Researchers have solved a 60-year-old mystery by identifying a gene that can cause rejection, kidney failure and even death in some blood transfusion patients. In this study, published in Nature Genetics online ...
Genetics
Apr 07, 2013 |
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Researchers discover enzyme behind breast cancer mutations
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have uncovered a human enzyme responsible for causing DNA mutations found in the majority of breast cancers. The discovery of this enzyme – called APOBEC3B – may change the way ...
Cancer
Feb 06, 2013 |
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Genetic error linked to rare disease that causes chronic respiratory infections
(Medical Xpress)—Scanning the DNA of two people with a rare disease has led scientists to identify the precise genetic error responsible for their disorder, primary ciliary dyskinesia.
Genetics
Oct 16, 2012 |
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Geneticists find causes for severe childhood epilepsies
(Medical Xpress)—Using a state-of-the-art DNA sequencing technique, UA researchers have discovered genetic mutations underlying seizure disorders in previously undiagnosed children.
Neuroscience
May 07, 2013 |
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New insights into how genes turn on and off
Researchers at UC Davis and the University of British Columbia have shed new light on methylation, a critical process that helps control how genes are expressed. Working with placentas, the team discovered that 37 percent ...
Genetics
Mar 27, 2013 |
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DNA test shows promise in guiding advanced breast cancer care
(HealthDay)—An experimental blood test could help show whether women with advanced breast cancer are responding to treatment, a preliminary study suggests.
Cancer
Mar 13, 2013 |
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DNA testing helps with family histories
As she swabbed the inside of his cheek, Patt Heise assured her 84-year-old father that she wasn't crazy, just curious. She mailed off the saliva sample and waited for results. Her dad died a month later, too early to find ...
Genetics
Feb 22, 2013 |
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New genetic test can predict man's risk of developing prostate cancer
Researchers in Japan have created a genetic test that will help doctors diagnose prostate cancer. When given together with testing for prostate specific antigen (PSA), a widely used diagnostic biomarker for ...
Cancer
Feb 08, 2013 |
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Study points to a safer, better test for chromosomal defects in the fetus
A noninvasive, sequencing-based approach for detecting chromosomal abnormalities in the developing fetus is safer and more informative in some cases than traditional methods, according to a study published ...
Genetics
Jan 10, 2013 |
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Scientists use Pap test fluid to detect ovarian, endometrial cancers
Using cervical fluid obtained during routine Pap tests, scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have developed a test to detect ovarian and endometrial cancers. In a pilot study, the "PapGene" test, which relies ...
Cancer
Jan 09, 2013 |
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One cell is all you need: Innovative technique can sequence entire genome from single cell
The notion that police can identify a suspect based on the tiniest drop of blood or trace of tissue has long been a staple of TV dramas, but scientists at Harvard have taken the idea a step further. Using ...
Genetics
Jan 07, 2013 |
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Scientists discover gene linked to breast and ovarian cancer
(Medical Xpress)—A team of researchers led by the Institute of Cancer Research, London, have found that rare mutations in a gene called PPM1D are linked to an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. The mutations are ...
Cancer
Dec 17, 2012 |
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New test for tuberculosis could improve treatment, prevent deaths in Southern Africa
A new rapid test for tuberculosis (TB) could substantially and cost-effectively reduce TB deaths and improve treatment in southern Africa—a region where both HIV and tuberculosis are common—according to a new study by ...
Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Nov 20, 2012 |
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Informatics approach helps doctors, patients make sense of genome data
The cost of sequencing the entire human genome, or exome – the regions of the genome that are translated into proteins that affect cell behavior – has decreased significantly, to the point where the cost of looking at ...
Genetics
Sep 20, 2012 |
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DNA sequencing confirms HIV transmission through surrogate breastfeeding
(Medical Xpress)—DNA sequencing has provided evidence of HIV-1 transmission from an infected woman breastfeeding her niece in South Africa, drawing attention to infant feeding practices and the need for ...
HIV & AIDS
Aug 23, 2012 |
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DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or genetic fingerprinting) is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of numbers that reflect a person's DNA makeup, which can also be used as the person's identifier. DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing.
Although 99.9% of human DNA sequences are the same in every person, enough of the DNA is different to distinguish one individual from another. DNA profiling uses repetitive ("repeat") sequences that are highly variable, called variable number tandem repeats (VNTR). VNTRs loci are very similar between closely related humans, but so variable that unrelated individuals are extremely unlikely to have the same VNTRs.
The DNA profiling technique was first reported in 1985 by Sir Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester in England, and is now the basis of several national DNA databases.
For more information about DNA profiling, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
